ESS: Electronic Switching System 1965 Western Electric Telephone Technology

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• published: 17 Feb 2015
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more at http://scitech.quickfound.net 'Title refers to: Electronic Switching System. Great footage of 1960s technological breakthroughs with silicon semiconductors; early microscopic manufacturing; great early Silicon Valley solid-state manufacturing technology breakthroughs, and early nanotechnology. Great footage high tech electronics assembly; silicon crystals, transistors, circuitry, early computer-industry related technology. ...CU blinking orange-red light, camera pans down machine control panel, disembodied finger presses red switch. Great ...VS BW stock footage of women and men in 1930s working in factory manufacturing telephone parts. ...Pan down row of 1960s women looking into microscopes assembling telephone parts; CU pin of precision device used to produce tiny part; woman sticks arms into gloves extending into controlled vacuum chamber glass chamber, camera pans out to show various women working on similar tasks down row; women with drill in pieces on large board of electronics, camera pans over women with drills working on electronics switching system. ...Pan down wall of ESS electronic telephone service electronics and electronic magnetized memory banks; animated diagram shows how ESS works superimposed over wall of magnetized memory card bank. ...Zoom in on stored program control unit; memory unit Twistor module moves down conveyor line, male and female workers use microscopes and magnifying glasses to look at memory unit; CU machine producing special Twistor wire; VS long thing metal Twistor wires move along machine passing through mylar polyethylene belts... ...Great shot machine dropping tiny metal reeds into racks progressed forward on conveyor line... ...CU worker examines ferried switches under microscope. ...Spinning molten furnace producing silicon crystals; camera zooms on man removing silicon crystal from machine... ...Camera pans out from electronic box with blink yellow light room of women at work looking through hi-tech microscopes and assembly solid state components... ...Woman testing semiconductors using electronic monitor; VS women assembling circuit boards; machine rapidly shakes board of ESS coils... ...Large spool of punched tape for computer system. ...CU disembodied hand holding drill drills in wire and patches it to other part of switch board; pan down rows and rows of men working on huge banks of wiring of ESS switchboard. Great shots of early metal film production using photo emulsion process; Nikon shadowgraph is used to check resistor pattern; CU resistor pattern on shadowgraph... ...CU molten furnace producing silicon crystal. ' Public domain film from the Prelinger Archives, slightly cropped to remove uneven edges, with the aspect ratio corrected, and mild video noise reduction applied. The soundtrack was also processed with volume normalization, noise reduction, clipping reduction, and/or equalization (the resulting sound, though not perfect, is far less noisy than the original). http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/ http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electronic_switching_system In telecommunications, an electronic switching system (ESS) is a telephone switch that uses digital electronics and computerized control to interconnect telephone circuits for the purpose of establishing telephone calls. The generations of telephone switches before the advent of electronic switching in the 1950s used purely electro-mechanical relay systems and analog voice paths. These early machines typically utilized the step-by-step technique. The first generation of electronic switching systems in the 1960s were not entirely digital in nature, but used reed relay-operated metallic paths or crossbar switches operated by stored program control (SPC) systems. First announced in 1955, the first customer trial installation of an all-electronic central office commenced in Morris, Illinois in November 1960 by Bell Laboratories. The first prominent large-scale electronic switching system was the Number One Electronic Switching System (1ESS) of the Bell System in the United States, introduced in Succasunna, New Jersey, in May 1965. Later electronic switching systems implemented the digital representation of the electrical audio signals on subscriber loops by digitizing the analog signals and processing the resulting data for transmission between central offices. Time-division multiplexing (TDM) technology permitted the simultaneous transmission of multiple telephone calls on a single wire connection between central offices or other electronic switches, resulting in dramatic capacity improvements of the telephone network... In the late 20th century most telephone exchanges without TDM processing were eliminated and the term electronic switching system became largely a historical distinction for the older SPC systems...