Bima Airport Sultan Muhammad Salahuddin Airport
IATA: BMU – ICAO: WADB
Summary
Airport type		Public
Location		Bima, West Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia
Elevation AMSL		3 ft / 1 m
Coordinates		08°32′23″S 118°41′14″E / 8.53972°S 118.68722°E / -8.53972; 118.68722
Runways
Direction	Length		Surface
	ft	m
13/31	5,405	1,647	Asphalt

Bima Airport (IATA: BMU, ICAO: WADB), also known as Muhammad Salahuddin Airport,^[1] is an airport located in southern outskirt of Bima, West Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia.

Airlines and destinations[link]

References[link]

1. ^ Airport information for WADB - Muhammad Salahuddin Airport - Bima, Indonesia at World Aero Data. Data current as of October 2006.

External links[link]

• Accident history for BMU / WADB - Bima Airport - Indonesia at Aviation Safety Network

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This West Nusa Tenggara location article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it. v t e

Location of Bima in West Nusa Tenggara.

Bima

Bima (Indonesia)

Bima is a city on the eastern coast of the island Sumbawa in central Indonesia's province West Nusa Tenggara, and the largest city on the island. In 2010 the municipality counted some 142,443 people, separate from (but surrounded by) the adjoining Regency of Bima with 407,636 population. The city is located on eastern shore of Bima bay, traditionally Bima was a port city that connected to other port cities in Eastern Indonesia such as Makassar and Ternate, as well as to ports in Lombok, Bali, and East Java. The people of Bima and the entire eastern side of Sumbawa speak what is known as Bahasa Bima Bima language or Nggahi Mbojo in native language. Modern day Bima is the largest regional and economic hub of Eastern Sumbawa with transmigrants from other parts of Indonesia, especially Java, Bali, and Lombok. It has a central downtown commercial zone. It is home to Sultan Salahuddin mosque and a Sultan Salahuddin museum (former Bima Sultanate palace). It is connected by provincial road to Dompu and Sape.

History[link]

Sultan of Bima, ca. 1920–1943

Ancient Bima, Ncuhis Era[link]

The first people on the island is considered habitated the west coast of Bima Bay, where nowadays found a craved cave in Donggo Village called Sowa. Based on the Bimananese note called by 'Bo', the earliest inhabitants on the east part of the island was called by dou donggo people(which literally means people who live in highland, or far away land', which was consist of two groups, the donngo ipa (is the west coast of Bima Bay, which is now part of Donggo subdistrict of Bima regency) and donggo ele (now is situated around wawo, a mountainous subdistrict of Bima Regency). At current time, the inhabitants on both are speak in the same language as entire land of Bima and Dompu, except a group of people which is considered by term 'Bimanese' but speaks in more different language or dialects called dou Sambori (dou means people). While the nowadays Bimanese is the mixture of local inhabitants and the seafarers and transmigrants of Bugis people who came on the first time of Sultanate of Bima.

On the earliest era around 10 AD, the area was consist of fives groups of protectorate, called by Ncuhi. The fives Ncuhis were administrated and controlled different area, but coordinated among of them. The area was divided by the location of the protectorate, the Ncuhi Wera in the North, Ncuhi Bangga Pupa in the South, Ncuhi Bolo in the west, Ncuhi Sape in the east and Ncuhi Dawra in the central part. All of these protectorates were united while Sang Bima, a Kind from Medang Kingdom came and were reigned by all of procterorated as the first King of Bima Kingdom.

The earliest document mentioning about the kingdom of Bima was found in 14th century Majapahit script of Nagarakretagama. Bima was the eponymous capital of the Sultanate of Bima (id:Kesultanan Bima), which seceded after Islamisation in the early 17th century to an ancient Hindu kingdom on the eastern seaboard of the island of Sumbawa.

Only in 1792 the Dutch persuaded Sultan 'Abdu'l Hamid Muhammad Shah to sign a definitive contract, making Bima a protectorate, first of the VOC (indirect rule by charter company) and later of the Dutch Indies, but the colonial hand weighed lighter than in most Indonesian princely states.

Kingdom of Bima[link]

The presence of the Bima in the 11th century AD, helped in advancing the Mbojo's Ncuhi Fund. Since then, Ncuhi Dara and others began to recognize the form of the royal government. Although Sang Bima has returned to the kingdom of Medang in East Java, but still make contact with Ncuhi Dara. Because his spouse came from The Land of Bima Mbojo.

Before founded the kingdom, all Ncuhis agreed to form a union territory under the leadership of Ncuhi Dara (the central Bima's Ncuhi). The decades in East Java,Sang Bima sent two of his sons, named Indra Indra Zamrud (literally: Indra the Emerald) and Indra Kumala to be the Sons of Ncuhis. Indra Zamrud Ncuhi was adopted by Dara. While Indra Kumala was adopted Ncuhi Dorowoni. Entire Ncuhis agreed to nominate the Indra Zamrud became King Sangaji or the King Bima Mbojo. While Indra Kumala nominated to be Sangaji in Dompu.

Indra Zamrud then titled "Indra Zamrud di tuha ro lanti" for being the first King of Bima. After Indra Zamrud was being adults and had an extensive knowledge in the areas of government, then at the end of the 11th century AD, he was titled by in tuha ro Ncuhi Lanti by Ncuhi Dara. With the approval of all Ncuhis, to be Sangaji (the King) of Bima. Thus it ended the Ncuhi era. Mbojo community Bima entered a new era, the era of the kingdom. Government leaders are no longer held by Ncuhi, but held by Sangaji or King. Since the establishment of the kingdom in the mid-11th century AD, Dana Mbojo have two names. At the time of a new kingdom was founded, by the common people and the Ncuhis named Mbojo to be the official name, in accordance with their agreement in deliberations on Babuju. But, the Javanese kingdom was named the land by Bima, taking name from Indra's father's name who was pioneering the establishment of the kingdom. Until now Mbojo has two names, namely Mbojo and Bima.

Once inducted into Sangaji or King, Indra Zamrud strived and fought in earnest to promote his new kingdom. In building the kingdom, he was aided by the Ncuhis. Especially Ncuhi Dara, Ncuhi Parewa, Doro Ncuhi Dorowoni, Bolo and Ncuhi Banggapupa. Historians have not found any evidence or written statements about the existence of such officials, the prime minister and other officials at the Indra Zamrud. Position as Tureli Nggampo or Talk Ruma (the Prime Minister), Ireli (Minister), Rato, Jeneli, Gelarang and other positions, became popular during Sangaji Manggampo Donggo (the 10th King). At that time, there Tureli Ruma Talk Nggampo or famous, brother of Sangaji Bilmana bernarna Manggampo Donggo.

As a new Sangaji di Tuha ro Lanti, then Indra doing development in various fields, such as among others: 1.Belief Though the influence of Medang was very large, but Indra Zamrud did not to impose the subjects Hindu to his people, as religion professed by the royal Medang. The people still adhered to the belief makamba makimbi, the indigenuous animistic belief of Bima Mbojo.

The Ncuhi served as the leader of the religion. Sangaji and people continue to practice the philosophy and outlook on life long. In running the government, still based on the philosophy of the Indra Zamrud's Maja Labo Dahu (means feeling shy and afraid of doing mistakes), and Karawi Mbolo ro Dampa kaboju. Sangaji should act as Hawo ro Ninu or the protector and patron of the people. In building the country, the people must stand together with Sangaji for being resilient, in accordance with the philosophy of "Su’u sa wa’u sia sa wale" (though how heavy duty upheld and carried, the people must do the tasks).

2.Economics Indra Zamrud was in hard effort to increase the prosperity and welfare. To realize these goals, he waskeen to promote agriculture, animal husbandry as well as shipping and commerce. The agriculture and livestock growingm increased prosperity and welfare. The dangers of poverty and hunger was not the case. In the field of shipping and commerce through the same thing. Shipping and commerce were growing forward. Bims's port was then visited by merchants and travelers, from all over the archipelago. They came to buy products of the Kingdom, such as horses, buffalo, yellow wood, sopang wood, rattan, etc. In addition to selling his produce, people could also buy different kinds of goods from the merchants and travelers. Various trade or industry results are beautiful and expensive, they bought from the merchants who came to Dana Bima Mbojo. Goods they bought, among others, various types of ceramics, jewelry of gold, silver, silk and various kinds of weapons.

Indra Zamrud, with the assistance of Ncuhis and people support, had successfully laid a solid foundation for the life of the kingdom. After his death, the struggle continued by his descendants. Indra Sangaji Bima, Batara Bima, as well as the Maha Raja Terati continued the struggle, building Dou Labo Dana (folk and country).

In the reign of Sangaji Manggampo Java, around the 14th century AD, the kingdom of the Mbojo progressed very rapidly. Manggampo Java was the son of Indra Sangaji Terati the empress from the Majapahit aristocracy. That is why Java Manggampo cooperated in building the kingdom of Majapahit. In order to enhance progress in the field of science and technology, Java Manggampo brought experts from Majapahit, under Ajar Panuli. Ajar Panuli and his friends, taught Javanese literature to princes and people of the palace. From them, people was familiar with writing, according to the historian, at that time also Sangaji Manggampo Jawa, pioneered the writing of manuscripts named "Bo". Unfortunately bo manuscripts written in the Java Manggampo, is not there anymore. Bo is a source of history that still exist today, comes from the Bo written in the sultanate era. In addition to contributing to the field of literature. Ajar Panuli

was successfully advance the science of technology. He taught how to manufacture bricks and making Kris and spear.

In the reign of Indra's son Luka Manggampo Java, the relationship with Majapahit was still intimately entwined. Similarly, in the reign of King Maha Indra Sangaji Series, the son of Indra Luka. When the government Sangaji Ma Wa'a Longge Paju, a son of Maha Raja Indra Series, had a severe links with Majapahit, because at that time Majapahit had suffered a setback. Due to the prolonged civil war, after the death of Gajah Mada in 1364. Ma Wa'a Paju Longge who, ruled in the 15th century AD, improving relations with the Kingdom of Gowa. At that time the Kingdom of Gowa, was at the golden age, under the King of Gau Imario Palangga Tumi.

Ma Wa'a Paju Longge went to Gowa to study the science of government and other sciences. Then he sent two of his brothers, who named Bilmana and Manggampo Donggo to Gowa. Since then the political system of government, agriculture, trade and shipping and commerce, following the prevailing system in Gowa. Gowa were also affecting the culture, arts of Mbojo Bima.

After Ma Wa'a Paju Longge Sangaji died, according to the applicable provisions, if Sangaji who died had no son, then the place would be given to the oldest brother. That provision had been violated by Bilmana and Manggampo Donggo. With great sincerity, Bilmana handed to his brother Manggampo Sangaji position. He himself holds the Tureli Nggampo (Prime Minister). This was done for the people and country. Because Manggampo Donggo had the talent and expertise to become Sangaji. While suitable for a Tureli Bilmana Nggampo. Wisdom was reinforced by an oath called the oath Bilmana and Manggampo Donggo. Since then the descendants Manggampo Donggo was being the successors. In contrast, children and grandchildren Bilmana was being Tureli Nggampo or Ruma Talk. Manggampo Bilmana Donggo together, shoulder to shoulder to build the kingdom. They fought without giving up familiar.Agriculture and livestock development. Farm and ranch expanded. Both print new fields were fertile. Most of rice for the sake of the kingdom and partly to the people. Areas not suitable for agriculture, made the ranch.

The system of government, enhanced and adapted to the system prevailing in the Kingdom of Gowa Besides Sangaji and Tureli Nggampo, well appointed Tureli (Minister), Jeneli (subdistrict), Gelara (the village). Shipping and commerce were growing rapidly. Ships and boats increased in number and quality. Follow the navigation and commerce of Gowa empire.

Enhanced security of the kingdom as well. Army and Marine facilities and armament updated. War commander held by Renda, who served as commander of the army. Navy led by an admiral who called Pabise. The work done by two brothers, managed to succeed. So at the end of the 15th century, the Kingdom of Bima Mbojo into a crowded commercial center in the eastern archipelago, besides Gowa and Ternate. At that time, the Kingdom of Bima Mbojo was a rice warehouse in addition to Lombok.

Developments in the field of literature and art and culture was quite bright. Manggampo Donggo introduces characters which learned from Gowa. It eventually became the character Mbojo alphabet. Manggampo Donggo continued writing the script Mbojo Bo. Arts and culture of Gowa studied and developed in the community. Thus, was born Mbojo cultural arts, a lot of similarities with Makassar and Bugis arts and culture.

Mbojo Bima kingdom's territory, stretching from Satonda in the west to the east of Alor and Solor. Expansion of the region conducted by La Mbila, son Bilmana. Kingdom of Bima Mbojo had its glory, continued to survive until the Sangaji Wa'a Ndapa Ma died, the son of Manggampo Donggo around the 16th century AD.

Transportation[link]

Bima is connected through trans Sumbawa road to Sape harbour in the east and Dompu in Southwest all the way to Sumbawa Besar and Taliwang in the western part of Sumbawa. Bus services connected Bima to other neighboring cities in Sumbawa as far as Mataram in Lombok are available. Air transportation is served through Sultan Salahuddin Airport in southern outskirt of Bima by Merpati Nusantara Airlines and Wings Air to Denpasar and Surabaya.

Tourism[link]

Bima has several well-known tourism objects, such as Mount Tambora, Wawo traditional Village, Snake Island, Ana fari Lake (Lake of the angels) or Satonda Island. There are many of white-sandy beaches in the south and northern part of Bima, which have a beautiful scene, but still rare to visit. Bima only has modest tourism accommodations, such as melati class hotels and restaurants. The city's main attraction is the Sultan Salahuddin mosque and Sultan Salahuddin museum (former Bima Sultanate palace). Bima is usually served as the air-hub for domestic and foreign visitors that are more attracted to visit Hu'u beach for surfing or Tambora volcano for hiking.

Sources, References and External links[link]

• Official website
• http://www.bimacenter.com/
• http://www.bimatourism.com/
• RoyalArk- Indonesia- Bima
• Bima Wordlist at the Austronesian Basic Vocabulary Database

Further reading[link]

• Abdurrazak daeng Patunru, Sedjarah Goa. Jajasan Kebudajaen Sulawesi Selatan dan Tenggara, Makassar, 1967.
• D.F.van Braam Morris, "Nota van toelichting behoorende bij het contract gesloten met het Landschap Bima op den 20sten October 1886". Tijdschrift voor Indische Taal-, Land- en Volkenkunde uitgegeven door het Bataviaasch Genootschap van Kunsten en Wetenschappen. Deel XXXIV, pp. 176–233. Batavia, 1891.
• Henri Chambert-Loir. Ceritera Asal Bangsa Jin dan Segala Dewa-Dewa, Ecole française d'Extrême-Orient, Bandung, Angkasa, 1985.
• Henri Chambert-Loir and Siti Maryam R. Salahuddin, Bo' Sangaji Kai: Catatan Kerajaan Bima. Ecole française d'Extrême-Orient/Yayasan Obor Indonesia, Jakarta, 1999.
• A. Ligtvoet, "Transcriptie van de Lontara-Bilang of het Dagboek der Vorsten van Gowa en Tello", Bijdragen tot de Taal-, Land- en Volkenkunde van Nederlandsch-Indië, Vierde Volgreeks, Vierde Deel - 1e stuk. Koninklijk Instituut voor Taal-, Land- en Volkenkunde, The Hague, 1880. pages 1–259.
• Dr S.W.R. Mulyadi and H.Siti Maryam R. Salahuddin, SH. Bandar Bima. Departemen Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan …, 1993.
• Dr S.W.R. Mulyadi and H.Siti Maryam R. Salahuddin, SH. Katalogus Naskah Melayu Bima. Yayasan Museum Kepudayaan "Samparaja" Bima, 1990.
• J. Noorduyn, Bima en Sumbawa: Bijdragen tot de geschiedenis van de sultanen Bima en Sumbawa door A. Ligtvoet en G.P. Rouffaer. Foris Publications, Dordrecht-Holland, 1987.
• J. Noorduyn, "Makasar and the Islamization of Bima". Bijdragen tot de Taal-, Land- en Volkenkunde van Nederlandsch-Indië. Uitgegeven door het Koninklijk Instituut voor Taal-, Land- en Volkenkunde, part 143, pp. 312–342.

Coordinates: 8°32′0″S 118°41′0″E / 8.533333°S 118.683333°E / -8.533333; 118.683333

v t e Regencies and cities of West Nusa Tenggara Capital: Mataram Regencies Bima Dompu West Lombok Central Lombok East Lombok North Lombok Sumbawa West Sumbawa Cities Bima Mataram See also: List of regencies and cities of Indonesia