Mineral dust - Video Learning - WizScience.com
"
Mineral dust" is a term used to indicate atmospheric aerosols originated from the suspension of minerals constituting the soil, being composed of various oxides and carbonates.
Human activities lead to 30% of the dust load in the atmosphere.
The Sahara Desert is the major source of mineral dust, which subsequently spreads across the
Mediterranean and
Caribbean seas into northern
South America,
Central America,
North America, and
Europe. Additionally, it plays a significant role in the nutrient inflow to the
Amazon rainforest.
The Gobi Desert is another source of dust in the atmosphere, which affects eastern
Asia and western North America.
Mineral dust is mainly constituted of the oxides and carbonates that constitute the
Earth's crust.
Global mineral dust emissions are estimated at 1000-5000 millions of tons per year, of which the largest part is attributed to deserts. Although this aerosol class is usually considered of natural origin, it is estimated that about a quarter of mineral dust emissions could be ascribed to human activities through desertification and land
use changes.
Large dust concentrations may cause problems to people having respiratory problems.
Another effect of dust clouds is more colorful sunsets.
The Sahara is the major source on
Earth of mineral dust .
Saharan dust can be lifted by convection over hot desert areas, and can thus reach very high altitudes; from there it can be transported worldwide by winds, covering distances of thousands of kilometers. The dust combined with the extremely hot, dry air of the
Sahara Desert often forms an atmospheric layer called the
Saharan Air Layer which has significant effects on tropical weather, especially as it interferes with the development of hurricanes.
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