The Blue Planet: Snake Documentary, Black Mamba ⇉ “KING OF POISON” ⇇
The Blue Planet:
Snake Documentary,
Black Mamba ⇉ “
KING OF POISON” ⇇
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The black mamba (
Dendroaspis polylepis) is a highly venomous snake of the genus Dendroaspis, and is endemic to sub-Saharan
Africa. It was first described in
1864 by
Albert Günther.
Despite its common name, the black mamba takes its name not from the colour of its scales, but from the interior of its mouth, which is inky-black. It is the longest species of venomous snake in Africa, and the second-longest venomous snake in the world after the king cobra. The adult snake's length typically ranges from
2 meters (6.6 ft) to 3 meters (9.8 ft), although larger examples have been recorded. It is also the fastest moving snake in Africa, and one of the fastest moving snakes in the world, capable of moving at 11 km/h (6.8 mph) over short distances.
Black mambas breed annually and mating occurs in the early spring. Females lay eggs which gestate over 80 to
90 days before hatching.
Juvenile black mambas are lighter in colour than adults and darken with age. Although mambas are typically tree-dwelling snakes, the black mamba is only occasionally arboreal, preferring to build lairs in terrestrial habitats. The black mamba is found across a range of terrain from savannah, woodlands, rocky slopes and dense forests. It is diurnal and chiefly an ambush predator, known to prey on hyrax, bushbabies and other small mammals.
Adult black mambas have few predators in the wild.
The venom of the black mamba is highly toxic; potentially causing collapse in humans within
45 minutes, or less.
Without effective antivenom therapy, death typically occurs in 7–15 hours. Its venom is chiefly composed of neurotoxins, specifically dendrotoxin. The black mamba is capable of striking at considerable range and occasionally may deliver a series of bites in rapid succession. Despite its reputation for being very aggressive, like most snakes, it usually attempts to flee from humans unless threatened or cornered.
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