- published: 20 Oct 2014
- views: 420241
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Historical facts and Comparisons: How many times Muslims invaded Europe vs. Europeans invaded Muslim countries.
Islamics Launched their Crusades in 630 A.D. Western Crusades started in 1095 A.D. to Stop Muslim Invasion. Crusades were a defensive action against the forcible expansion of Islam into territories that had been part of Christendom for centuries.
The Crusades were started by the Muslims in the year 630 A.D. when Muhammad invaded and conquered Mecca. Later on, Muslims invaded Syria, Iraq, Jerusalem, Iran, Egypt, Africa, Spain, Italy, France, etc. The Western Crusades started around 1095 to try to stop the Islamic aggressive invasions. Islamic Crusades continued even after the Western Crusade. Islam has killed about 270 million people: 120 million Africans*, 60 million Christians, 80 million Hindus, 10 million Buddhists, etc.
http://factreal.wordpress.com/2010/02/12/muslim-crusades-started-four-centuries-before-the-western-crusades/
Thank you Jelena for video!!!!!
The Early Middle Ages, 284--1000 (HIST 210)
In this lecture, Professor Freedman discusses the Islamic conquests. Although they were in some sense religiously motivated, Arab did not attempt to forcibly convert or eradicate Jews, Christians, or other non-Muslims. The conquests began as raids, but quickly escalated when the invaders discovered that Byzantium and Persia were too weak to withstand their assault. In a relatively short period of time, the Arabs were able to conquer an area stretching from Spain to India. Against this background of successful conquests, Islam began to experience deep internal divisions. These began as criticisms of the election of Mohammed's successors, but broadened to criticize the Caliphate and the ruling family. Out of this strife came the division between Sunni and Shiite Muslims. Professor Freedman concludes the lecture with observations on the increasingly non-Arab Muslim populations.
00:00 - Chapter 1. Introduction: Apparent Paradoxes of Islamic Conquest
04:01 - Chapter 2. Mohammed's Successors and the Beginnings of Conquest
10:08 - Chapter 3. Factors Favoring Arab Conquest
18:43 - Chapter 4. Arab Conquests
25:05 - Chapter 5. Internal Divisions
Complete course materials are available at the Yale Online website: online.yale.edu
This course was recorded in Fall 2011.
- published: 05 Apr 2012
- views: 83606
Since the 1st century BC, the Romans and Parthians had waged a number of wars that lasted for the centuries. In fact these military campaigns outlasted the empires themselves. Both the Roman and Parthian Empires reformed and were replaced by the Byzantine and Sassanid Empires, respectively. These two new superpowers continued their territorial disputes and military confrontations for centuries. But the Sassanids and Byzantines also had various proxy wars, in which they attempted to start rebellions in the opponent's holdings. One example of this was the Byzantine client state the Ghassanids and the Sassanid client state the Lakhmids. These client states served as a buffer zone against the Southern Arab raiders. And both these client states were Arab in origin, but the Ghassanids were Christian Arabs whereas the Lakhmids aimed to unite all the Arabs under one kingdom. In fact the last independent ruler of the Lakhmids, Imru' al-Qais, claimed the title of "King of all the Arabs." This vision of Arab unity would not be realized for centuries, until the rise of Islam and the consolidation of the Rashidun Caliphate, in 632. Once the caliphate was established the Lakhmids were quick to join their Arab brethren. But this made the Sassanids very anxious, as they had lost their buffer zone and client state. And so the Sassanid rulers decided to stir up rebellions in the region. These provocations lead to the declaration of a Jihad against the Sassanid Persian Empire by Caliph Umar. At the time this seemed like an ant declaring war against a lion. That is how the Persians mistakenly perceived it.
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- published: 22 Sep 2013
- views: 334547
According to traditional accounts, the Muslim conquests (Arabic: الغزوات, al-Ġazawāt or Arabic: الفتوحات الإسلامية, al-Futūḥāt al-Islāmiyya) also referred to as the Islamic conquests or Arab conquests, began with the Islamic prophet Muhammad in the 7th century. He established a new unified polity in the Arabian Peninsula which under the subsequent Rashidun (The Rightly Guided Caliphs) and Umayyad Caliphates saw a century of rapid expansion of Muslim power.
They grew well beyond the Arabian Peninsula in the form of a Muslim empire with an area of influence that stretched from the borders of China and the Indian subcontinent, across Central Asia, the Middle East, North Africa, Sicily, and the Iberian Peninsula, to the Pyrenees. Edward Gibbon writes in The History of the Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire:
Under the last of the Umayyad, the Arabian empire extended two hundred days journey from east to west, from the confines of Tartary and India to the shores of the Atlantic Ocean. And if we retrench the sleeve of the robe, as it is styled by their writers, the long and narrow province of march of a caravan. We should vainly seek the indissoluble union and easy obedience that pervaded the government of Augustus and the Antonines; but the progress of Islam diffused over this ample space a general resemblance of manners and opinions. The language and laws of the Quran were studied with equal devotion at Samarcand and Seville: the Moor and the Indian embraced as countrymen and brothers in the pilgrimage of Mecca; and the Arabian language was adopted as the popular idiom in all the provinces to the westward of the Tigris.
The Muslim conquests brought about the collapse of the Sassanid Empire and a great territorial loss for the Byzantine Empire. The reasons for the Muslim success are hard to reconstruct in hindsight, primarily because only fragmentary sources from the period have survived. Most historians agree that the Sassanid Persian and Byzantine Roman empires were militarily and economically exhausted from decades of fighting one another. The rapid fall of Visigothic Spain remains less easily explicable.
Some Jews and Christians in the Sassanid Empire and Jews and Monophysites in Syria were dissatisfied and initially sometimes even welcomed the Muslim forces, largely because of religious conflict in both empires. In the case of Byzantine Egypt, Palestine and Syria, these lands had only a few years before being reacquired from the Persians, and had not been ruled by the Byzantines for over 25 years.
Fred McGraw Donner, however, suggests that formation of a state in the Arabian peninsula and ideological (i.e. religious) coherence and mobilization was a primary reason why the Muslim armies in the space of a hundred years were able to establish the largest pre-modern empire until that time. The estimates for the size of the Islamic Caliphate suggest it was more than thirteen million square kilometers (five million square miles), making it larger than all current states except the Russian Federation.
Frontier warfare continued in the form of cross border raids between the Umayyads and the Byzantine Isaurian dynasty allied with the Khazars across Asia Minor. Byzantine naval dominance and Greek fire resulted in a major victory at the Battle of Akroinon (739); one of a series of military failures of the Caliph Hisham ibn Abd al-Malik across the empire that checked the expansion of the Umayyads and hastened their fall.
In the reign of Yazdgerd III, the last Sassanid ruler of the Persian Empire, an Arab Muslim army secured the conquest of Persia after their decisive defeats of the Sassanid army at the Battle of Walaja in 633 and Battle of al-Qādisiyyah in 636, but the final military victory didn't come until 642 when the Persian army was defeated at the Battle of Nahāvand. These victories brought Persia (modern Iran), Assyria (Assuristan) and Mesopotamia (modern Iraq) and south east Anatolia under Arab Muslim rule. Then, in 651, Yazdgerd III was murdered at Merv, ending the dynasty. His son Peroz II escaped through the Pamir Mountains in what is now Tajikistan and arrived in Tang China.
- published: 03 Feb 2014
- views: 18792
https://www.facebook.com/pages/Real-Crusades-History/220051141405247
For the full series:
https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLPq6iUifPrJa9RMdQXe--Gd9cXqXsQb_Z
Donate to support Crusades history:
https://www.paypal.com/cgi-bin/webscr?cmd=_s-xclick&hosted;_button_id=GL77L7KZRK4JY
Transcript with footnotes:
By 639, Islam's growing new caliphate included the Arabian Peninsula, Syria, Palestine, and most of Mesopotamia. The Muslims had delivered a devastating blow to the Christian Byzantine Empire, and they were well on their way to completely conquering all of the Zoroastrian Persian Empire.
For the time being the Byzantines had withdrawn from Syria and Palestine. The Muslims now had full control over the region, occupying crucial cities like Jerusalem and Damascus. They subjected the helpless common people of these regions to a long period of plunder and slave-raids (Michel le Syrien, 2: 418).
Michael the Syrian, an Armenian chronicler, recounts the events:
"Umar (ibn al-Khattab) sent Khalid (ibn Walid) with an army to the Aleppo and Antioch region. There, they murdered a large number of people. No one escaped them. Whatever may be said of the evils that Syria suffered, they cannot be recounted because of their great number; for the Taiyaye (the Arabs) were the great rod of God's wrath."
-Chronique de Michel le Syrien, trans. From Syriac by Jean-Baptiste Chabot (Paris, 1901), 2: 421.
Congruent with their conquest of Byzantine Syria, the Muslims attacked the Persian Empire, which greatly impacted not only the Zoroastrian Persians, but also the various Christian peoples settled within these territories (Bat Ye'or, The Decline of Eastern Christianity Under Islam, from Jihad to Dhimmitude (London, 1996), 46).
The attack on the Persians was first concentrated in the south, around Ubulla, and somewhat farther north on the Euphrates, close to Hira. Arab Christian tribes long settled in Mesopotamia collaborated with the Persians in the defense (Fred McGraw Donner, The Early Islamic Conquests (Princeton, 1981), 117). However, other Arabs living in the area, attracted by the prospect of plunder, took up with the Muslims, acting as a valuable internal source to the invaders (Francois Nau, Les Arabes Chretians de Mesopotamie et de Syria du VII au VIIIe siècle (Paris, 1933), 100-13). As an example, the Banu Ijill tribe sent messages to the Caliph Umar at Medina about areas of weakness in the Persian territories ripe for assault (Bat Ye'or, 46).
Overwhelming the Persian forces with raids on a mass scale, the Arabs were able to expand their pillaging into the southcentral villages of Iraq, around Mada'in. In November of 636 the Arabs faced the main Persian army at the Battle of al-Qadisiyya. It was a decisive victory for the Arabs which broke Persian power in Iraq. Once again, the Arabs now had free access to the farms and countryside, pillaging and grabbing slaves everywhere (Donner, 210). Umar sent reinforcements from Medina to maximize the capturing of booty (Bat Ye'or, 46).
A Muslim source, Ibn al-Balkhi, writing during the fourteenth century, documented these events:
"In the early days of Islam, after Fars (Persia) had been conquered (by the Arabs), for a time there was nothing but massacre and pillage and all things were taken by force, but at length matters quieted down, and the ruin and the disorder that had overspread the land began to be amended."
-Ibn al Balkhi, in Guy Le Strange, Description of the Province of the Fars in Persia at the beginning of the fourteenth century A.D. (London, 1912), 83.
The Arabs pillaged the local monasteries, slaughtering the monks, while they massacred, enslaved, or forcibly Islamized the Monophysite Christian Arabs (Michel le Syrien, 403-4, 413). In Elam the population was decimated, the upper classes put to the sword (Bat Ye'or, Decline of Christianity Under Islam, 46).
By 642 the Arab conquest of Mesopotamia was complete.
- published: 06 Jun 2014
- views: 49827
Covering the conquests during the Rashidun Caliphate. I will probably do a separate video on the First Fitna.
Thanks for the 15,000 subs. And thanks to Xios, Alan Haskayne, Lachlan Lindenmayer, Derpvic, Seth Reeves and all my other Patrons. If you want to help out - https://www.patreon.com/Jabzy?ty=h
- published: 14 Dec 2015
- views: 30424
Donate to support Crusades history:
https://www.paypal.com/cgi-bin/webscr?cmd=_s-xclick&hosted;_button_id=GL77L7KZRK4JY
For the full series:
https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLPq6iUifPrJa9RMdQXe--Gd9cXqXsQb_Z
https://www.facebook.com/pages/Real-Crusades-History/220051141405247
- published: 18 Jun 2014
- views: 42385
A must see for everyone in the west, who feel that their democratic way of life is threatened by an ancient barbarian cult!
Directed by Robert H. Gardner. With Ben Kingsley
- published: 07 Aug 2009
- views: 11752
Muslim conquests (Arabic: الغزوات, al-Ġazawāt or Arabic: الفتوحات الإسلامية, al-Fatūḥāt al-Islāmiyya) also referred to as the Islamic conquests or Arab conquests, began with the Islamic prophet Muhammad. He established a new unified polity in the Arabian Peninsula which under the subsequent Rashidun (The Rightly Guided Caliphs) and Umayyad Caliphates saw a century of rapid expansion of Muslim power.
They grew well beyond the Arabian Peninsula in the form of a Muslim Empire with an area of influence that stretched from the borders of China and the Indian subcontinent, across Central Asia, the Middle East, North Africa, Sicily, and the Iberian Peninsula, to the Pyrenees. Edward Gibbon writes in The History of the Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire:
Under the last of the Umayyad, the Arabian empire extended two hundred days’ journey from east to west, from the confines of Tartary and India to the shores of the Atlantic Ocean. And if we retrench the sleeve of the robe, as it is styled by their writers, the long and narrow province of march of a caravan. We should vainly seek the indissoluble union and easy obedience that pervaded the government of Augustus and the Antonines; but the progress of Islam diffused over this ample space a general resemblance of manners and opinions. The language and laws of the Quran were studied with equal devotion at Samarcand and Seville: the Moor and the Indian embraced as countrymen and brothers in the pilgrimage of Mecca; and the Arabian language was adopted as the popular idiom in all the provinces to the westward of the Tigris.
This page contains text from Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia -
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muslim_conquests
This article is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License, which means that you can copy and modify it as long as the entire work (including additions) remains under this license.
This article is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License, which means that you can copy and modify it as long as the entire work (including additions) remains under this license.
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3:44How many times Muslims invaded Europe vs. Europeans invaded Muslim countries?
How many times Muslims invaded Europe vs. Europeans invaded Muslim countries?How many times Muslims invaded Europe vs. Europeans invaded Muslim countries?
Historical facts and Comparisons: How many times Muslims invaded Europe vs. Europeans invaded Muslim countries. Islamics Launched their Crusades in 630 A.D. Western Crusades started in 1095 A.D. to Stop Muslim Invasion. Crusades were a defensive action against the forcible expansion of Islam into territories that had been part of Christendom for centuries. The Crusades were started by the Muslims in the year 630 A.D. when Muhammad invaded and conquered Mecca. Later on, Muslims invaded Syria, Iraq, Jerusalem, Iran, Egypt, Africa, Spain, Italy, France, etc. The Western Crusades started around 1095 to try to stop the Islamic aggressive invasions. Islamic Crusades continued even after the Western Crusade. Islam has killed about 270 million people: 120 million Africans*, 60 million Christians, 80 million Hindus, 10 million Buddhists, etc. http://factreal.wordpress.com/2010/02/12/muslim-crusades-started-four-centuries-before-the-western-crusades/ Thank you Jelena for video!!!!! -
1:16Map of Muslim Conquests (Islamic Conquests) (632 AD-655 AD)
Map of Muslim Conquests (Islamic Conquests) (632 AD-655 AD)Map of Muslim Conquests (Islamic Conquests) (632 AD-655 AD)
After Muhammad's death in Medina the Muslim Conquests began. -
49:4415. Islamic Conquests and Civil War
15. Islamic Conquests and Civil War15. Islamic Conquests and Civil War
The Early Middle Ages, 284--1000 (HIST 210) In this lecture, Professor Freedman discusses the Islamic conquests. Although they were in some sense religiously motivated, Arab did not attempt to forcibly convert or eradicate Jews, Christians, or other non-Muslims. The conquests began as raids, but quickly escalated when the invaders discovered that Byzantium and Persia were too weak to withstand their assault. In a relatively short period of time, the Arabs were able to conquer an area stretching from Spain to India. Against this background of successful conquests, Islam began to experience deep internal divisions. These began as criticisms of the election of Mohammed's successors, but broadened to criticize the Caliphate and the ruling family. Out of this strife came the division between Sunni and Shiite Muslims. Professor Freedman concludes the lecture with observations on the increasingly non-Arab Muslim populations. 00:00 - Chapter 1. Introduction: Apparent Paradoxes of Islamic Conquest 04:01 - Chapter 2. Mohammed's Successors and the Beginnings of Conquest 10:08 - Chapter 3. Factors Favoring Arab Conquest 18:43 - Chapter 4. Arab Conquests 25:05 - Chapter 5. Internal Divisions Complete course materials are available at the Yale Online website: online.yale.edu This course was recorded in Fall 2011. -
11:20Islamic conquest of Persia
Islamic conquest of PersiaIslamic conquest of Persia
Since the 1st century BC, the Romans and Parthians had waged a number of wars that lasted for the centuries. In fact these military campaigns outlasted the empires themselves. Both the Roman and Parthian Empires reformed and were replaced by the Byzantine and Sassanid Empires, respectively. These two new superpowers continued their territorial disputes and military confrontations for centuries. But the Sassanids and Byzantines also had various proxy wars, in which they attempted to start rebellions in the opponent's holdings. One example of this was the Byzantine client state the Ghassanids and the Sassanid client state the Lakhmids. These client states served as a buffer zone against the Southern Arab raiders. And both these client states were Arab in origin, but the Ghassanids were Christian Arabs whereas the Lakhmids aimed to unite all the Arabs under one kingdom. In fact the last independent ruler of the Lakhmids, Imru' al-Qais, claimed the title of "King of all the Arabs." This vision of Arab unity would not be realized for centuries, until the rise of Islam and the consolidation of the Rashidun Caliphate, in 632. Once the caliphate was established the Lakhmids were quick to join their Arab brethren. But this made the Sassanids very anxious, as they had lost their buffer zone and client state. And so the Sassanid rulers decided to stir up rebellions in the region. These provocations lead to the declaration of a Jihad against the Sassanid Persian Empire by Caliph Umar. At the time this seemed like an ant declaring war against a lion. That is how the Persians mistakenly perceived it. Follow us on Facebook: https://facebook.com/caspianReport Follow us on Twitter: https://twitter.com/caspianreport -
24:24Muslim Conquests And Spread Of Islam
Muslim Conquests And Spread Of IslamMuslim Conquests And Spread Of Islam
According to traditional accounts, the Muslim conquests (Arabic: الغزوات, al-Ġazawāt or Arabic: الفتوحات الإسلامية, al-Futūḥāt al-Islāmiyya) also referred to as the Islamic conquests or Arab conquests, began with the Islamic prophet Muhammad in the 7th century. He established a new unified polity in the Arabian Peninsula which under the subsequent Rashidun (The Rightly Guided Caliphs) and Umayyad Caliphates saw a century of rapid expansion of Muslim power. They grew well beyond the Arabian Peninsula in the form of a Muslim empire with an area of influence that stretched from the borders of China and the Indian subcontinent, across Central Asia, the Middle East, North Africa, Sicily, and the Iberian Peninsula, to the Pyrenees. Edward Gibbon writes in The History of the Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire: Under the last of the Umayyad, the Arabian empire extended two hundred days journey from east to west, from the confines of Tartary and India to the shores of the Atlantic Ocean. And if we retrench the sleeve of the robe, as it is styled by their writers, the long and narrow province of march of a caravan. We should vainly seek the indissoluble union and easy obedience that pervaded the government of Augustus and the Antonines; but the progress of Islam diffused over this ample space a general resemblance of manners and opinions. The language and laws of the Quran were studied with equal devotion at Samarcand and Seville: the Moor and the Indian embraced as countrymen and brothers in the pilgrimage of Mecca; and the Arabian language was adopted as the popular idiom in all the provinces to the westward of the Tigris. The Muslim conquests brought about the collapse of the Sassanid Empire and a great territorial loss for the Byzantine Empire. The reasons for the Muslim success are hard to reconstruct in hindsight, primarily because only fragmentary sources from the period have survived. Most historians agree that the Sassanid Persian and Byzantine Roman empires were militarily and economically exhausted from decades of fighting one another. The rapid fall of Visigothic Spain remains less easily explicable. Some Jews and Christians in the Sassanid Empire and Jews and Monophysites in Syria were dissatisfied and initially sometimes even welcomed the Muslim forces, largely because of religious conflict in both empires. In the case of Byzantine Egypt, Palestine and Syria, these lands had only a few years before being reacquired from the Persians, and had not been ruled by the Byzantines for over 25 years. Fred McGraw Donner, however, suggests that formation of a state in the Arabian peninsula and ideological (i.e. religious) coherence and mobilization was a primary reason why the Muslim armies in the space of a hundred years were able to establish the largest pre-modern empire until that time. The estimates for the size of the Islamic Caliphate suggest it was more than thirteen million square kilometers (five million square miles), making it larger than all current states except the Russian Federation. Frontier warfare continued in the form of cross border raids between the Umayyads and the Byzantine Isaurian dynasty allied with the Khazars across Asia Minor. Byzantine naval dominance and Greek fire resulted in a major victory at the Battle of Akroinon (739); one of a series of military failures of the Caliph Hisham ibn Abd al-Malik across the empire that checked the expansion of the Umayyads and hastened their fall. In the reign of Yazdgerd III, the last Sassanid ruler of the Persian Empire, an Arab Muslim army secured the conquest of Persia after their decisive defeats of the Sassanid army at the Battle of Walaja in 633 and Battle of al-Qādisiyyah in 636, but the final military victory didn't come until 642 when the Persian army was defeated at the Battle of Nahāvand. These victories brought Persia (modern Iran), Assyria (Assuristan) and Mesopotamia (modern Iraq) and south east Anatolia under Arab Muslim rule. Then, in 651, Yazdgerd III was murdered at Merv, ending the dynasty. His son Peroz II escaped through the Pamir Mountains in what is now Tajikistan and arrived in Tang China. -
4:53Muslim Conquest of Persian Mesopotamia and the Occupation of Christian Syria, 635-642
Muslim Conquest of Persian Mesopotamia and the Occupation of Christian Syria, 635-642Muslim Conquest of Persian Mesopotamia and the Occupation of Christian Syria, 635-642
https://www.facebook.com/pages/Real-Crusades-History/220051141405247 For the full series: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLPq6iUifPrJa9RMdQXe--Gd9cXqXsQb_Z Donate to support Crusades history: https://www.paypal.com/cgi-bin/webscr?cmd=_s-xclick&hosted;_button_id=GL77L7KZRK4JY Transcript with footnotes: By 639, Islam's growing new caliphate included the Arabian Peninsula, Syria, Palestine, and most of Mesopotamia. The Muslims had delivered a devastating blow to the Christian Byzantine Empire, and they were well on their way to completely conquering all of the Zoroastrian Persian Empire. For the time being the Byzantines had withdrawn from Syria and Palestine. The Muslims now had full control over the region, occupying crucial cities like Jerusalem and Damascus. They subjected the helpless common people of these regions to a long period of plunder and slave-raids (Michel le Syrien, 2: 418). Michael the Syrian, an Armenian chronicler, recounts the events: "Umar (ibn al-Khattab) sent Khalid (ibn Walid) with an army to the Aleppo and Antioch region. There, they murdered a large number of people. No one escaped them. Whatever may be said of the evils that Syria suffered, they cannot be recounted because of their great number; for the Taiyaye (the Arabs) were the great rod of God's wrath." -Chronique de Michel le Syrien, trans. From Syriac by Jean-Baptiste Chabot (Paris, 1901), 2: 421. Congruent with their conquest of Byzantine Syria, the Muslims attacked the Persian Empire, which greatly impacted not only the Zoroastrian Persians, but also the various Christian peoples settled within these territories (Bat Ye'or, The Decline of Eastern Christianity Under Islam, from Jihad to Dhimmitude (London, 1996), 46). The attack on the Persians was first concentrated in the south, around Ubulla, and somewhat farther north on the Euphrates, close to Hira. Arab Christian tribes long settled in Mesopotamia collaborated with the Persians in the defense (Fred McGraw Donner, The Early Islamic Conquests (Princeton, 1981), 117). However, other Arabs living in the area, attracted by the prospect of plunder, took up with the Muslims, acting as a valuable internal source to the invaders (Francois Nau, Les Arabes Chretians de Mesopotamie et de Syria du VII au VIIIe siècle (Paris, 1933), 100-13). As an example, the Banu Ijill tribe sent messages to the Caliph Umar at Medina about areas of weakness in the Persian territories ripe for assault (Bat Ye'or, 46). Overwhelming the Persian forces with raids on a mass scale, the Arabs were able to expand their pillaging into the southcentral villages of Iraq, around Mada'in. In November of 636 the Arabs faced the main Persian army at the Battle of al-Qadisiyya. It was a decisive victory for the Arabs which broke Persian power in Iraq. Once again, the Arabs now had free access to the farms and countryside, pillaging and grabbing slaves everywhere (Donner, 210). Umar sent reinforcements from Medina to maximize the capturing of booty (Bat Ye'or, 46). A Muslim source, Ibn al-Balkhi, writing during the fourteenth century, documented these events: "In the early days of Islam, after Fars (Persia) had been conquered (by the Arabs), for a time there was nothing but massacre and pillage and all things were taken by force, but at length matters quieted down, and the ruin and the disorder that had overspread the land began to be amended." -Ibn al Balkhi, in Guy Le Strange, Description of the Province of the Fars in Persia at the beginning of the fourteenth century A.D. (London, 1912), 83. The Arabs pillaged the local monasteries, slaughtering the monks, while they massacred, enslaved, or forcibly Islamized the Monophysite Christian Arabs (Michel le Syrien, 403-4, 413). In Elam the population was decimated, the upper classes put to the sword (Bat Ye'or, Decline of Christianity Under Islam, 46). By 642 the Arab conquest of Mesopotamia was complete. -
4:53Early Arab Conquests | 3 Minute History
Early Arab Conquests | 3 Minute HistoryEarly Arab Conquests | 3 Minute History
Covering the conquests during the Rashidun Caliphate. I will probably do a separate video on the First Fitna. Thanks for the 15,000 subs. And thanks to Xios, Alan Haskayne, Lachlan Lindenmayer, Derpvic, Seth Reeves and all my other Patrons. If you want to help out - https://www.patreon.com/Jabzy?ty=h -
20:21Islamic conquest of India. Bloodiest in the history of World (Full)
Islamic conquest of India. Bloodiest in the history of World (Full)Islamic conquest of India. Bloodiest in the history of World (Full)
Islamic conquest of India. Bloodiest in the history of World -
6:56Arab Conquest of Egypt, 639-646
Arab Conquest of Egypt, 639-646Arab Conquest of Egypt, 639-646
Donate to support Crusades history: https://www.paypal.com/cgi-bin/webscr?cmd=_s-xclick&hosted;_button_id=GL77L7KZRK4JY For the full series: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLPq6iUifPrJa9RMdQXe--Gd9cXqXsQb_Z https://www.facebook.com/pages/Real-Crusades-History/220051141405247 -
10:20A Warning from History - Conquest of the Islamic Sword part 1 of 16
A Warning from History - Conquest of the Islamic Sword part 1 of 16A Warning from History - Conquest of the Islamic Sword part 1 of 16
A must see for everyone in the west, who feel that their democratic way of life is threatened by an ancient barbarian cult! Directed by Robert H. Gardner. With Ben Kingsley
- Abbasid
- Abbasid Caliphate
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-
How many times Muslims invaded Europe vs. Europeans invaded Muslim countries?
Historical facts and Comparisons: How many times Muslims invaded Europe vs. Europeans invaded Muslim countries. Islamics Launched their Crusades in 630 A.D. Western Crusades started in 1095 A.D. to Stop Muslim Invasion. Crusades were a defensive action against the forcible expansion of Islam into territories that had been part of Christendom for centuries. The Crusades were started by the Muslims in the year 630 A.D. when Muhammad invaded and conquered Mecca. Later on, Muslims invaded Syria, Iraq, Jerusalem, Iran, Egypt, Africa, Spain, Italy, France, etc. The Western Crusades started around 1095 to try to stop the Islamic aggressive invasions. Islamic Crusades continued even after the Western Crusade. Islam has killed about 270 million people: 120 million Africans*, 60 million Christians... -
Map of Muslim Conquests (Islamic Conquests) (632 AD-655 AD)
After Muhammad's death in Medina the Muslim Conquests began. -
15. Islamic Conquests and Civil War
The Early Middle Ages, 284--1000 (HIST 210) In this lecture, Professor Freedman discusses the Islamic conquests. Although they were in some sense religiously motivated, Arab did not attempt to forcibly convert or eradicate Jews, Christians, or other non-Muslims. The conquests began as raids, but quickly escalated when the invaders discovered that Byzantium and Persia were too weak to withstand their assault. In a relatively short period of time, the Arabs were able to conquer an area stretching from Spain to India. Against this background of successful conquests, Islam began to experience deep internal divisions. These began as criticisms of the election of Mohammed's successors, but broadened to criticize the Caliphate and the ruling family. Out of this strife came the division betwe... -
Islamic conquest of Persia
Since the 1st century BC, the Romans and Parthians had waged a number of wars that lasted for the centuries. In fact these military campaigns outlasted the empires themselves. Both the Roman and Parthian Empires reformed and were replaced by the Byzantine and Sassanid Empires, respectively. These two new superpowers continued their territorial disputes and military confrontations for centuries. But the Sassanids and Byzantines also had various proxy wars, in which they attempted to start rebellions in the opponent's holdings. One example of this was the Byzantine client state the Ghassanids and the Sassanid client state the Lakhmids. These client states served as a buffer zone against the Southern Arab raiders. And both these client states were Arab in origin, but the Ghassanids were Chris... -
Muslim Conquests And Spread Of Islam
According to traditional accounts, the Muslim conquests (Arabic: الغزوات, al-Ġazawāt or Arabic: الفتوحات الإسلامية, al-Futūḥāt al-Islāmiyya) also referred to as the Islamic conquests or Arab conquests, began with the Islamic prophet Muhammad in the 7th century. He established a new unified polity in the Arabian Peninsula which under the subsequent Rashidun (The Rightly Guided Caliphs) and Umayyad Caliphates saw a century of rapid expansion of Muslim power. They grew well beyond the Arabian Peninsula in the form of a Muslim empire with an area of influence that stretched from the borders of China and the Indian subcontinent, across Central Asia, the Middle East, North Africa, Sicily, and the Iberian Peninsula, to the Pyrenees. Edward Gibbon writes in The History of the Decline and Fall o... -
Muslim Conquest of Persian Mesopotamia and the Occupation of Christian Syria, 635-642
https://www.facebook.com/pages/Real-Crusades-History/220051141405247 For the full series: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLPq6iUifPrJa9RMdQXe--Gd9cXqXsQb_Z Donate to support Crusades history: https://www.paypal.com/cgi-bin/webscr?cmd=_s-xclick&hosted;_button_id=GL77L7KZRK4JY Transcript with footnotes: By 639, Islam's growing new caliphate included the Arabian Peninsula, Syria, Palestine, and most of Mesopotamia. The Muslims had delivered a devastating blow to the Christian Byzantine Empire, and they were well on their way to completely conquering all of the Zoroastrian Persian Empire. For the time being the Byzantines had withdrawn from Syria and Palestine. The Muslims now had full control over the region, occupying crucial cities like Jerusalem and Damascus. They subjected the h... -
Early Arab Conquests | 3 Minute History
Covering the conquests during the Rashidun Caliphate. I will probably do a separate video on the First Fitna. Thanks for the 15,000 subs. And thanks to Xios, Alan Haskayne, Lachlan Lindenmayer, Derpvic, Seth Reeves and all my other Patrons. If you want to help out - https://www.patreon.com/Jabzy?ty=h -
Islamic conquest of India. Bloodiest in the history of World (Full)
Islamic conquest of India. Bloodiest in the history of World -
Arab Conquest of Egypt, 639-646
Donate to support Crusades history: https://www.paypal.com/cgi-bin/webscr?cmd=_s-xclick&hosted;_button_id=GL77L7KZRK4JY For the full series: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLPq6iUifPrJa9RMdQXe--Gd9cXqXsQb_Z https://www.facebook.com/pages/Real-Crusades-History/220051141405247 -
A Warning from History - Conquest of the Islamic Sword part 1 of 16
A must see for everyone in the west, who feel that their democratic way of life is threatened by an ancient barbarian cult! Directed by Robert H. Gardner. With Ben Kingsley
How many times Muslims invaded Europe vs. Europeans invaded Muslim countries?
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 3:44
- Updated: 20 Oct 2014
- views: 420241
Historical facts and Comparisons: How many times Muslims invaded Europe vs. Europeans invaded Muslim countries.
Islamics Launched their Crusades in 630 A.D. We...
Historical facts and Comparisons: How many times Muslims invaded Europe vs. Europeans invaded Muslim countries.
Islamics Launched their Crusades in 630 A.D. Western Crusades started in 1095 A.D. to Stop Muslim Invasion. Crusades were a defensive action against the forcible expansion of Islam into territories that had been part of Christendom for centuries.
The Crusades were started by the Muslims in the year 630 A.D. when Muhammad invaded and conquered Mecca. Later on, Muslims invaded Syria, Iraq, Jerusalem, Iran, Egypt, Africa, Spain, Italy, France, etc. The Western Crusades started around 1095 to try to stop the Islamic aggressive invasions. Islamic Crusades continued even after the Western Crusade. Islam has killed about 270 million people: 120 million Africans*, 60 million Christians, 80 million Hindus, 10 million Buddhists, etc.
http://factreal.wordpress.com/2010/02/12/muslim-crusades-started-four-centuries-before-the-western-crusades/
Thank you Jelena for video!!!!!
wn.com/How Many Times Muslims Invaded Europe Vs. Europeans Invaded Muslim Countries
Historical facts and Comparisons: How many times Muslims invaded Europe vs. Europeans invaded Muslim countries.
Islamics Launched their Crusades in 630 A.D. Western Crusades started in 1095 A.D. to Stop Muslim Invasion. Crusades were a defensive action against the forcible expansion of Islam into territories that had been part of Christendom for centuries.
The Crusades were started by the Muslims in the year 630 A.D. when Muhammad invaded and conquered Mecca. Later on, Muslims invaded Syria, Iraq, Jerusalem, Iran, Egypt, Africa, Spain, Italy, France, etc. The Western Crusades started around 1095 to try to stop the Islamic aggressive invasions. Islamic Crusades continued even after the Western Crusade. Islam has killed about 270 million people: 120 million Africans*, 60 million Christians, 80 million Hindus, 10 million Buddhists, etc.
http://factreal.wordpress.com/2010/02/12/muslim-crusades-started-four-centuries-before-the-western-crusades/
Thank you Jelena for video!!!!!
- published: 20 Oct 2014
- views: 420241
Map of Muslim Conquests (Islamic Conquests) (632 AD-655 AD)
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 1:16
- Updated: 30 May 2014
- views: 7892
15. Islamic Conquests and Civil War
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 49:44
- Updated: 05 Apr 2012
- views: 83606
The Early Middle Ages, 284--1000 (HIST 210)
In this lecture, Professor Freedman discusses the Islamic conquests. Although they were in some sense religiously ...
The Early Middle Ages, 284--1000 (HIST 210)
In this lecture, Professor Freedman discusses the Islamic conquests. Although they were in some sense religiously motivated, Arab did not attempt to forcibly convert or eradicate Jews, Christians, or other non-Muslims. The conquests began as raids, but quickly escalated when the invaders discovered that Byzantium and Persia were too weak to withstand their assault. In a relatively short period of time, the Arabs were able to conquer an area stretching from Spain to India. Against this background of successful conquests, Islam began to experience deep internal divisions. These began as criticisms of the election of Mohammed's successors, but broadened to criticize the Caliphate and the ruling family. Out of this strife came the division between Sunni and Shiite Muslims. Professor Freedman concludes the lecture with observations on the increasingly non-Arab Muslim populations.
00:00 - Chapter 1. Introduction: Apparent Paradoxes of Islamic Conquest
04:01 - Chapter 2. Mohammed's Successors and the Beginnings of Conquest
10:08 - Chapter 3. Factors Favoring Arab Conquest
18:43 - Chapter 4. Arab Conquests
25:05 - Chapter 5. Internal Divisions
Complete course materials are available at the Yale Online website: online.yale.edu
This course was recorded in Fall 2011.
wn.com/15. Islamic Conquests And Civil War
The Early Middle Ages, 284--1000 (HIST 210)
In this lecture, Professor Freedman discusses the Islamic conquests. Although they were in some sense religiously motivated, Arab did not attempt to forcibly convert or eradicate Jews, Christians, or other non-Muslims. The conquests began as raids, but quickly escalated when the invaders discovered that Byzantium and Persia were too weak to withstand their assault. In a relatively short period of time, the Arabs were able to conquer an area stretching from Spain to India. Against this background of successful conquests, Islam began to experience deep internal divisions. These began as criticisms of the election of Mohammed's successors, but broadened to criticize the Caliphate and the ruling family. Out of this strife came the division between Sunni and Shiite Muslims. Professor Freedman concludes the lecture with observations on the increasingly non-Arab Muslim populations.
00:00 - Chapter 1. Introduction: Apparent Paradoxes of Islamic Conquest
04:01 - Chapter 2. Mohammed's Successors and the Beginnings of Conquest
10:08 - Chapter 3. Factors Favoring Arab Conquest
18:43 - Chapter 4. Arab Conquests
25:05 - Chapter 5. Internal Divisions
Complete course materials are available at the Yale Online website: online.yale.edu
This course was recorded in Fall 2011.
- published: 05 Apr 2012
- views: 83606
Islamic conquest of Persia
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 11:20
- Updated: 22 Sep 2013
- views: 334547
Since the 1st century BC, the Romans and Parthians had waged a number of wars that lasted for the centuries. In fact these military campaigns outlasted the empi...
Since the 1st century BC, the Romans and Parthians had waged a number of wars that lasted for the centuries. In fact these military campaigns outlasted the empires themselves. Both the Roman and Parthian Empires reformed and were replaced by the Byzantine and Sassanid Empires, respectively. These two new superpowers continued their territorial disputes and military confrontations for centuries. But the Sassanids and Byzantines also had various proxy wars, in which they attempted to start rebellions in the opponent's holdings. One example of this was the Byzantine client state the Ghassanids and the Sassanid client state the Lakhmids. These client states served as a buffer zone against the Southern Arab raiders. And both these client states were Arab in origin, but the Ghassanids were Christian Arabs whereas the Lakhmids aimed to unite all the Arabs under one kingdom. In fact the last independent ruler of the Lakhmids, Imru' al-Qais, claimed the title of "King of all the Arabs." This vision of Arab unity would not be realized for centuries, until the rise of Islam and the consolidation of the Rashidun Caliphate, in 632. Once the caliphate was established the Lakhmids were quick to join their Arab brethren. But this made the Sassanids very anxious, as they had lost their buffer zone and client state. And so the Sassanid rulers decided to stir up rebellions in the region. These provocations lead to the declaration of a Jihad against the Sassanid Persian Empire by Caliph Umar. At the time this seemed like an ant declaring war against a lion. That is how the Persians mistakenly perceived it.
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wn.com/Islamic Conquest Of Persia
Since the 1st century BC, the Romans and Parthians had waged a number of wars that lasted for the centuries. In fact these military campaigns outlasted the empires themselves. Both the Roman and Parthian Empires reformed and were replaced by the Byzantine and Sassanid Empires, respectively. These two new superpowers continued their territorial disputes and military confrontations for centuries. But the Sassanids and Byzantines also had various proxy wars, in which they attempted to start rebellions in the opponent's holdings. One example of this was the Byzantine client state the Ghassanids and the Sassanid client state the Lakhmids. These client states served as a buffer zone against the Southern Arab raiders. And both these client states were Arab in origin, but the Ghassanids were Christian Arabs whereas the Lakhmids aimed to unite all the Arabs under one kingdom. In fact the last independent ruler of the Lakhmids, Imru' al-Qais, claimed the title of "King of all the Arabs." This vision of Arab unity would not be realized for centuries, until the rise of Islam and the consolidation of the Rashidun Caliphate, in 632. Once the caliphate was established the Lakhmids were quick to join their Arab brethren. But this made the Sassanids very anxious, as they had lost their buffer zone and client state. And so the Sassanid rulers decided to stir up rebellions in the region. These provocations lead to the declaration of a Jihad against the Sassanid Persian Empire by Caliph Umar. At the time this seemed like an ant declaring war against a lion. That is how the Persians mistakenly perceived it.
Follow us on Facebook: https://facebook.com/caspianReport
Follow us on Twitter: https://twitter.com/caspianreport
- published: 22 Sep 2013
- views: 334547
Muslim Conquests And Spread Of Islam
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 24:24
- Updated: 03 Feb 2014
- views: 18792
According to traditional accounts, the Muslim conquests (Arabic: الغزوات, al-Ġazawāt or Arabic: الفتوحات الإسلامية, al-Futūḥāt al-Islāmiyya) also referred to ...
According to traditional accounts, the Muslim conquests (Arabic: الغزوات, al-Ġazawāt or Arabic: الفتوحات الإسلامية, al-Futūḥāt al-Islāmiyya) also referred to as the Islamic conquests or Arab conquests, began with the Islamic prophet Muhammad in the 7th century. He established a new unified polity in the Arabian Peninsula which under the subsequent Rashidun (The Rightly Guided Caliphs) and Umayyad Caliphates saw a century of rapid expansion of Muslim power.
They grew well beyond the Arabian Peninsula in the form of a Muslim empire with an area of influence that stretched from the borders of China and the Indian subcontinent, across Central Asia, the Middle East, North Africa, Sicily, and the Iberian Peninsula, to the Pyrenees. Edward Gibbon writes in The History of the Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire:
Under the last of the Umayyad, the Arabian empire extended two hundred days journey from east to west, from the confines of Tartary and India to the shores of the Atlantic Ocean. And if we retrench the sleeve of the robe, as it is styled by their writers, the long and narrow province of march of a caravan. We should vainly seek the indissoluble union and easy obedience that pervaded the government of Augustus and the Antonines; but the progress of Islam diffused over this ample space a general resemblance of manners and opinions. The language and laws of the Quran were studied with equal devotion at Samarcand and Seville: the Moor and the Indian embraced as countrymen and brothers in the pilgrimage of Mecca; and the Arabian language was adopted as the popular idiom in all the provinces to the westward of the Tigris.
The Muslim conquests brought about the collapse of the Sassanid Empire and a great territorial loss for the Byzantine Empire. The reasons for the Muslim success are hard to reconstruct in hindsight, primarily because only fragmentary sources from the period have survived. Most historians agree that the Sassanid Persian and Byzantine Roman empires were militarily and economically exhausted from decades of fighting one another. The rapid fall of Visigothic Spain remains less easily explicable.
Some Jews and Christians in the Sassanid Empire and Jews and Monophysites in Syria were dissatisfied and initially sometimes even welcomed the Muslim forces, largely because of religious conflict in both empires. In the case of Byzantine Egypt, Palestine and Syria, these lands had only a few years before being reacquired from the Persians, and had not been ruled by the Byzantines for over 25 years.
Fred McGraw Donner, however, suggests that formation of a state in the Arabian peninsula and ideological (i.e. religious) coherence and mobilization was a primary reason why the Muslim armies in the space of a hundred years were able to establish the largest pre-modern empire until that time. The estimates for the size of the Islamic Caliphate suggest it was more than thirteen million square kilometers (five million square miles), making it larger than all current states except the Russian Federation.
Frontier warfare continued in the form of cross border raids between the Umayyads and the Byzantine Isaurian dynasty allied with the Khazars across Asia Minor. Byzantine naval dominance and Greek fire resulted in a major victory at the Battle of Akroinon (739); one of a series of military failures of the Caliph Hisham ibn Abd al-Malik across the empire that checked the expansion of the Umayyads and hastened their fall.
In the reign of Yazdgerd III, the last Sassanid ruler of the Persian Empire, an Arab Muslim army secured the conquest of Persia after their decisive defeats of the Sassanid army at the Battle of Walaja in 633 and Battle of al-Qādisiyyah in 636, but the final military victory didn't come until 642 when the Persian army was defeated at the Battle of Nahāvand. These victories brought Persia (modern Iran), Assyria (Assuristan) and Mesopotamia (modern Iraq) and south east Anatolia under Arab Muslim rule. Then, in 651, Yazdgerd III was murdered at Merv, ending the dynasty. His son Peroz II escaped through the Pamir Mountains in what is now Tajikistan and arrived in Tang China.
wn.com/Muslim Conquests And Spread Of Islam
According to traditional accounts, the Muslim conquests (Arabic: الغزوات, al-Ġazawāt or Arabic: الفتوحات الإسلامية, al-Futūḥāt al-Islāmiyya) also referred to as the Islamic conquests or Arab conquests, began with the Islamic prophet Muhammad in the 7th century. He established a new unified polity in the Arabian Peninsula which under the subsequent Rashidun (The Rightly Guided Caliphs) and Umayyad Caliphates saw a century of rapid expansion of Muslim power.
They grew well beyond the Arabian Peninsula in the form of a Muslim empire with an area of influence that stretched from the borders of China and the Indian subcontinent, across Central Asia, the Middle East, North Africa, Sicily, and the Iberian Peninsula, to the Pyrenees. Edward Gibbon writes in The History of the Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire:
Under the last of the Umayyad, the Arabian empire extended two hundred days journey from east to west, from the confines of Tartary and India to the shores of the Atlantic Ocean. And if we retrench the sleeve of the robe, as it is styled by their writers, the long and narrow province of march of a caravan. We should vainly seek the indissoluble union and easy obedience that pervaded the government of Augustus and the Antonines; but the progress of Islam diffused over this ample space a general resemblance of manners and opinions. The language and laws of the Quran were studied with equal devotion at Samarcand and Seville: the Moor and the Indian embraced as countrymen and brothers in the pilgrimage of Mecca; and the Arabian language was adopted as the popular idiom in all the provinces to the westward of the Tigris.
The Muslim conquests brought about the collapse of the Sassanid Empire and a great territorial loss for the Byzantine Empire. The reasons for the Muslim success are hard to reconstruct in hindsight, primarily because only fragmentary sources from the period have survived. Most historians agree that the Sassanid Persian and Byzantine Roman empires were militarily and economically exhausted from decades of fighting one another. The rapid fall of Visigothic Spain remains less easily explicable.
Some Jews and Christians in the Sassanid Empire and Jews and Monophysites in Syria were dissatisfied and initially sometimes even welcomed the Muslim forces, largely because of religious conflict in both empires. In the case of Byzantine Egypt, Palestine and Syria, these lands had only a few years before being reacquired from the Persians, and had not been ruled by the Byzantines for over 25 years.
Fred McGraw Donner, however, suggests that formation of a state in the Arabian peninsula and ideological (i.e. religious) coherence and mobilization was a primary reason why the Muslim armies in the space of a hundred years were able to establish the largest pre-modern empire until that time. The estimates for the size of the Islamic Caliphate suggest it was more than thirteen million square kilometers (five million square miles), making it larger than all current states except the Russian Federation.
Frontier warfare continued in the form of cross border raids between the Umayyads and the Byzantine Isaurian dynasty allied with the Khazars across Asia Minor. Byzantine naval dominance and Greek fire resulted in a major victory at the Battle of Akroinon (739); one of a series of military failures of the Caliph Hisham ibn Abd al-Malik across the empire that checked the expansion of the Umayyads and hastened their fall.
In the reign of Yazdgerd III, the last Sassanid ruler of the Persian Empire, an Arab Muslim army secured the conquest of Persia after their decisive defeats of the Sassanid army at the Battle of Walaja in 633 and Battle of al-Qādisiyyah in 636, but the final military victory didn't come until 642 when the Persian army was defeated at the Battle of Nahāvand. These victories brought Persia (modern Iran), Assyria (Assuristan) and Mesopotamia (modern Iraq) and south east Anatolia under Arab Muslim rule. Then, in 651, Yazdgerd III was murdered at Merv, ending the dynasty. His son Peroz II escaped through the Pamir Mountains in what is now Tajikistan and arrived in Tang China.
- published: 03 Feb 2014
- views: 18792
Muslim Conquest of Persian Mesopotamia and the Occupation of Christian Syria, 635-642
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 4:53
- Updated: 06 Jun 2014
- views: 49827
https://www.facebook.com/pages/Real-Crusades-History/220051141405247
For the full series:
https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLPq6iUifPrJa9RMdQXe--Gd9cXqXsQ...
https://www.facebook.com/pages/Real-Crusades-History/220051141405247
For the full series:
https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLPq6iUifPrJa9RMdQXe--Gd9cXqXsQb_Z
Donate to support Crusades history:
https://www.paypal.com/cgi-bin/webscr?cmd=_s-xclick&hosted;_button_id=GL77L7KZRK4JY
Transcript with footnotes:
By 639, Islam's growing new caliphate included the Arabian Peninsula, Syria, Palestine, and most of Mesopotamia. The Muslims had delivered a devastating blow to the Christian Byzantine Empire, and they were well on their way to completely conquering all of the Zoroastrian Persian Empire.
For the time being the Byzantines had withdrawn from Syria and Palestine. The Muslims now had full control over the region, occupying crucial cities like Jerusalem and Damascus. They subjected the helpless common people of these regions to a long period of plunder and slave-raids (Michel le Syrien, 2: 418).
Michael the Syrian, an Armenian chronicler, recounts the events:
"Umar (ibn al-Khattab) sent Khalid (ibn Walid) with an army to the Aleppo and Antioch region. There, they murdered a large number of people. No one escaped them. Whatever may be said of the evils that Syria suffered, they cannot be recounted because of their great number; for the Taiyaye (the Arabs) were the great rod of God's wrath."
-Chronique de Michel le Syrien, trans. From Syriac by Jean-Baptiste Chabot (Paris, 1901), 2: 421.
Congruent with their conquest of Byzantine Syria, the Muslims attacked the Persian Empire, which greatly impacted not only the Zoroastrian Persians, but also the various Christian peoples settled within these territories (Bat Ye'or, The Decline of Eastern Christianity Under Islam, from Jihad to Dhimmitude (London, 1996), 46).
The attack on the Persians was first concentrated in the south, around Ubulla, and somewhat farther north on the Euphrates, close to Hira. Arab Christian tribes long settled in Mesopotamia collaborated with the Persians in the defense (Fred McGraw Donner, The Early Islamic Conquests (Princeton, 1981), 117). However, other Arabs living in the area, attracted by the prospect of plunder, took up with the Muslims, acting as a valuable internal source to the invaders (Francois Nau, Les Arabes Chretians de Mesopotamie et de Syria du VII au VIIIe siècle (Paris, 1933), 100-13). As an example, the Banu Ijill tribe sent messages to the Caliph Umar at Medina about areas of weakness in the Persian territories ripe for assault (Bat Ye'or, 46).
Overwhelming the Persian forces with raids on a mass scale, the Arabs were able to expand their pillaging into the southcentral villages of Iraq, around Mada'in. In November of 636 the Arabs faced the main Persian army at the Battle of al-Qadisiyya. It was a decisive victory for the Arabs which broke Persian power in Iraq. Once again, the Arabs now had free access to the farms and countryside, pillaging and grabbing slaves everywhere (Donner, 210). Umar sent reinforcements from Medina to maximize the capturing of booty (Bat Ye'or, 46).
A Muslim source, Ibn al-Balkhi, writing during the fourteenth century, documented these events:
"In the early days of Islam, after Fars (Persia) had been conquered (by the Arabs), for a time there was nothing but massacre and pillage and all things were taken by force, but at length matters quieted down, and the ruin and the disorder that had overspread the land began to be amended."
-Ibn al Balkhi, in Guy Le Strange, Description of the Province of the Fars in Persia at the beginning of the fourteenth century A.D. (London, 1912), 83.
The Arabs pillaged the local monasteries, slaughtering the monks, while they massacred, enslaved, or forcibly Islamized the Monophysite Christian Arabs (Michel le Syrien, 403-4, 413). In Elam the population was decimated, the upper classes put to the sword (Bat Ye'or, Decline of Christianity Under Islam, 46).
By 642 the Arab conquest of Mesopotamia was complete.
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Transcript with footnotes:
By 639, Islam's growing new caliphate included the Arabian Peninsula, Syria, Palestine, and most of Mesopotamia. The Muslims had delivered a devastating blow to the Christian Byzantine Empire, and they were well on their way to completely conquering all of the Zoroastrian Persian Empire.
For the time being the Byzantines had withdrawn from Syria and Palestine. The Muslims now had full control over the region, occupying crucial cities like Jerusalem and Damascus. They subjected the helpless common people of these regions to a long period of plunder and slave-raids (Michel le Syrien, 2: 418).
Michael the Syrian, an Armenian chronicler, recounts the events:
"Umar (ibn al-Khattab) sent Khalid (ibn Walid) with an army to the Aleppo and Antioch region. There, they murdered a large number of people. No one escaped them. Whatever may be said of the evils that Syria suffered, they cannot be recounted because of their great number; for the Taiyaye (the Arabs) were the great rod of God's wrath."
-Chronique de Michel le Syrien, trans. From Syriac by Jean-Baptiste Chabot (Paris, 1901), 2: 421.
Congruent with their conquest of Byzantine Syria, the Muslims attacked the Persian Empire, which greatly impacted not only the Zoroastrian Persians, but also the various Christian peoples settled within these territories (Bat Ye'or, The Decline of Eastern Christianity Under Islam, from Jihad to Dhimmitude (London, 1996), 46).
The attack on the Persians was first concentrated in the south, around Ubulla, and somewhat farther north on the Euphrates, close to Hira. Arab Christian tribes long settled in Mesopotamia collaborated with the Persians in the defense (Fred McGraw Donner, The Early Islamic Conquests (Princeton, 1981), 117). However, other Arabs living in the area, attracted by the prospect of plunder, took up with the Muslims, acting as a valuable internal source to the invaders (Francois Nau, Les Arabes Chretians de Mesopotamie et de Syria du VII au VIIIe siècle (Paris, 1933), 100-13). As an example, the Banu Ijill tribe sent messages to the Caliph Umar at Medina about areas of weakness in the Persian territories ripe for assault (Bat Ye'or, 46).
Overwhelming the Persian forces with raids on a mass scale, the Arabs were able to expand their pillaging into the southcentral villages of Iraq, around Mada'in. In November of 636 the Arabs faced the main Persian army at the Battle of al-Qadisiyya. It was a decisive victory for the Arabs which broke Persian power in Iraq. Once again, the Arabs now had free access to the farms and countryside, pillaging and grabbing slaves everywhere (Donner, 210). Umar sent reinforcements from Medina to maximize the capturing of booty (Bat Ye'or, 46).
A Muslim source, Ibn al-Balkhi, writing during the fourteenth century, documented these events:
"In the early days of Islam, after Fars (Persia) had been conquered (by the Arabs), for a time there was nothing but massacre and pillage and all things were taken by force, but at length matters quieted down, and the ruin and the disorder that had overspread the land began to be amended."
-Ibn al Balkhi, in Guy Le Strange, Description of the Province of the Fars in Persia at the beginning of the fourteenth century A.D. (London, 1912), 83.
The Arabs pillaged the local monasteries, slaughtering the monks, while they massacred, enslaved, or forcibly Islamized the Monophysite Christian Arabs (Michel le Syrien, 403-4, 413). In Elam the population was decimated, the upper classes put to the sword (Bat Ye'or, Decline of Christianity Under Islam, 46).
By 642 the Arab conquest of Mesopotamia was complete.
- published: 06 Jun 2014
- views: 49827
Early Arab Conquests | 3 Minute History
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 4:53
- Updated: 14 Dec 2015
- views: 30424
Covering the conquests during the Rashidun Caliphate. I will probably do a separate video on the First Fitna.
Thanks for the 15,000 subs. And thanks to Xios, ...
Covering the conquests during the Rashidun Caliphate. I will probably do a separate video on the First Fitna.
Thanks for the 15,000 subs. And thanks to Xios, Alan Haskayne, Lachlan Lindenmayer, Derpvic, Seth Reeves and all my other Patrons. If you want to help out - https://www.patreon.com/Jabzy?ty=h
wn.com/Early Arab Conquests | 3 Minute History
Covering the conquests during the Rashidun Caliphate. I will probably do a separate video on the First Fitna.
Thanks for the 15,000 subs. And thanks to Xios, Alan Haskayne, Lachlan Lindenmayer, Derpvic, Seth Reeves and all my other Patrons. If you want to help out - https://www.patreon.com/Jabzy?ty=h
- published: 14 Dec 2015
- views: 30424
Islamic conquest of India. Bloodiest in the history of World (Full)
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 20:21
- Updated: 30 Mar 2012
- views: 500341
Islamic conquest of India. Bloodiest in the history of World
Islamic conquest of India. Bloodiest in the history of World
wn.com/Islamic Conquest Of India. Bloodiest In The History Of World (Full)
Arab Conquest of Egypt, 639-646
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 6:56
- Updated: 18 Jun 2014
- views: 42385
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- published: 18 Jun 2014
- views: 42385
A Warning from History - Conquest of the Islamic Sword part 1 of 16
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 10:20
- Updated: 07 Aug 2009
- views: 11752
A must see for everyone in the west, who feel that their democratic way of life is threatened by an ancient barbarian cult!
Directed by Robert H. Gardner. Wi...
A must see for everyone in the west, who feel that their democratic way of life is threatened by an ancient barbarian cult!
Directed by Robert H. Gardner. With Ben Kingsley
wn.com/A Warning From History Conquest Of The Islamic Sword Part 1 Of 16
A must see for everyone in the west, who feel that their democratic way of life is threatened by an ancient barbarian cult!
Directed by Robert H. Gardner. With Ben Kingsley
- published: 07 Aug 2009
- views: 11752
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3:44
How many times Muslims invaded Europe vs. Europeans invaded Muslim countries?
Historical facts and Comparisons: How many times Muslims invaded Europe vs. Europeans inv...
published: 20 Oct 2014
How many times Muslims invaded Europe vs. Europeans invaded Muslim countries?
How many times Muslims invaded Europe vs. Europeans invaded Muslim countries?
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1:16
Map of Muslim Conquests (Islamic Conquests) (632 AD-655 AD)
After Muhammad's death in Medina the Muslim Conquests began.
published: 30 May 2014
Map of Muslim Conquests (Islamic Conquests) (632 AD-655 AD)
Map of Muslim Conquests (Islamic Conquests) (632 AD-655 AD)
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49:44
15. Islamic Conquests and Civil War
The Early Middle Ages, 284--1000 (HIST 210)
In this lecture, Professor Freedman discusses...
published: 05 Apr 2012
15. Islamic Conquests and Civil War
15. Islamic Conquests and Civil War
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11:20
Islamic conquest of Persia
Since the 1st century BC, the Romans and Parthians had waged a number of wars that lasted ...
published: 22 Sep 2013
Islamic conquest of Persia
Islamic conquest of Persia
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Muslim Conquests And Spread Of Islam
According to traditional accounts, the Muslim conquests (Arabic: الغزوات, al-Ġazawāt or A...
published: 03 Feb 2014
Muslim Conquests And Spread Of Islam
Muslim Conquests And Spread Of Islam
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4:53
Muslim Conquest of Persian Mesopotamia and the Occupation of Christian Syria, 635-642
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For the full series:...
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Muslim Conquest of Persian Mesopotamia and the Occupation of Christian Syria, 635-642
Muslim Conquest of Persian Mesopotamia and the Occupation of Christian Syria, 635-642
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4:53
Early Arab Conquests | 3 Minute History
Covering the conquests during the Rashidun Caliphate. I will probably do a separate video ...
published: 14 Dec 2015
Early Arab Conquests | 3 Minute History
Early Arab Conquests | 3 Minute History
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- published: 14 Dec 2015
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20:21
Islamic conquest of India. Bloodiest in the history of World (Full)
Islamic conquest of India. Bloodiest in the history of World
published: 30 Mar 2012
Islamic conquest of India. Bloodiest in the history of World (Full)
Islamic conquest of India. Bloodiest in the history of World (Full)
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6:56
Arab Conquest of Egypt, 639-646
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published: 18 Jun 2014
Arab Conquest of Egypt, 639-646
Arab Conquest of Egypt, 639-646
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10:20
A Warning from History - Conquest of the Islamic Sword part 1 of 16
A must see for everyone in the west, who feel that their democratic way of life is threate...
published: 07 Aug 2009
A Warning from History - Conquest of the Islamic Sword part 1 of 16
A Warning from History - Conquest of the Islamic Sword part 1 of 16
- Report rights infringement
- published: 07 Aug 2009
- views: 11752
How many times Muslims invaded Europe vs. European...
Map of Muslim Conquests (Islamic Conquests) (632 A...
15. Islamic Conquests and Civil War...
Islamic conquest of Persia...
Muslim Conquests And Spread Of Islam...
Muslim Conquest of Persian Mesopotamia and the Occ...
Early Arab Conquests | 3 Minute History...
Islamic conquest of India. Bloodiest in the histor...
Arab Conquest of Egypt, 639-646...
A Warning from History - Conquest of the Islamic S...
photo: AP / Richard Drew
NSFW: Kanye West's Famous video features nude Kim, Taylor Swift, Donald Trump
Edit Deccan Chronicle 25 Jun 2016
Los Angeles. Kanye West has unveiled a video on a subject he knows something about. fame ... The celebrities, who appear to be naked in a huge bed with West, are his wife, Kim Kardashian West; former President George W ... I could have been his O.J ... . ....
photo: AP / Matt Dunham
Why the Brexit result should not surprise us
Edit The Irish Times 25 Jun 2016
We should not be that surprised at the vote in favour of Brexit. For all the warnings from the Remain side about a giant leap into the unknown in relation to the economy, the sentiments fuelling the desire to exit were emotional and deep-rooted and warnings of economic Armageddon could not outdo those feelings and the weight of history sustaining them ... An Awkward Partner ... Britain could not continue to have it both ways ... Battles ... . ....
photo: Creative Commons / Qfl
Archaeologists Find Skeletons, Gold Coins In Buried Pompeii Shop
Edit WorldNews.com 24 Jun 2016
In the workshop was an oven that archaeologists think might have been used to make bronze objects.The excavation of that and a second ancient shop started in May near a necropolis in the Herculaneum port area. Archaeologists are puzzling over what kind of business the second shop did ... tomb of an adult, complete with funerary vases ... Pompeii and nearby Herculaneum were ancient Roman towns....
photo: AP / Markus Schreiber
Brexit: EU push for UK to leave 'as soon as possible'
Edit Al Jazeera 25 Jun 2016
European Union officials have called for the UK to start the exit process as quickly as possible after Britons voted to leave the 28-member bloc, prompting the resignation of David Cameron, the prime minister, and dealing the biggest blow to European efforts at greater unity since World War II ... There are now fears the vote could set off a chain reaction of further breakaway bids by other EU members battling hostility to Brussels ... ....
photo: AP / Nick Ut
Elderly couple dead, 80 homes burn in California wildfire
Edit Denver Post 25 Jun 2016
LAKE ISABELLA, Calif. — A vast and voracious wildfire that has burned at least 80 homes in central California killed an elderly couple as they tried to flee, authorities said ... The names of the two dead, whose bodies were found Friday, have not been released. The sheriff said his department hasn’t been able to search very extensively and would be looking through burned homes with cadaver dogs seeking more possible victims ... Gov ... . ....
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The historiography of early Islam
Edit Kashmir Observer 25 Jun 2016
IN the case of pre-Islamic society, the Arabs were divided into different tribes. There was no state, or its institutions, or legal system that could unite and bind them ... The common events remembered were tribal wars and festivals, which provided them with an opportunity to unite ... Later, the Arab conquest of Islam was included in the historiography of Ayyam ... Historiography radically changed after the Muslim conquest of Iraq and Iran ... ....
Past present: The historiography of early Islam
Edit Dawn 19 Jun 2016
In the case of pre-Islamic society, the Arabs were divided into different tribes. There was no state, or its institutions, or legal system that could unite and bind them ... The common events remembered were tribal wars and festivals, which provided them with an opportunity to unite ... Later, the Arab conquest of Islam was included in the historiography of Ayyam ... Historiography radically changed after the Muslim conquest of Iraq and Iran ... ....
Prof. Rina Talgam Awarded the Polonsky Prize for Her Comprehensive Examination of a Millennium of Mosaic Making in the Holy Land (Hebrew University of Jerusalem)
Edit Public Technologies 08 Jun 2016
Winant Family Professor of Art History, in the History of Art Department in the Hebrew University of Jerusalem's Faculty of Humanities, has been following the intricate visual dialogues among Paganism, Judaism, Samaritanism, Christianity and Islam in the Holy Land from before the Roman Empire to after the Muslim conquests....
Turks Mark Anniversary Of Muslim Conquest By Demanding Historic Church Be Turned Into Mosque
Edit Breitbart 31 May 2016
Marking 563 years since the city was conquered by the Ottoman dynasty, thousands of protesters on Saturday held a special morning prayer in front of Istanbul's Hagia Sophia Basilica, demanding that the building be reinstated as a mosque, as it was under the Ottoman empire ... ....
Cabbages & Kings - The Hitler analogy: Boris goes over the top
Edit Deccan Chronicle 20 May 2016
“The bed or roses was full of thorns. Though the fragrance of blossoms was alluring and sweet. I rose from that bed in a hundred dawns. Tears in my eyes and blood on my feet….”. From The Son-In-Law Also Rises by Bachchoo ... He alluded to the Romans having done it before ... It then evolved into a reaction against the earlier Muslim conquests of India and the conversion of masses of the population to Islam ... ....
Al Buraq - The new Palestinian Western Wall (Mike Huckabee)
Edit Public Technologies 11 May 2016
In fact, soon after the Muslim conquest, Jews actually received permission to build a small wooden structure on the Mount. According to Rabbi Petachia of Ratisbon (London 1856), that place remained active during most of the early Muslim period, and then again from approximately 1100 CE up until the conquest of the Crusaders....
Salafi-Jihadism by Shiraz Maher and Crusade and Jihad by Malcolm Lambert review – what do Islamist extremists believe?
Edit The Guardian 24 Mar 2016
For many western leaders, taking a theological position on a religion they do not practise, jihadists are not true Muslims since Islam is a religion of peace ... Sunni versus Shia, Jew versus Christian versus Muslim ... During the rapid Muslim conquests of the seventh and eighth centuries, the Arab armies did not generally demand submission or conversion, but an acceptance of the sovereignty of new rulers and the payment of taxes....
Inman of Danish Muslims states their presence in Europe is to conquer
Edit The Examiner 12 Mar 2016
The main objective of radical Muslims is conquering Europe ... Al-Barazi admitted in the video that the migrant influx of Muslims into counties like Denmark, Belgium and Germany is to conquer Europe ... The number of Muslims is 300,000 now ... Al-Barazi continues, “This is by no means the first time that a prominent imam has admitted that the migrant influx is part of a Muslim conquest of Europe....
The end of empires
Edit Dawn 19 Feb 2016
WHEN Muslim armies boiled out of the Arabian desert and won a string of stunning victories in the seventh century, believers were convinced that they owed this success to divine intervention ... In 541, around a century before the great Muslim conquests, a deadly plague swept across much of Rome’s eastern empire centred on Constantinople (present-day Istanbul) and Iranshahr, or the Persian Empire....
How She Wants to Modify Muslims
Edit The New York Review of Books 27 Jan 2016
Yet historians now largely accept that far from being “extremely brutal,” as Hirsi Ali asserts, the extraordinarily swift and sweeping early Muslim conquests were assisted by large numbers of willing “infidel” allies, who may have viewed Muslim rule as a relief from the warring Byzantine and Persian empires....
Exclusive – Inside Islamic State’s End Times Apocalyptic Battle Plan
Edit Breitbart 14 Dec 2015
JERUSALEM - The Islamic State may want Western and moderate Arab countries to send ground troops to Syria, because it believes an apocalyptic battle is necessary to fulfill an end-of-days prophecy of total Muslim conquest ... ....
Liberals need to stop flattering Islam and ask tough questions instead
Edit New York Post 13 Dec 2015
... main European imperial powers of the day, Great Britain and France, publicly commit to respecting the right of self-determination for nations freed from the Ottoman yoke? The Americans invented the idea of “mandates” to prevent the European imperialist world-grabbers from turning their Muslim conquests in the Middle East into a new colonial galaxy....
Maybe time to bite bullet and form an alliance with Assad
Edit Belfast Telegraph 19 Nov 2015
His entire policy was based on conquest, revenge and a distorted sense of mission ... They want a worldwide caliphate to surpass the medieval Muslim conquests ... Non-Muslims would be forced to pay a penal tax of up to 50%, convert or die ... The original Muslim conquest had many faces, as all great empires have many faces....
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