Kartel (electoral alliance)

A kartel is the Dutch term for an electoral alliance between two or more parties in Belgium.

In a system of proportional representation in which the country is divided in multiple electoral districts, such as Belgium the threshold to obtain one seat can be very high (5% of votes since 2003), which also favours larger parties. Therefore some parties pool their voters in order to gain more (or any) seats.

The SP.A-Spirit cartel between the Socialist Party - Different (SP.A) and the left-liberal Spirit (later FlemishProgressives, then Social-Liberal Party) is an example of such a cartel.

Vlaams Kartels in Brussels

On several occasions some or all Flemish parties bundled forces on 'Vlaams Kartel' lists for municipal elections in Brussels (in Dutch Vlaams Kartel), sometimes getting together one or two seats in the municipal council, sometimes getting none. As these parties are minority parties in every Brussels municipality, i.e., the parties of an ethnic or linguistic minority (on the average 10-15% of the population), this is a case of an electoral coalition of ethnic parties.

Lebrón

Lebrón, Lebron, or LeBron is usually a surname of Spanish origin. People with the name include:

As a given name

As a surname

Saint James

Saint James or St. James may refer to:

People

Saints

Surname

James the Apostle

James the Apostle may refer to:

See also

James (automobile company)

The James automobile company (called the J&M Motor Car Company) was created in 1909 by H. K. James.

History

The first car, called a Model A, was tested on April 2, 1909 on a 100 mile test run. A reporter wronte that the James "will climb and ordinary hill with two or four passengers." The Model A was a highwheeler and cost between $700 and $800. Production was minimal, and in 1911 the company quit production of the car for a larger car called the Dearborn. It lasted one year.

Models

References