Cultural Exchange between the Phrygians and Greeks (Dan Attrell)

• published: 05 Feb 2015
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Dan Attrell (MA) discusses the ideological and material exchange between the Greeks and the Phrygians. Bibliography Berndt-Ersöz, Susanne. 1998. “Phrygian Rock-Cut Cult Façades: A Study of the Function of the So-Called Shaft Monuments.” Anatolian Studies 48: 87-112. Bremmer, Jan. 2004. “Attis: A Greek God in Anatolian Pessinous and Catullan Rome.” Mnemosyne IV 57 (5), 2004: 534-573. Cox, D. H. 1966. "Gordion Hoards III, IV, V, and VII," American Numismatic Society, Museum es 12: 19-55. Cook, J.M. 1962. The Greeks in Ionia & the East. London: Thames & Hudson. Darbyshire, G., S. Mitchell, and L. Vardar. 2000. "The Galatian Settlement in Asia Minor," Anatolian Studies 50: 75-97. Department of Ancient Near Eastern Art. 2000. “Phrygia, Gordion, and King Midas in the Late Eighth Century B.C.” In Heilbrunn Timeline of Art History. New York: The Metropolitan Museum of Art. http://www.metmuseum.org/toah/hd/phry/hd_phry.htm (October 2004) DeVries, Keith. 1990. “The Gordion Excavation Seasons of 1969-1973 and Subsequent Research.” American Jour-nal of Archaeology 94 (3): 371-406. Emlyn-Jones, C.J. 1980. The Ionians & Hellenism. London : Routledge & Kegan Paul. Garstang, John. 1943 "Hittite Military Roads in Asia Minor: A Study in Imperial Strategy with a Map." American Journal of Archaeology 47 (1): 35-62. Gimbutas, Marija Alseikaitė. The gods and goddesses of Old Europe: 7000 to 3500 BC myths, legends and cult images. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1974. Henrickson, Robert C., and M. J. Blackman. 1999. “Hellenistic Production of Terracotta Roof Tiles among the Ce-ramic Industries at Gordion,” Oxford Journal of Archaeology 18 (3): 307-326. Henrickson, Robert. 1995. “Hittite Pottery and Potters: The View from Late Bronze Age Gordion” The Biblical Archaeologist 58 (2): 82-90. Jackson, Peter. 2002. “Light from Distant Asterisks: Towards a Description of the Indo-European Religious Heritage.” Numen 49 (1) 61-102. Larson, Jennifer. 2007. Ancient Greek Cults: A Guide. New York and London: Routledge. Marsh, Ben. 1999. “Alluvial Burial of Gordion, an Iron-Age City in Anatolia.” Journal of Field Archaeology 26 (2): 163-175. Miller, Naomi F., Melinda A. Zeder, Susan R. Arter. 2009. “From Food and Fuel to Farms and Flocks: The Integra-tion of Plant and Animal Remains in the Study of the Agropastoral Economy at Gordion, Turkey.” Current Anthro-pology 50 (6): 915-924. Özkayad, Vecihi. 1997. “The Shaft Monuments and the ‘Taurobolium’ among the Phrygians.” Anatolian Studies 47: 89-103 Prag, A. 1989. “Reconstructing King Midas: A First Report.” Anatolian Studies 39: 159-165. Roscoe, Will. 1996. “Priests of the Goddess: Gender Transgression in Ancient Religion.” History of Religions 35 (3): 195-230. Roller, Lynn E. 1987. “Hellenistic Epigraphic Texts from Gordion,” Anatolian Studies 37: 103-33. --------. 1994. “Attis on Greek Votive Monuments: Greek God or Phrygian?” Hesperia: The Journal of the American School of Classical Studies at Athens 63 (2): 245-262. --------. 1991. “The Great Mother at Gordion: The Hellenization of an Anatolian Cult.” The Journal of Hellenic Studies 111: 128-143. --------. 1984. “Midas and the Gordian Knot.” Classical Antiquity 3: 256–271. Sams, Kenneth. 1974. “Phrygian Painted Animals: Anatolian Orientalizing Art.” Anatolian Studies 24: 169-196. University of Gent. 2006. “Pessinous Excavation Project.” http://www.archaeology.ugent.be/pessinus/phrygianhellenistic (accessed 21 November 2011). University of Pennsylvania. 2010. “Digital Gordion.” http://sites.museum.upenn.edu/gordion/archaeology (accessed 19 November 2011). Vermaseren, Maarten. 1977. Cybele and Attis: The Myth and the Cult. London: Thames and Hudson. --------. 1991. “The Great Mother at Gordion: The Hellenization of an Anatolian Cult.” The Journal of Hellenic Studies 111: 128-143. Voigt, M. Mary. 2003. “Celts at Gordion: The Late Hellenistic Settlement,” Expedition 45:. 14-16. Voigt, M. Mary, and Robert C. Henrickson. 2000. “Formation of the Phrygian State: The Early Iron Age at Gordi-on.” Anatolian Studies 50: 37-54. Young, Rodney S. 1956. “The Campaign of 1955 at Gordion: Preliminary Report.” American Journal of Archaeology 60 (3): 249-266. --------. 1963. “Gordion on the Royal Road.” Proceedings of the American Philosophical Society 107 (4): 348-364. --------. 1962. “The 1961 Campaign at Gordion.” American Journal of Archaeology 66 (2): 153-168. --------. 1966. “The Gordion Campaign of 1965.” American Journal of Archaeology 70 (3): 267-278. --------. 1968. “The Gordion Campaign of 1967.” American Journal of Archaeology 72 (3): 231-241. --------. “Old Phrygian Inscriptions from Gordion: Toward a History of the Phrygian Alphabet.” Hesperia: The Journal of the American School of Classical Studies at Athens 38 (2): 252-296.