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07/12/2009 - http://www.continuitas.org/news
.html - 4. ENEOLITHIC AND
HORSE DOMESTICATION. A study by
A.K. Outram,
N.A.Stear, R. Bendrey, S. Olsen, A.
Kasparov, V. Zaibert, N. Thorpe,
R.P. Evershed ("
Science" 323, 2009, pp. 1332-1335) definitively confirms that horse domestication first took place in northern
Kazakhstan, in the framework of the Eneolithic
Botai culture, dating to about
3500 B.C.E.
Analysis of organic residues also reveals milking of mares. See, on the same subject, "
Trail of
Mare's
Milk Leads to
First Tamed Horses", in Science 322, 2008, p. 368.
A comment by
Mario Alinei: Surprisingly, the authors still refer to works of
Anthony,
Mallory and Piggot, according to which "domestication of horse is associated with the spread of
Indo-European languages and culture".
Modern archaeology (beginning with
Renfrew) has demolished this theory. Moreover, overwhelming linguistic evidence, among which most important is the spread of exclusively Turkic loanword related to horse terminology in all languages of
Eastern Europe, both Indo-European and Uralic, shows that horse domestication is a fundamental Turkic innovation. It is no accident that the Botai culture is a khazak culture, belonging to the Turkic-speaking area, and not to the IE-, or Uralic-speaking one! Myths and dogmas are hard to die! (Mario Alinei)