- published: 25 Apr 2008
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Mexico (i/ˈmɛksɨkoʊ/; Spanish: México, IPA: [ˈmexiko] (
listen)), officially the United Mexican States (Spanish:
Estados Unidos Mexicanos (help·info)), is a federal constitutional republic in North America. It is bordered on the north by the United States of America; on the south and west by the Pacific Ocean; on the southeast by Guatemala, Belize, and the Caribbean Sea; and on the east by the Gulf of Mexico. Covering almost two million square kilometres (over 760,000 sq mi), Mexico is the fifth largest country in the Americas by total area and the thirteenth largest independent nation in the world. With an estimated population of over 113 million, it is the eleventh most populous country and the most populous Spanish-speaking country. Mexico is a federation comprising thirty-one states and a Federal District, the capital city.
In Pre-Columbian Mexico many cultures matured into advanced civilizations such as the Olmec, the Toltec, the Teotihuacan, the Zapotec, the Maya and the Aztec before the first contact with Europeans. In 1521, Spain conquered and colonized the territory from its base in México-Tenochtitlan, which was administered as the Viceroyalty of New Spain. This territory would eventually become Mexico as the colony's independence was recognized in 1821. The post-independence period was characterized by economic instability, the Mexican-American War and territorial cession to the United States, a civil war, two empires and a domestic dictatorship. The latter led to the Mexican Revolution in 1910, which culminated with the promulgation of the 1917 Constitution and the emergence of the country's current political system. Elections held in July 2000 marked the first time that an opposition party won the presidency from the Institutional Revolutionary Party.
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Actors: Barbara Dittus (actress), Harry Hindemith (actor), Wolfgang Hübner (actor), Otto Mellies (actor), Gerhard Rachold (actor), Dieter Franke (actor), Achim Hübner (director), Else Wolz (actress), Joachim Zschocke (actor), Dieter Zöllter (actor), Paul Zeidler (actor), Karl-Heinz Jakobs (writer),
Genres: ,Mexicanos, al grito de guerra
El acero aprestad y el bridon;
y retiemble en sus centros la tierra
Al sonoro rugir del canon.
Cina -oh patria! tus sienes de olivo
De la Paz el arcangel divino,
Que en el cielo tu eterno destino
Por el dedo de Dios se escribio.
Mas si osare un extrano enemigo
Profanar con su planta tu suelo,
Piensa -oh patria querida! que el cielo
Un soldado en cada hijo te dio.
CORO
II
-Guerra, guerra sin tregua al que intente
De la patria manchar los blasones!
-Guerra, guerra! Los patrios pendones
En las olas de sangre empapad.
-Guerra, guerra! En el monte, en el valle
Los canones horrisonos truenen
Y los ecos sonoros resuenen
Con las voces de -Union! -Libertad!
CORO
III
Antes, patria, que inermes tus hijos
Bajo el yugo su cuello dobleguen,
Tus campinas con sangre se rieguen,
Sobre sangre se estampe su pie.
Y tus templos, palacios y torres
Se derrumben con horrido estruendo,
Y sus ruinas existan diciendo:
De mil heroes la patria aqui fue.
CORO
IV
-Patria! -patria! Tus hijos te juran
Exhalar en tus aras su aliento,
Si el clarin con su belico acento
Los convoca a lidiar con valor.
-Para ti las guirnaldas de oliva!
-Un recuerdo para ellos de gloria!
-Un laurel para ti de victoria!
-Un sepulcro para ellos de honor!
CORO
Mexicanos, al grito de guerra
El acero aprestad y el bridon,
y retiemble en sus centros la tierra
Al sonoro rugir del canon.