Call and response

Call and response is a form of "spontaneous verbal non-verbal interaction between speaker and listener in which all of the statements ('calls') are punctuated by expressions ('responses') from the listener."

In African cultures, call-and-response is a pervasive pattern of democratic participation—in public gatherings, in the discussion of civic affairs, in religious rituals, as well as in vocal and instrumental musical expression (see call and response in music). It is this tradition that African bondsmen and bondswomen have transmitted over the years in various forms of expression—in religious observance; public gatherings; even in children's rhymes; and, most notably, in music in its multiple forms: gospel, blues, rhythm and blues, jazz, hip-hop and go-go. In contemporary African American worship services, where call and response is pervasive, a pastor will call out to his congregants to engage an enthusiastic response. For example:

Call and response is inherently connected to the historical African religious roots, which served as the foundation for African American religious thought and behavior. It was even noticed by slave masters as early as the arrival of the first slave ships in Virginia in the 17th century.

Police ID Dead Dallas Shooting Suspect As Army Vet Micah Xavier Johnson

Edit WorldNews.com 08 Jul 2016

Micah Xavier Johnson, 25, a U.S ... “We were able to take out one of the suspects, who had been cornered in the garage, with an explosive device. We’ve got other possible suspects that we’re interviewing. They’re not being real cooperative at this point.” –Dallas Mayor Mike RawlingsThe shooting was responsible for the death of five police officers and wounding of six others, the report said. Two civilians were also wounded in the attacks....

photo: AP / Anjum Naveed, File

FILE - In this Monday, Aug. 2, 2010 file photo, Pakistan's humanitarian leader Abdul Sattar Edhi collects donations at a roadside in Peshawar, Pakistan. The family of Pakistan's legendary philanthropist Abdul Sattar Edhi says he has died at a hospital in Karachi. (AP Photo/Anjum Naveed, File)

Pakistan's 'Angel of Mercy' Edhi Dies at 88

Edit WorldNews.com 08 Jul 2016

Pakistan's legendary philanthropist Abdul Sattar Edhi, known as the “Angel of Mercy' who devoted his life to the poor and the destitute, died on Friday at a hospital in Karachi following a prolonged illness, The Associated Press reports ... We have lost a great servant of humanity ... This loss is irreparable for the people of Pakistan."...

photo: AP / Tony Gutierrez

A Dallas police officer covers his face as he stands with others outside the emergency room at Baylor University Medical Center, Friday, July 8, 2016, in Dallas. Snipers opened fire on police officers in the heart of Dallas on Thursday night, killing some of the officers.

Suspected sniper dies from self-inflicted wound after standoff with Dallas police; five officers killed in attacks

Edit Fox News 08 Jul 2016

A suspected sniper who was in a standoff with Dallas Police early Friday reportedly died from a self-inflicted gunshot wound hours after five officers were killed and several others were wounded in an attack targeting law enforcement officers during a protest march ... ....

photo: Public Domain

Pentagon Press Secretary Navy Rear Adm. John Kirby briefs reporters at the Pentagon

US expels 2 Russians after American diplomat attacked in Moscow

Edit Press TV 08 Jul 2016

The United States has expelled two Russian officials following an attack on an American diplomat outside the US Embassy in Moscow last month, the State Department says. The US diplomat was attacked by a Russian guard on June 6 and the incident was caught on a security camera ... "On June 17, we expelled two Russian officials from the United States to respond to this attack," Kirby added....

photo: US DoS

U.S. Secretary of State John Kerry and U.S. Defense Secretary Ash Carter look on as Polish President Andrzej Duda makes remarks on July 8, 2016, at the National Stadium in Warsaw, Poland, during a joint statement with President Obama following a bilateral meeting on the sidelines of the NATO Summit.

NATO leaders meet to deal with threats from Russia, south

Edit Yahoo Daily News 08 Jul 2016

In an op-ed published in the Financial Times, Obama called on NATO to stand firm against Russia, terrorism and other challenges, and to "summon the political will, and make concrete commitments" to strengthen European cooperation after the British people's vote in June to leave the European Union....

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Police chief pens passionate letter to fellow officers after Dallas shooting

Edit Mashable 09 Jul 2016

A police chief in Kenyon, Minnesota has posted a powerful response to Thursday night's shootings in Dallas that left five officers dead and seven injured ... For 17 hours, Dallas PD called an innocent man a suspect ... "We expect you to be kind, we expect you to be fair, we expect you to be professional, and we expect you to do the best you can on every call for service," he writes ... We have calls for service that we need to respond to....

Freebox: Free making monthly plans even better by adding more inclusive fixed-line call destinations (Iliad SA)

Edit Public Technologies 09 Jul 2016

by adding more inclusive fixed-line call destinations. Free is continuing to improve its Freebox plans, and is now the first operator to offer inclusive calls to fixed-line numbers in Egypt, Nigeria, New Caledonia and Wallis and Futuna. With the addition of these new destinations, Freebox plans - which start at €29.99 per month - now feature inclusive calls to fixed-line numbers in over 110 destinations....

STATEMENT ON VIOLENCE FROM ARCHBISHOP ROBERT CARLSON (Archdiocese of St Louis)

Edit Public Technologies 09 Jul 2016

Already, dangerously irresponsible voices are calling for more hate and violent retribution, adding darkness upon darkness. We stand with the Church, all Christians, members of all faiths, and people of good will in calling for love, peace, justice and reconciliation ... Louis published this content on 08 July 2016 and is solely responsible for the information contained herein....

UNDETERMINED DEATH INVESTIGATION (Long Beach Police Department)

Edit Public Technologies 09 Jul 2016

Anyone with information regarding this incident is urged to call Homicide Detectives Mark Mattia and Shea Robertson at (562) 570-7244 ... Long Beach Police Department published this content on 08 July 2016 and is solely responsible for the information contained herein....

Amnesty International statement on Dallas shootings (Amnesty International Australia)

Edit Public Technologies 09 Jul 2016

'We must remember that the public's response to the deaths of Alton Sterling, Philando Castile and Jerry Williams have been overwhelmingly peaceful ... We call on law enforcement officers to facilitate that right.'....

Piedmont Park hanging reaction shows power of social media

Edit Atlanta Journal 09 Jul 2016

The response shows yet another situation in which social media shaped a narrative and forced not only news coverage, but a response from government ... When asked why the FBI was called in to investigate an apparent suicide, Reed contended the agency was contacted well before the story went viral ... “We made the judgment that it was best to call our partners at the FBI because we did not want there to be a hint of a cover-up,” Reed said ... ....

While You Were Offline: Beyoncé Calls for Action and Sulu Comes Out

Edit Wired News 09 Jul 2016

From Beyoncé's response to more police shootings to Spice Girls' "Wannabe" becoming a gender equality song to Sulu's coming out, it was a busy week online. The post While You Were Offline. Beyoncé Calls for Action and Sulu Comes Out appeared first on WIRED ... ....

$20,000 Reward Offered in Hipster Bandit Bank Robbery Investigation (Federal Bureau of Investigation - San Diego Field Office)

Edit Public Technologies 09 Jul 2016

The Hipster Bandit is believed to be responsible for 10 bank robberies (eight completed robberies and two attempted robberies) ... Generally, the Hipster Bandit waits in line until he is called by the next available teller, greets the teller, and holds up a demand note indicating 'this is a robbery' while demanding specific denominations of money....

07/11/16 ~ City of Blue Mound Budget Workshop Meeting (City of Blue Mound, TX)

Edit Public Technologies 09 Jul 2016

The City Council of the City of Blue Mound will hold a Special Called Budget Workshop Meeting Monday, July 11, 2016 in the City Hall Council Chambers at 301 Blue Mound Road at 7.00 P.M ... Call to Order/Invocation ... City of Blue Mound, TX published this content on 08 July 2016 and is solely responsible for the information contained herein ......

Still In The Doldrums

Edit Modern Ghana 09 Jul 2016

And it came to pass that electricity-starved Ghanaians were assured that the energy crisis responsible for the anomaly was going to be fixed soon ... When signs of load shedding became evident a few weeks ago and people pointed that out, they were shouted down with the explanation that some challenges were responsible for the power outages ... As for the so-called subsidy, it is only a cover difficult to verify....

Speaker Ryan calls for focus on 'the values that unite us'

Edit Philadelphia Daily News 09 Jul 2016

That message was promptly undercut by a Texas Republican congressman, who suggested President Barack Obama bore some responsibility for recent police violence ... He called it a "long month for America," saying the nation has seen terrible and senseless things ... 2 House Democratic leader Steny Hoyer of Maryland agreed to talk Saturday about assembling a bipartisan response that could be announced next week ... ....

Facebook ‘hunting ground’ that could cost you thousands

Edit The Independent 09 Jul 2016

It can take hours of effort for a victim to prove they were not responsible for any debt or spending, and to protect their various accounts following fraud ... Top tips to steer clear of fraud Never provide card details or personal information in response to an unsolicited email, call or web request. Verify the contact details by searching for the official website and calling the number displayed there....

Denver police union wants officers in riot gear as protests continue, but chief says there is no need to escalate tension

Edit Denver Post 09 Jul 2016

In the wake of an ambush on Dallas police officers, Denver’s police union has renewed its call for officers to be dressed in riot gear for local protests ... There would be fewer cars to respond to calls and response times would be slower ... “You want to do your best to not do anything that will ramp up emotional responses,” he said....

Call and response