United States Armed Forces 2015 - Most Expensive Armed Forces In The World - U.S Military Power 2015
United States Armed Forces
The United States Armed Forces are the federal military forces of the
United States. They consist of the
Army, Navy,
Marine Corps,
Air Force, and
Coast Guard. The United States has a strong tradition of civilian control of the military.
The President of the United States is the military's overall head, and helps form military policy with the
U.S. Department of Defense (DoD), a federal executive department, acting as the principal organ by which military policy is carried out. The DoD is headed by the
Secretary of Defense, who is a civilian and
Cabinet member.
The Defense Secretary is second in the military's chain of command, just below the
President, and serves as the principal assistant to the President in all DoD-related matters. To coordinate military action with diplomacy, the President has an advisory
National Security Council headed by a
National Security Advisor. Both the President and Secretary of Defense are advised by a seven-member
Joint Chiefs of Staff, which includes the head of each of the
Defense Department's service branches as well as the chief of the
National Guard Bureau.
Leadership is provided by the
Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff and the
Vice Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff.
The Commandant of the Coast Guard is not a member of the Joint Chiefs of Staff.
Personnel
As of 31 December 2013, 1,
369,532 people were on active duty in the armed forces, with an additional 850,880 people in the seven reserve components. It is an all-volunteer military, but conscription through the
Selective Service System can be enacted at the President's request and
Congress' approval. All males ages 18 through 25 who are living in the United States are required to register with the
Selective Service for a potential future draft.
The U.S. military is the world's second largest, after
China's People's Liberation Army, and has troops deployed around the globe.
From
1776 until
September 2012, a total of 40 million people have served in the United States Armed Forces.
In early
2007,
Secretary of Defense Robert Gates proposed an increase in the overall size of the
Army and Marine Corps to meet the needs of the
War on Terrorism.
Current plans are to increase the Army to 547,400 and the Marine Corps to 202,
000 by
2012. The expansion will cost a total of $90.7 billion between 2009 and 2013 as the
Navy and Air Force undergo a limited force reduction. In addition, in 2009,
Gates proposed increasing the size of the Army by 22,000 troops in order to reduce fatigue from multiple trips overseas, and to compensate for troops who are in recovery away from their units. The FY
2011 DoD budget request plan calls for an active military end strength of 1.4 million, an increase of 77,
500 from the 2007 baseline as a result of increments in
the Army (65,000 more troops) and Marine Corps (27,
100 more troops) strength and decrements in the Navy (13,
300 fewer troops) and
Air Force (1,300 fewer troops) strength.
As in most militaries, members of the
U.S. military hold a rank, either that of officer, warrant, or enlisted, to determine seniority and eligibility for promotion. Those who have served are known as veterans.
Rank names may be different between services, but they are matched to each other by their corresponding paygrade.
Officers who hold the same rank or paygrade are distinguished by their date of rank to determine seniority, while officers who serve in certain positions of office of importance set by law, outrank all other officers in active duty of the same rank and paygrade, regardless of their date of rank. Due to a declining supply of qualified recruits, the differing needs of the
U.S. education system and the military, and the quality of primary and secondary education in the United States, the armed forces have considered seeking foreign recruits who are qualified in math and science by offering accelerated citizenship for example.
Currently, only one in four persons in the United States of the proper age meet the moral, academic and physical standards for military service.
Source:
Wikipedia
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