- published: 29 Apr 2013
- views: 5178
Ilya Ilyich Mechnikov (Russian: Илья́ Ильи́ч Ме́чников, also written as Élie Metchnikoff) (15 May [O.S. 3 May] 1845 – 15 July 1916) was a Russian zoologist best known for his pioneering research into the immune system.
In particular, he is credited with the discovery of phagocytes (macrophages) in 1882, and his discovery turned out to be the major defence mechanism in innate immunity. He and Paul Ehrlich were awarded the 1908 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine "in recognition of their work on immunity". He is also credited by some sources with coining the term gerontology in 1903, for the emerging study of aging and longevity. He established the concept of cell-mediated immunity, while Ehrlich that of humoral immunity. Their works are regarded as the foundation of the science of immunology. In immunology he is given an epithet the "father of natural immunity".
Mechnikov was born in the village Ivanovka, near Kharkov, now Kupiansk Raion, Ukraine. He was the youngest of five children of Ilya Ivanovich Mechnikov, an officer of the Imperial Guard. His mother, Emilia Lvovna (Nevakhovich), the daughter of the Jewish writer Leo Nevakhovich, largely influenced him on his education, especially in science. The family name Mechnikov is a translation from Romanian, since his father was a descendant of the Chancellor Yuri Stefanovich, the grandson of Nicolae Milescu. The word "mech" is a Russian translation of the Romanian "spadă" (sword), which originated with Spătar. His elder brother Lev became a prominent geographer and sociologist.
HyperText Markup Language, commonly referred to as HTML, is the standard markup language used to create web pages. Along with CSS, and JavaScript, HTML is a cornerstone technology, used by most websites to create visually engaging web pages, user interfaces for web applications, and user interfaces for many mobile applications.Web browsers can read HTML files and render them into visible or audible web pages. HTML describes the structure of a website semantically along with cues for presentation, making it a markup language, rather than a programming language.
HTML elements form the building blocks of all websites. HTML allows images and objects to be embedded and can be used to create interactive forms. It provides a means to create structured documents by denoting structural semantics for text such as headings, paragraphs, lists, links, quotes and other items.
The language is written in the form of HTML elements consisting of tags enclosed in angle brackets (like <html>
). Browsers do not display the HTML tags and scripts, but use them to interpret the content of the page.
Coordinates: 56°11′24″N 2°49′24″W / 56.18988°N 2.82334°W / 56.18988; -2.82334
Elie and Earlsferry is a coastal town and former royal burgh in Fife, Scotland, situated within the East Neuk beside Chapel Ness on the north coast of the Firth of Forth, eight miles east of Leven. The burgh comprised the twin villages of Elie and Earlsferry, which were formally merged in 1930 by the Local Government Act of 1929. To the north is the village of Kilconquhar and Loch of Kilconquhar.
Earlsferry, the older of the two villages, was first settled in time immemorial. It is said that MacDuff, the Earl of Fife, crossed the Forth here in 1054 while fleeing from King Macbeth. In particular the legend tells of his escape being aided by local fishermen, an act which may have led directly to the village being promoted to royal burgh status due to MacDuff's later influence over Malcolm III.
By the middle of the 12th century, the Earls of Fife had instituted a ferry for the use of pilgrims en route to the shrine of Saint Andrew the Apostle at St Andrews. The ferry crossed the Firth of Forth to North Berwick, a distance of 7 miles, and it is this ferry that led to the naming of the place. There are the remains of a small chapel on Chapel Ness, built for the use of these pilgrims.
Paul Ehrlich (14 March 1854 – 20 August 1915) was a German physician and scientist who worked in the fields of hematology, immunology, and antimicrobial chemotherapy. He invented the precursor technique to Gram staining bacteria. The methods he developed for staining tissue made it possible to distinguish between different types of blood cells, which led to the capability to diagnose numerous blood diseases.
His laboratory discovered arsphenamine (Salvarsan), the first effective medicinal treatment for syphilis, thereby initiating and also naming the concept of chemotherapy. Ehrlich popularized the concept of a magic bullet. He also made a decisive contribution to the development of an antiserum to combat diphtheria and conceived a method for standardizing therapeutic serums.
In 1908, he received the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for his contributions to immunology. He was the founder and first director of what is now known as the Paul Ehrlich Institute.
The Immune System is a system of biological structures and processes within an organism that protects against disease. To function properly, an immune system must detect a wide variety of agents, known as pathogens, from viruses to parasitic worms, and distinguish them from the organism's own healthy tissue. Paul Ehrlich (14 March 1854 – 20 August 1915) was a German Jewish physician and scientist who worked in the fields of hematology, immunology, and chemotherapy. He invented the precursor technique to Gram staining bacteria. The methods he developed for staining tissue made it possible to distinguish between different type of blood cells, which led to the capability to diagnose numerous blood diseases. Élie Metchnikoff) (15 May [O.S. 3 May] 1845 – 15 July 1916) was a Russian biologist,...
iMovie
-- Created using PowToon -- Free sign up at http://www.powtoon.com/youtube/ -- Create animated videos and animated presentations for free. PowToon is a free tool that allows you to develop cool animated clips and animated presentations for your website, office meeting, sales pitch, nonprofit fundraiser, product launch, video resume, or anything else you could use an animated explainer video. PowToon's animation templates help you create animated presentations and animated explainer videos from scratch. Anyone can produce awesome animations quickly with PowToon, without the cost or hassle other professional animation services require.
Expand your vocabulary and learn how to say new words: http://www.dictionaryvoice.com/How_To_Pronounce_Lie_Metchnikoff.html Please leave a Like, a Comment, and Share. Bookmark us and share: http://www.dictionaryvoice.com Twitter: https://twitter.com/DictionaryVoice Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/pages/Dictionary-Voice/750369141710497 More Pronunciations: 1) How to Pronounce Metchnikoff http://www.dictionaryvoice.com/How_To_Pronounce_Metchnikoff.html 2) How to Pronounce élie Metchnikoff http://www.dictionaryvoice.com/How_To_Pronounce_Lie_Metchnikoff.html 3) How to Pronounce Elie Metchnikoff http://www.dictionaryvoice.com/How_To_Pronounce_Elie_Metchnikoff.html 4) How to Pronounce Lie http://www.dictionaryvoice.com/How_To_Pronounce_Lie.html 5) How to Pronounce Ai Da Lie Lie http://ww...
What is MACROPHAGE? What does MACROPHAGE mean? MACROPHAGE meaning - MACROPHAGE pronunciation - MACROPHAGE definition - MACROPHAGE explanation - How to pronounce MACROPHAGE? Source: Wikipedia.org article, adapted under https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/ license. Macrophages are a type of white blood cell that engulfs and digests cellular debris, foreign substances, microbes, cancer cells, and anything else that does not have the types of proteins specific of healthy body cells on its surface in a process called phagocytosis. These large phagocytes are found in essentially all tissues, where they patrol for potential pathogens by amoeboid movement. They take various forms (with various names) throughout the body (e.g., histiocytes, Kupffer cells, alveolar macrophages, microgli...
Expand your vocabulary and learn how to say new words: http://www.dictionaryvoice.com/How_To_Pronounce_Elie_Metchnikoff.html Please leave a Like, a Comment, and Share. Bookmark us and share: http://www.dictionaryvoice.com Twitter: https://twitter.com/DictionaryVoice Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/pages/Dictionary-Voice/750369141710497 More Pronunciations: 1) How to Pronounce Elie Metchnikoff http://www.dictionaryvoice.com/How_To_Pronounce_Elie_Metchnikoff.html 2) How to Pronounce Metchnikoff http://www.dictionaryvoice.com/How_To_Pronounce_Metchnikoff.html 3) How to Pronounce Elie http://www.dictionaryvoice.com/How_To_Pronounce_Elie.html 4) How to Pronounce élie Metchnikoff http://www.dictionaryvoice.com/How_To_Pronounce_Lie_Metchnikoff.html 5) How to Pronounce Elie Ducommun http:/...
Le docteur Christine M'Rini dirige le département R&D; de la division produits laitiers frais de Danone Nutricia research. A l'occasion du 100 e anniversaire de la mort de Elie Metchnikoff, l'un des premiers scientifiques à étudier le rôle du microbiote intestinal, le Dr M'Rini revient sur les principaux axes de recherche du groupe en partenariat avec des organismes de recherche impliqués dans le domaine, comme l'Institut Pasteur