Peter of Tarentaise

Friday, 28 December 2012

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Bellevaux
Coordinates: 46°15′27″N 6°31′55″E / 46.2575°N 6.5319°E / 46.2575; 6.5319
Bellevaux is a commune in the Haute-Savoie department in the Rhône-Alpes region in south-eastern France.

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Bellevaux Abbey
Bellevaux Abbey was a Cistercian monastery, founded in 1120 by Pons de Morimond, near the present-day Cirey, Haute-Saône, France. At that time it was in Franche-Comté. It was suppressed in 1790 and sold in 1791. Shortly afterwards the church was demolished. 1795 the buildings were bought by Jean-Charles Pichegru.
It was a daughter house of Morimond Abbey. Peter of Tarentaise died there, as he arrived at the abbey in 1174, giving it his relics. These were for a long time disputed by Tamié Abbey.
It had strong connections to the local nobles. Otto de la Roche gave Bellevaux the sacked Daphni Monastery in Greece shortly after 1205.
Bellevaux Abbey was sacked in 1474 by French troops, and burned in 1636 by troops from Weimar. All the existing buildings were erected by the last abbot Louis Albert de Lezay-Marnésia, bishop of Évreux between 1762 and 1788.
Eugene Huvelin (d. 1828) bought it in 1817, and installed a Trappist religious community there, which however left again at the outbreak of the 1830 Revolution. The premises were sold to private owners in 1837.

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France
France (English ⁱ/ˈfræns/ FRANSS or /ˈfrɑːns/ FRAHNSS; French: [fʁɑ̃s] ( listen)), officially the French Republic (French: République française [ʁepyblik fʁɑ̃sɛz]), is a unitary semi-presidential republic in Western Europe with several overseas territories and islands located on other continents and in the Indian, Pacific, and Atlantic oceans. Metropolitan France extends from the Mediterranean Sea to the English Channel and the North Sea, and from the Rhine to the Atlantic Ocean. It is often referred to as l’Hexagone ("The Hexagon") because of the geometric shape of its territory. It is the largest western European country and it possesses the second-largest exclusive economic zone in the world, covering 11,035,000 km² (4,260,000 sq mi), just behind that of the United States (11,351,000 km² / 4,383,000 sq mi).
Over the past 500 years, France has been a major power with strong cultural, economic, military and political influence in Europe and around the world. During the 17th and 18th centuries, France colonised great parts of North America and Southeast Asia; during the 19th and early 20th centuries, France built the second largest colonial empire of the time, including large portions of North, West and Central Africa, Southeast Asia, and many Caribbean and Pacific Islands.

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Italy
Italy ⁱ/ˈɪtəli/ (Italian: Italia [iˈtaːlja]), officially the Italian Republic or the Republic of Italy (Italian: Repubblica italiana), is a unitary parliamentary republic in south-central Europe. To the north, it borders France, Switzerland, Austria and Slovenia along the Alps. To the south, it consists of the entirety of the Italian Peninsula, Sicily, Sardinia–the two largest islands in the Mediterranean Sea–and many other smaller islands. The independent states of San Marino and the Vatican City are enclaves within Italy, while Campione d'Italia is an Italian exclave in Switzerland. The territory of Italy covers some 301,338 km² (116,347 sq mi) and is influenced by a temperate seasonal climate. With 60.6 million inhabitants, it is the fifth most populous country in Europe, and the 23rd most populous in the world.
Rome, the capital of Italy, was for centuries a political and religious centre of Western civilisation as the capital of the Roman Empire and site of the Holy See. After the decline of the Roman Empire, Italy endured numerous invasions by foreign peoples, from Germanic tribes such as the Lombards and Ostrogoths, to the Byzantines and later, the Normans, among others. Centuries later, Italy became the birthplace of Maritime republics and the Renaissance, an immensely fruitful intellectual movement that would prove to be integral in shaping the subsequent course of European thought.

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Savoy
Savoy (/ˈsævɔɪ/; Arpitan: Savouè, IPA: [saˈvwɛ]; French: Savoie, IPA: [savwa]; Italian: Savoia) is a region of France. It comprises roughly the territory of the Western Alps situated between Lake Geneva in the north and Dauphiné in the south.
The historical land of Savoy emerged as the feudal territory of the house of Savoy during the 11th to 14th centuries. The historical territory is shared between the modern republics of France and Italy.
Installed by Rudolph III, King of Burgundy, officially in 1003, the House of Savoy became the longest surviving royal house in Europe.^{[citation needed]} It ruled the County of Savoy to 1416 and then the Duchy of Savoy from 1416 to 1714.
The territory of Savoy was annexed to France in 1792 under the French First Republic, before being returned to the Kingdom of Piedmont-Sardinia in 1815. Savoy was finally annexed to France, under the Second French Empire in 1860, as part of a political agreement brokered between the French emperor Napoleon III and King Victor Emmanuel II of the Kingdom of Sardinia that began the process of unification of Italy. Victor Emmanuel's dynasty, the House of Savoy, retained its Italian lands of Piedmont and Liguria and became the ruling dynasty of Italy.

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Switzerland
Switzerland (German: die Schweiz[ˈʃvaɪts]; French: Suisse [sɥis(ə)]; Italian: Svizzera [ˈzvit͡sːɛra]; Romansh: Svizra [ˈʒviːtsrɐ] or [ˈʒviːtsʁːɐ]), in its full name the Swiss Confederation (Latin: Confoederatio Helvetica, hence its abbreviation CH), is a federal republic consisting of 26 cantons, with Bern as the seat of the federal authorities. The country is situated in western Europe, where it is bordered by Germany to the north, France to the west, Italy to the south, and Austria and Liechtenstein to the east.
Switzerland is a landlocked country geographically divided between the Alps, the Swiss Plateau and the Jura, spanning an area of 41,285 km² (15,940 sq mi). While the Alps occupy the greater part of the territory, the Swiss population of approximately 8 million people is concentrated mostly on the Plateau, where the largest cities are to be found. Among them are the two global cities and economic centres of Zurich and Geneva.
The Swiss Confederation has a long history of armed neutrality—it has not been in a state of war internationally since 1815—and did not join the United Nations until 2002. It pursues, however, an active foreign policy and is frequently involved in peace-building processes around the world. Switzerland is also the birthplace of the Red Cross and home to a large number of international organizations, including the second largest UN office. On the European level, it is a founding member of the European Free Trade Association and is part of the Schengen Area – although it is notably not a member of the European Union, nor the European Economic Area.

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Tamié Abbey
Tamié Abbey (Abbaye de Tamié, or Abbaye Notre-Dame-de-Tamié) is a Cistercian monastery, located in the Bauges, Savoie, France. It was founded in 1132, as a daughter house of Bonnevaux Abbey, by Peter of Tarentaise, who was also the first abbot.
It continues as a Trappist community of 30 monks, famous for its cheese, Abbaye de Tamié.
Coordinates: 45°41′13″N 6°18′15″E / 45.68694°N 6.30417°E / 45.68694; 6.30417

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Henry II of England
Henry II (5 March 1133 – 6 July 1189), also known as Henry Curtmantle, Henry FitzEmpress or Henry Plantagenet, ruled as King of England (1154–89), Count of Anjou, Count of Maine, Duke of Normandy, Duke of Aquitaine, Count of Nantes, and Lord of Ireland; at various times, he also controlled Wales, Scotland and Brittany. Henry was the son of Geoffrey of Anjou and Matilda, who was the daughter of King Henry I and took the title of Empress from her first marriage. He became actively involved by the age of 14 in his mother's efforts to claim the throne of England, and was made the Duke of Normandy at 17. He inherited Anjou in 1151 and shortly afterwards married Eleanor of Aquitaine, whose marriage to the French king Louis VII had recently been annulled. King Stephen agreed to a peace treaty after Henry's military expedition to England in 1153, and he inherited the kingdom on Stephen's death a year later. Still quite young, he now controlled what would later be called the Angevin empire, stretching across much of western Europe.

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Hugh of Lincoln
Hugh of Lincoln (also Hugh of Avalon or Hugh of Burgundy; 1135/1140 – London, 16 November 1200) was at the time of the Reformation the best-known English saint after Thomas Becket.
Hugh was born at the château of Avalon, at the border of the Dauphiné with Savoy, the son of William, seigneur of Avalon. His mother Anna died when he was eight, and his father retired to the nearby priory of Villard Benoît at Pontcharra near Grenoble, taking his young son with him.
Hugh did very well, and was suited to the monastic religious life, becoming deacon at the age of nineteen. About 1159 he was sent to be prior of the monastery nearby at Saint-Maximin, then entered the Grande Chartreuse, at the height of its reputation for the rigid austerity of its rules and the earnest piety of its members. There he rose to become procurator, until he was sent in 1179 to become prior of Witham in Somerset, the first English Carthusian house.
Henry II of England, as part of his penance for the murder of Thomas Becket, in lieu of going on crusade as he had promised in his first remorse, had established a Carthusian monastery (charterhouse) some time before, which was settled by monks brought from the Grande Chartreuse. There were difficulties in advancing the building works, however, and the first prior was retired and a second soon died. Henry learned of Hugh and sent an influential embassy to demand his services. Most reluctantly, the Carthusians let him go.

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Louis VII of France
Louis VII (called the Younger or the Young) (French: Louis le Jeune) (1120 – 18 September 1180) was King of the Franks, the son and successor of Louis VI (hence his nickname). He ruled from 1137 until his death. He was a member of the House of Capet. His reign was dominated by feudal struggles (in particular with the Angevin family), and saw the beginning of the long rivalry between France and England. It also saw the beginning of construction on Notre-Dame de Paris, the founding of the University of Paris and the disastrous Second Crusade.
Louis VII was born in 1120, the second son of Louis VI of France and Adelaide of Maurienne. As a younger son, Louis VII had been raised to follow the ecclesiastical path. He unexpectedly became the heir to the throne of France after the accidental death of his older brother, Philip, in 1131. A well-learned and exceptionally devout man, Louis VII was better suited for life as a priest than as a monarch.
In his youth, he spent much time in Saint-Denis, where he built a friendship with the Abbot Suger that served him well in his early years as king.

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Peter of Tarentaise
Peter of Tarentaise (1102–1174) was a Roman Catholic abbot and bishop. He has been declared a saint and his feast day is May 8.
Peter was born in 1102 at Saint-Maurice-l'Exil, France, near Vienne, a town in the Rhône-Alpes mountains. He joined the Cistercian monastic order, and in so doing set a model for several other members of his family. In 1132, he became the abbot of the monastery at Tamié in the Tarentaise area of Savoy, France. In 1142, he reluctantly accepted the position as the Bishop of Tarentaise. In that capacity, he applied the Cistercian principles he had learned as an abbott to restore the then-decaying diocese, and met with a good deal of success.
His specific concerns included the welfare of travelers to and from Switzerland and Italy. For their convenience, he rebuilt an inadequate hospice at Little St Bernard Pass. He also funded a charity which distributed food to farms in the surrounding hills during May. This would take the name of pain de Mai ("May bread") and became a tradition continued in the region until the French Revolution.

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Pope Alexander III
Pope Alexander III (c. 1100/1105 – 30 August 1181), born Rolando (or Orlando) of Siena, was Pope from 1159 to 1181. He is noted in history for laying the foundation stone for the Notre Dame de Paris.
He was born in Siena. From 14th century he is referred to as a member of the aristocratic family of Bandinelli, but this is not proven. For a long time, scholars believed^{[citation needed]} him to be identical with the 12th-century canon lawyer and theologian Master Roland of Bologna, who composed the "Stroma" or "Summa Rolandi"—one of the earliest commentaries on the Decretum of Gratian—and the "Sententiae Rolandi", a sentence collection displaying the influence of Pierre Abélard.
In October 1150, Pope Eugene III created him cardinal deacon with the Title of Santi Cosma e Damiano. Later he became cardinal priest with the Title of St Mark. In 1153, he became papal chancellor and was the leader of the cardinals opposed to German Emperor Frederick I Barbarossa. He negotiated the Treaty of Benevento, which restored peaceful relations between Rome and the Kingdom of Sicily.

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Pope Celestine III
Pope Celestine III (ca. 1106 – 8 January 1198), born Giacinto Bobone, was elected Pope on 21 March 1191 and reigned until his death. He was born into the noble Orsini family in Rome, though he was only a cardinal deacon before becoming Pope. He was ordained a priest on 13 April 1191, ruled the church six years, nine months, and nine days before he died on 8 January 1198. He was buried at the Lateran.
Considered by the Curia as an expert on Spain, Giacinto conducted two legatine missions to Spain in (1154–55) and (1172–75) as Cardinal Deacon of St.Maria at Cosmedin.
He crowned the Holy Roman Emperor Henry VI on the day after his election in 1191 with a ceremony symbolizing his absolute supremacy, as described by Roger of Hoveden. He subsequently excommunicated the same Henry VI for wrongfully keeping King Richard I of England in prison. He placed Pisa under an interdict, which was lifted by his successor Innocent III in 1198. He condemned King Alfonso IX of León for his marriage to Teresa of Portugal on the grounds of consanguinity. Then, in 1196, he excommunicated Alfonso IX for making peace with the Muslims while making war on Castile. Following the marriage between Alfonso and Berenguela of Castile, Celestine excommunicated Alfonso and placed an interdict over León.

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Pope Innocent V
The Blessed Pope Innocent V (c. 1225 – 22 June 1276), born Pierre de Tarentaise, was Pope from 21 January 1276 until his death.
He was born around 1225 near Moûtiers in the Tarentaise region of the County of Savoy, then part of the Kingdom of Arles in the Holy Roman Empire, but now in southeastern France. In early life, he joined the Dominican Order, in which he acquired great fame as a preacher. At the papal conclave of January 1276 he became the first member of that order to become Pope. The only noteworthy feature of his brief and uneventful pontificate was the practical form assumed by his desire for reunion with the Eastern Church. He was proceeding to send legates to Michael VIII Palaeologus, the Byzantine emperor, in connection with the recent decisions of the Second Council of Lyons, when he died at Rome. Pope Innocent V was the author of several works of philosophy, theology, and canon law, including commentaries on the Pauline epistles and on the Sentences of Peter Lombard. He is sometimes referred to as famosissimus doctor.

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Wikipedia Persondata
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This article is about the Cistercian bishop of Tarentaise. For the pope, see Pope Innocent V.

Saint Peter of Tarentaise
Bishop
Born	1102 Saint-Maurice-l'Exil, France
Died	1174 Bellevaux Abbey, France
Honored in	Roman Catholic Church
Canonized	1191 by Pope Celestine III
Feast	8 May

Peter of Tarentaise (1102–1174) was a Roman Catholic abbot and bishop. He has been declared a saint and his feast day is May 8.

Biography [link]

Peter was born in 1102 at Saint-Maurice-l'Exil, France, near Vienne, a town in the Rhône-Alpes mountains. He joined the Cistercian monastic order, and in so doing set a model for several other members of his family. In 1132, he became the abbot of the monastery at Tamié in the Tarentaise area of Savoy, France. In 1142, he reluctantly accepted the position as the Bishop of Tarentaise. In that capacity, he applied the Cistercian principles he had learned as an abbott to restore the then-decaying diocese, and met with a good deal of success.

His specific concerns included the welfare of travelers to and from Switzerland and Italy. For their convenience, he rebuilt an inadequate hospice at Little St Bernard Pass. He also funded a charity which distributed food to farms in the surrounding hills during May. This would take the name of pain de Mai ("May bread") and became a tradition continued in the region until the French Revolution.

Peter does not seem to have been particularly happy as a bishop, however. It was reported that in 1155 he disappeared for a year, only to be found in a remote abbey in Switzerland. He also frequently visited the Grand Chartreuse monastery while bishop. There, he was looked after by a monk who would later become known as Saint Hugh of Lincoln.

Peter also worked on behalf of Pope Alexander III in his struggles with Antipope Victor, who was contending for the position of Pope. Because of these efforts, Peter was later appointed to assist in negotiations between King Louis VII of France and King Henry II of England. He died while doing so, at the monastery at Bellevaux, France, in 1174.

Veneration [link]

He is venerated as a saint by the Roman Catholic Church, having been canonized in 1191. His feast day is May 8.

References [link]

Attwater, Donald and Catherine Rachel John. The Penguin Dictionary of Saints. London:Penguin Books, 3rd edition, 1995. ISBN 0-14-051312-4.
Rabenstein, Katherine (August 1999). "Peter of Tarentaise, OSB Cist. B". Saints O' the Day for May 8. Archived from the original on 2007-02-06. http://www.saintpatrickdc.org/ss/0508.shtml. Retrieved 2012-02-23.

Persondata
Name	Peter Of Tarentaise
Alternative names
Short description
Date of birth	1102
Place of birth	Saint-Maurice-l'Exil, France
Date of death	1174
Place of death	Bellevaux Abbey, France

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