John Graham Lake (March 18,
1870 --
September 16, 1935), usually known as
John G. Lake, was a Canadian--American leader in the
Pentecostal movement that began in the early
20th century, and is known as a faith healer, missionary, and with
Thomas Hezmalhalch, co-founder of the
Apostolic Faith Mission of
South Africa. Through his 1908--13 African missionary work,
Lake played a decisive role in the spread of Pentecostalism in southern
Africa, the most successful southern African religious movement of the 20th century. After completing his missionary work in Africa, Lake evangelized for 20 years, primarily along the west coast of the
United States setting up "healing rooms" and healing campaigns, and establishing churches. Lake was influenced by the healing ministry of
John Alexander Dowie and the ministry of
Charles Parham.
Lake was born in
St. Mary's, Ontario,
Canada[4] into a large family, 16 siblings, which was continually affected with illness, and his memory of childhood was that there was always someone in the house either sick, dying or dead. In 1891, at the age of twenty-one, he was ordained into
Methodist ministry however, but chose to enter the business world instead of accepting a church ministry.
According to Lake, he became an industrious businessman and started two newspapers, the
Harvey Citizen in
Harvey, Illinois and the Soo
Times in
Sault Ste. Marie, Michigan, before beginning a successful career in real estate, and later, becoming a millionaire in life insurance dealings.
Historian Barry Morton found no evidence that Lake ever owned the two newspapers, citing sources which indicate the Harvey Citizen was founded by the Harvey township,[5] and the Soo Times was started by
George A. Ferris and owned by
Ferris & Scott Publishers Morton further alleges that Lake exaggerated his business career, and that "clear evidence" shows Lake instead worked as a small-scale contractor, roofer and "house-flipper".
In February 1893, Lake married
Jennie Stevens of
Newberry, Michigan. 1897-98, Jennie became mortally ill with an incurable disease. By this time Lake had been bereaved of eight of his 16 siblings, so he became determined to save his wife's life. Lake reports that his wife was miraculously healed through the prayers of John Alexander Dowie. In
1901 he relocated his family to
Zion, Illinois, for the purpose of studying divine healing under Dowie.
With Thomas Hezmalhalch, Lake founded the Apostolic Faith Mission of South Africa (
AFM) in
1908 and carried on missionary work from 1908-13. According to the AFM, Lake and Hezmalhalch did not introduce Pentecostalism to South Africa, but united those who did have a "Pentecostal experience" or baptism of the
Holy Spirit. Morton writes "Lake was instrumental in spreading this fusion of
Zionism/Pentecotalism that is unique to southern Africa
... about half of southern
African Christians today are adherents of it... Lake played a decisive role in the spreading of this 'second evangelization'." Lake's movement attracted many of the early Zionists led by Pieter L. Le Roux of
Wakkerstroom. Le Roux took over the leadership of the Apostolic Faith Mission when Lake returned to
America, and Le Roux led it for 30 years.
Just six months after Lake's arrival in South Africa, his first wife, Jennie, died
on December 22, 1908. Lake recorded that she died of a stroke. He continued his work in Africa for another four years, raising his seven children with the help of his sister
Irene.
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- published: 22 Oct 2013
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