- published: 16 Nov 2014
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Adwan Rebellion or the Balqa Revolt was the largest uprising against the British mandate and the newly installed Transjordanian government, headed by Mezhar Ruslan, during its first years. The rebellion was initiated in the early months of 1923, under the slogan "Jordan for Jordanians", but was quickly crushed with the assistance of the British RAF. As a result, the revolt leader, Sultan al-Adwan, fled to Syria with his sons.
The most serious threats to emir Abdullah's position in Transjordan were repeated Wahhabi incursions from Najd into southern parts of his territory. The emir was powerless to repel those raids by himself, thus the British maintained a military base, with a small air force, at Marka, close to Amman. This force could have been easily used against the Wahhabi Ikhwan. The British military, which was the primary obstacle against the Ikhwan, and was also incorporated to help emir Abdullah with the suppression of local rebellions at Kura and later by Sultan al-Adwan.
With the end of the Kura affair, another trouble began to loom as the feud between Banu Sakhr bedouins, headed by Mithqal al-Fayez - especially favored by emir Abdullah, and Adwan bedouins of Balqa, headed by Sultan al-Adwan. Dangerously exposes to the Wahhabi raids from Arabia, emir Abdullah had not intention to alienate Sultan al-Adwan, even if he did pay a special attention to Banu Sakhr. Yet, when Abdullah attempted a reconciliation, paying a formal visit for Sultan al-Adwan, he was reportedly met with refusal. Opposing Abdullah's tribal policies, Sultan had received a support from an unexpected direction - educated members of young generation in the larger towns of Irbid, Salt and Karak, who began to criticize Abdullah authocracy and demanded a democratic rule. The new generation of urban intellectuals had been growing increasingly envious of the Lebanese, Syrians and Palestinians, who monopolized key positions of Transjordanian government and administration.
Mahmoud Darwish (Arabic: محمود درويش) (13 March 1941 – 9 August 2008) was a Palestinian poet and author who won numerous awards for his literary output and was regarded as the Palestinian national poet. In his work, Palestine became a metaphor for the loss of Eden, birth and resurrection, and the anguish of dispossession and exile.
Darwish was born in the village of al-Birwa in the Western Galilee. He was the second child of Salim and Houreyyah Darwish. His family were landowners. His mother was illiterate, but his grandfather taught him to read. After Israeli forces assaulted his village of al-Birwa in June 1948 the family fled to Lebanon first in Jezzin and then in Damour. The village was then razed and destroyed by the Israeli army to prevent its inhabitants from returning to their homes inside the new Jewish state. A year later, Darwish's family returned to the Acre area, which was now part of Israel, and settled in Deir al-Asad. Darwish attended high school in Kafr Yasif, two kilometers north of Jadeidi. He eventually moved to Haifa.
Muneim Adwan chante Mahmoud Darwish, Anas Alail, Elizabeth Wiener (Poésie) Présences Palestiniennes
A Promise of Love
المختلفين–المربّع El-Mokhtalifeen- Elmorabba3
KAKU (KAluguran KU) -- Rah-se
Kein Anfang. Kein Ende - Evening for Mahmoud Darwish
Israel Belongs To The Jews According To Holy Bible And Quran - You Tube.flv
Fly fly Hugin and Munin
Thoughts and memories you have seen
Ravens sit on my shoulders
I must know what has been
Gunghir made of Yggdrasil's own wood
Show the world who I am
Odin the father of gods
Berserks die screaming my name
Father of all the Gods
Odin I am
Slayer of giants of ice
Odin I am
Reaper of battlefields
Odin I am
Master of runes and war
Odin I am
I sit in my halla on Hlidskialf
I can see the future and the end
Ragnarök death of the Gods
Where I'll make my final stand
I strove to find future and knowledge
When I drank from wisdom's spring
One eye I gave to Mimir the guardian