All leadership is responsible for influencing followers to perform an action, complete a task, or behave in a specific manner ⁶. Effective leaders influence process, stimulate change in subordinate’s attitudes and values, augment followers’ self-efficacy beliefs, and foster the internalization of the leaders’ vision by utilizing strategies of empowerment⁶. It is believed that the nurturing aspect of leaders can raise organizational cultures and employee values to high levels of ethical concern⁶. Ethical leadership requires ethical leaders⁶. If leaders are ethical, they can ensure that ethical practices are carried out throughout the organization.

Leadership[link]

Ethical leadership is leadership that is involved in leading in a manner that respects the rights and dignity of others⁷. “As leaders are by nature in a position of social power, ethical leadership focuses on how leaders use their social power in the decisions they make, actions they engage in and ways they influence others”⁷. Leaders who are ethical demonstrate a level of integrity that is important for stimulating a sense of leader trustworthiness, which is important for followers to accept the vision of the leader⁷. These are critical and direct components to leading ethically⁴. The character and integrity of the leader provide the basis for personal characteristics that direct a leader’s ethical beliefs, values, and decisions⁷. Individual values and beliefs impact the ethical decisions of leaders⁹.

Leaders who are ethical are people-oriented⁷, and also aware of how their decisions impact others⁸, and use their social power to serve the greater good instead of self-serving interests⁷. In ethical leadership it is important for the leader to consider how his or her decisions impact others⁷. Motivating followers to put the needs or interests of the group ahead of their own is another quality of ethical leaders³. Motivating involves engaging others in an intellectual and emotional commitment between leaders and followers that makes both parties equally responsible in the pursuit of a common goal⁴. These characteristics of ethical leaders are similar to inspirational motivation, which is a style component of transformational leadership². Inspirational motivation “involves inspiring others to work towards the leader’s vision for the group and to be committed to the group”⁷. Similarly, ethical leadership “falls within the nexus of inspiring, stimulating, and visionary leader behaviors that make up transformational and charismatic leadership”⁴. Ethical leaders assist followers in gaining a sense of personal competence that allows them to be self-sufficient by encouraging and empowering them⁷.

Ethical leadership in organizations[link]

In organizational communication, ethics in leadership are very important. Business leaders must make decisions that will not only benefit them, but also they must think about how the other people will be affected (Stansbury 33). The best leaders make known their values and their ethics and preach them in their leadership style and actions. It consists of communicating complete and accurate information, where there is a personal, professional, ethical, or legal obligation to do so (McQueeney 165). When practicing ethics, you gain the respect and admiration of employees, with the satisfaction of knowing you did the right thing. If you never make clear what you want, and expect, then it can cause mistrust.

Being unethical in the workplace can include anything from taking personal phone calls while at your desk, telling someone the "check is in the mail", when in fact it hasn't even been written yet, and even taking office supplies home for your personal use. Most organizations create an ethical code, which is usually a list of rules that tells you what behaviors are right and what are wrong in the company.

For your organization, you might want to let employees know your values right off the bat. Such values can be, teamwork, ambition, honesty, efficiency, quality, accomplishment, and dedication.

Enron Corporation[link]

One of the most famous examples of not having an ethical leader is in the company Enron. According to Seeger and Ulmer, which is noted in Organizational Communication: Perspectives and Trends by Michael J. Papa, Tom D. Daniels and Barry K. Spiker, this is the best way to understand ethical failures.

Enron Corporation is a gas pipeline company that turned into a huge enterprise. In 2001, the company collapsed due to scandals and bad leadership. Basically, the reason why they failed was due to a set of values that employees had to agree to, but in fact executives were demonstrating a different set of values. Due to this miscommunication of values and other important facts, the company went bankrupt.

The conclusion to the Enron case, according to Wee Heesun, is that smart CEOs will realize that an honest, transparent, and trustworthy culture can also bolster employee morale and ultimately guard shareholder value.

Opposing viewpoints[link]

Opposing perspectives surrounding ethical leadership exist. The perspectives of ethical leadership summarized above present a social learning view that involves role modeling and promotes normative and ethically appropriate conduct that is demonstrated in the decisions that leaders make⁴. Contrasting perspectives focus on the leaders’ cognitions and actions, and assert that ethical leadership is demonstrated through multiple levels of psychological processes⁷ that impact behavior and not social learning.

References[link]

This article includes a list of references, related reading or external links, but its sources remain unclear because it lacks inline citations. Please improve this article by introducing more precise citations. (March 2010)

1. Barnard, C. I. (1938). The functions of the executive. Cambridge: Harvard University Press.
2. Bass, B. M. (1985). Leadership and performance beyond expectations. New York, NY: Free Press. # Bonner, W. (2007). Locating a space for ethics to appear in decision-making: Privacy as an exemplar. Journal of Business Ethics, 70, 221-234.
3. Brown, M. E., Trevino, L. K., & Harrison, D. A. (2005). Ethical leadership: A social learning perspective for construct development and testing. Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, 97, 117-134.
4. Dirks, K. T., & Ferrin, D. L. (2002). Trust in leadership: Meta-analytic findings and implications for research and practice. Journal of Applied Psychology, 87, 611- 628.
5. Reilly, E. C. (2006). The future entering: Reflections on and challenges to ethical leadership. Educational Leadership and Administration, 18, 163-173.
6. Resick, C. J., Hanges, P. J., Dickson, M. W., & Mitchelson, J. K. (2006). A cross-cultural examination of the endorsement of ethical leadership. Journal of Business Ethics, 63, 345-359.
7. Trevino, L. K., Brown, M., & Hartman, L. P. (2003). A qualitative investigation of perceived executive ethical leadership: Perceptions from inside and outside the executive suite. Human Relations, 56(1), 5-37.
8. Watts, T. (2008). Business Leaders’ Values and Beliefs Regarding Decision Making Ethics. Los Angeles, CA: LULU.
9. Papa, M.J., Daniels, T.D., Spiker, B.K.(2008). Organizational Communication: Perspectives and Trends. Los Angeles, CA: SAGE Publications.
10. McQueeny, E.(2006). Making Ethics Come Alive. Business Communication Quarterly, 69(2), 158-170
11. Wee, H. Corporate Ethics: Right makes might. Business Week Online.
12. Stansbury, J.(2009). Reasoned Moral Agreement: Applying discourse ethics within organizations. Business Ethics Quarterly. 19(1), 33-56.

"Zig" Ziglar
Ziglar in March 2009
Born	(1926-11-06) November 6, 1926 (age 85) Coffee County, Alabama
Nationality	American
Other names	Hilary Hinton Ziglar
Alma mater	University of South Carolina
Occupation	Salesman, motivational speaker, author

Hilary Hinton "Zig" Ziglar (born 6 November 1926) is an American author, salesman, and motivational speaker.

Biography[link]

Zig Ziglar was born in Coffee County, Alabama, to parents John Silas Ziglar and Viola Ziglar. He was the tenth of 12 children.^[1]

In 1931, when Ziglar was five years old, his father took a management position at a Mississippi farm, and his family moved to Yazoo City, Mississippi, where he spent most of his early childhood. In 1932, his father died of a stroke, and his younger sister died two days later.

Ziglar served in the Navy during World War II (circa 1943 to 1945). He was in the Navy V-12 Navy College Training Program, attending the University of South Carolina.

In 1944 he met his wife, Jean, in Jackson, Mississippi; he was 17 and she was 16. They married in late 1946.^{[2][citation needed]}

Ziglar later worked as a salesman in a succession of companies. In 1968 he became a vice president and training director for the Automotive Performance company, moving to Dallas, Texas.

In 1970, Ziglar went into the business of motivational speaking full-time, with an emphasis on Christian values. Until then, he had called himself by his given name, Hilary, but now started using his nickname, Zig, instead.^{[citation needed]}

As of 2010^[update], Ziglar still travels around taking part in motivational seminars, despite a fall down a flight of stairs in 2007 that left him with short-term memory problems.^[3]

Books[link]

• Ziglar, Zig (1975). See You at the Top. Gretna: Pelican Pub. Co. ISBN 0-88289-126-X.  Pelican publisher Milburn E. Calhoun reported his greatest succhess with See You at the Top, which had been rejected by some thirty publishers previously.^[4]
• Ziglar, Zig (1982). Zig Ziglar's Secrets of Closing the Sale. New York: Berkley Books. ISBN 0-425-08102-8. 
• Ziglar, Zig (1985). Raising Positive Kids in a Negative World. Nashville: Oliver Nelson. ISBN 0-8407-9039-2. 
• Ziglar, Zig (1986). Top Performance: How to Develop Excellence in Yourself and Others. New York: Berkley Books. ISBN 0-425-09973-3. 
• Ziglar, Zig (1994). Over the Top. Nashville: Thomas Nelson Publishers. ISBN 0-8407-9112-7. 
• Ziglar, Zig (1998). Success for Dummies. Foster City, Calif: IDG Books. ISBN 0-7645-5061-6. 
• Ziglar, Zig; Hayes, John P. (2001). Network Marketing For Dummies. Foster City, Calif: IDG Books. ISBN 0-7645-5292-9. 
• Ziglar, Zig (2003). Selling 101: What Every Successful Sales Professional Needs to Know. Nashville: Thomas Nelson Publishers. ISBN 0-7852-6481-7. 
• Ziglar, Zig (2004). Confessions of a Grieving Christian. Nashville: B&H Publishing Group. ISBN 0-8054-2745-7. 
• Ziglar, Zig (2004). The Autobiography of Zig Ziglar. New York: Random House. ISBN 0-385-50297-4. 
• Ziglar, Zig (2006). Better Than Good: Creating a Life You Can't Wait to Live. Nashville: Thomas Nelson Publishers. ISBN 978-0-7852-8919-7. 
• Ziglar, Zig; Norman, Julie Ziglar (2009). Embrace the Struggle: Living Life on Life's Terms. New York: Howard Books. ISBN 978-1-4391-4219-6. 
• Ziglar, Zig; Ziglar, Tom (2012). Born to Win: Find Your Success Code. Dallas: SUCCESS Media. 

References[link]

1. ^ Cecil Johnson, "Hokey narration may motivate entrepreneurs", 28 March 2004 in Fort Worth Star-Telegram. Accessed 10 May 2012.
2. ^ Erin Casey. "Zig Ziglar's Lessons From The Top". Success Magazine. http://www.successmagazine.com/Zig-Ziglars-Lessons-From-The-Top/PARAMS/article/337/channel/19. Retrieved 2008-10-27. 
3. ^ Vanderlaan, Jon (11 September 2010). "Zig Ziglar still making a difference". Plano Star Courier. http://www.planostar.com/articles/2010/10/05/plano_star-courier/plano_insider/398.txt. Retrieved 5 October 2010. 
4. ^ Milburn E. Calhoun obituary, Monroe News Star, January 11, 2012

External links[link]

Wikimedia Commons has media related to: Zig Ziglar

Wikiquote has a collection of quotations related to: Zig Ziglar

• Official website
• Booknotes interview with Ziglar on Zig: The Autobiography of Zig Ziglar, October 6, 2002.

This article about an American businessperson born in the 1920s is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it. v t e

John P. Morgridge (born 1933)^[1] is an American businessman who was the chairman of the board of Cisco Systems.

Background[link]

Morgridge is from Wauwatosa, Wisconsin and attended Wauwatosa East High School. He graduated from the University of Wisconsin in 1955; while at Wisconsin he joined Delta Upsilon Fraternity. He worked part-time at jobs such as washing equipment in a sweet pea cannery, digging stone at the quarry in Lannon, washing walls in Milwaukee's Pabst Brewery, doing road construction on Highway 64, and working as a railroad brakeman.^[2]

He earned an MBA from Stanford University in 1957.

At Cisco[link]

He joined Cisco in 1988 as its second chief executive officer and chairman of the board. He was replaced by John Chambers as CEO in 1995 and as Chairman in 2006.

Morgridge serves on several corporate and charity boards of directors, including the Nature Conservancy and the Wisconsin Alumni Research Foundation, and is a trustee of Stanford University, where he teaches management at the Graduate School of Business.

Morgridge was featured in the documentary film Something Ventured which premiered in 2011.

He and his wife, Tashia (whom he met in high school; they both went to Tosa East^[3]), are among the group of American billionaires who have committed to give the majority of their wealth to the philanthropic causes and/or charities as part of The Giving Pledge.

External links[link]

• Biography from The Nature Conservancy
• Biography from Cisco Systems

References[link]

This article about a chief executive from the United States is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it. v t e

Tareq Al-Suwaidan
Born	(1953-11-15) November 15, 1953 (age 58) Kuwait
Education	Penn State University
Occupation	An Author, a speaker and the director of the arabsat TV channel Alresalah
Religion	Islam Sufi Non-Sunni
Website
www.suwaidan.com

Dr. Tareq Mohammed Al-Suwaidan (Arabic: طارق محمد السويدان‎; born November 15, 1953) is a Kuwaiti entrepreneur of limited success, author , speaker and director of the arabsat TV channel Alresalah as well as a leader of the Kuwati Muslim Brotherhood ( The Muslim Brotherhood , A political Movement not actualy following Sunni Islam has been considered a terrorist organization by Many Western and Middle Eastern countries for over 50 years ) . He is well-known in the Middle East and in Muslim communities throughout the world for his management/strategic planning training, motivational speaking and television shows and appearances as well as his controversial Views that contradict Mainstream Islamic thought and is considered by many to be a deviant . According to Forbes magazine (Arabic edition: Forbes Arabia), Al-Suwaidan ranks second in annual net income among Islamic speakers in the Muslim world with an estimated net profit of $1 million in 2007.^[1] Al-Suwaidan claims to be trained in the classical Islamic sciences in his youth but this claim is unsubstantiated .He lived and studied in the United States, having received a B.S. in petroleum and natural gas engineering from University of Pennsylvania and an M.Sc. and Ph.D. in petroleum engineering from the University of Tulsa.^[2] .

Media and management[link]

Al-Suwaidan is a TV personality, with TV shows ranking among the highest in ratings on Middle East satellite TV channels such as MBC, Abu Dhabi TV, Orbit, Dream, Iqra and Al-Resalah TV.^[3][4][5] An estimated 10 million viewers tune in daily to his show on MBC annually in Ramadan^[6]

Al-Suwaidan is the General Manager of Al-Resalah Satellite TV, the brainchild of the very liberal Saudi businessman Prince Al-Waleed bin Talal which begs the question , why does a very liberal Billionaire Support a leader of the Islamic Brother hood ? .^[7]

Al-Suwaidan is a management, leadership and strategic planning consultant in the Middle East and is CEO of the Gulf Innovation Groups.^[8] He is frequently consulted by prominent regional governmental and private sector organizations.^[9] He is also the chairman of the AWARE (Advocates for Western-Arab Relations & Exchange) center in Kuwait.^[10]

Views and ideology[link]

Al-Suwaidan is a leader of the Muslim Brotherhood in Kuwait and describes himself as a "moderate Islamist".^[11][12] Al-Suwaidan holds pro-democratic, free speech and freedom of religion viewpoints and is one of the signatories of A Common Word Between Us and You, an open letter by Islamic scholars to Christian leaders, calling for peace and understanding.^[13][14] He has supported women's rights within Islamic sharia law and advocated for reforming traditional understanding of Islam.^[15][16] Al-Suwaidan has condemned the 9/11 terrorists saying "these people are very dangerous to themselves, to the Arab world, to the Islamic world itself, and to Islam itself."^[17]

Al-Suwaidan has called for the liberation of Palestine and said Muslims would be willing to sacrifice their sons for the cause of the Al-Aqsa mosque.^[18] In May 2007, Al-Suwaidan was listed by U.S. federal prosecutors, along with a group of U.S. Muslim Brotherhood members, as an unindicted co-conspirator in the terrorism financing case against the Holy Land Foundation for Relief and Development which was convicted along with its leaders of financing Hamas.^[19][20][21] Al-Suwaidan has not been charged in any associated prosecutions.

In 2006 he demanded that the European Union, as well as the rest of the world, enact “a law that forbids the insult to religious figures and religious sacred opinions.”^[22][23]

Educational initiatives[link]

Al-Suwaidan was one of the founders of the American Creativity Academy in Kuwait, a private institution that offers an American college-preparatory education within the context of Islamic values , and was then subsequently pushed out by the majority partners when they discovered his political and ideological motives behind the educational project .^[24][25][26]

He is also one of the founders of AGS (Advanced Generations School) in Saudi Arabia, a "Canadian school with an Islamic identity." Students study English under the Canadian Curriculum, and take Islamic and Arabic classes as well.

Books and audio productions[link]

Al-Suwaidan is the author of thirty best-selling books, his most popular being: Iidad Alkada (make leaders), and spoken word audio tape albums. His album, Qasas al Anbiyaa (Lives of the Prophets) is the highest-selling Islamic album in the world with well over 2 million copies sold. Additionally, over 1.2 million listeners have downloaded his lectures on the popular Islamic broadcast website "Islamway".^[27]

References[link]

1. ^ http://www.alarabiya.net/articles/2008/02/28/46255.html
2. ^ http://www.suwaidan.com/cv.jsp
3. ^ http://www.suwaidan.com/cv.jsp
4. ^ http://www.tbsjournal.com/SuwaidanInterview.html
5. ^ http://www.thedohadebates.com/output/Page29.asp
6. ^ http://www.thedohadebates.com/output/Page29.asp
7. ^ [1]
8. ^ http://www.gulfinnovation.com/index.jsp?inc=2&cid=1&lang=en
9. ^ http://www.suwaidan.com/cv.jsp
10. ^ http://www.tbsjournal.com/SuwaidanInterview.html
11. ^ "Help cure West's ills, Muslims told", Catherine Porter, Toronto Star, Monday, January 6, 2003, Ontario edition, Section: News, p. A08
12. ^ http://www.tbsjournal.com/SuwaidanInterview.html
13. ^ http://acommonword.com/index.php?lang=en&page=faq#link7
14. ^ http://www.tbsjournal.com/SuwaidanInterview.html
15. ^ Al-Suwaidan on Tim Sebastian's the Doha Debates arguing pro the motion 'This House believes that Arab women should have full equality with men'* http://www.thedohadebates.com/output/page30.asp
16. ^ http://www.npr.org/templates/story/story.php?storyId=4679252
17. ^ http://www.tbsjournal.com/SuwaidanInterview.html
18. ^ "Muslims urged to `liberate the Holy Land', Cathleen Falsani, Chicago Sun-Times, November 25, 2000
19. ^ http://www.dallasnews.com/sharedcontent/dws/dn/latestnews/stories/112508dnmetholylandverdicts.1e5022504.html
20. ^ http://www.nefafoundation.org/miscellaneous/HLF/US_v_HLF_Unindicted_Coconspirators.pdf
21. ^ http://www.nysun.com/national/islamic-groups-named-in-hamas-funding-case/55778/
22. ^ http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Ecews5f7xts
23. ^ http://breakingnews.iol.ie/news/?c=ireland&jp=cweyidqlauey
24. ^ http://www.tbsjournal.com/SuwaidanInterview.html
25. ^ http://www.thedohadebates.com/output/Page29.asp
26. ^ website
27. ^ http://www.islamway.com/?iw_s=Scholar&iw_a=lessons&scholar_id=69

External links[link]

• Dr. Tareq Al-Suwaidan's official website (English) and (Arabic)
• Al-Resalah Satellite TV channel (Arabic)

Eva Cox AO (born 21 February 1938) is an Austrian-born Australian writer, feminist, sociologist, social commentator and activist. She has been an active advocate for creating more civil societies. She is a long-term member of Women's Electoral Lobby. She is now involved in projects looking at social and ethical accounting for responsible business enterprises.

Early life and education[link]

Eva Maria Hauser was born into a Jewish family in Vienna in 1938, less than three weeks before the Anschluss (12 March 1938). She and her family were declared stateless. The following year, her mother Ruth, a final-year medical student, took her to England where she spent the war, technically as an enemy alien. Her father, Richard Hauser, joined the British Army in Palestine, and her grandparents and other relatives took refuge in Sydney, Australia. After the war her father worked for the United Nations Refugee Association in Rome, where Eva continued her schooling for two years, joining her mother’s extended family in Sydney in 1948. It was only in Australia that she started becoming aware of her Jewish identity and the Jewish community. She is now an atheist and a humanist.

Two years after arriving in Sydney, her father began a relationship with the pianist Hephzibah Menuhin, who was at that time married to an Australian grazier, Lindsay Nicholas, and living in western Victoria. Hauser and Menuhin divorced their respective spouses in order to marry, Menuhin becoming Eva's stepmother.

Eva attended the University of Sydney in 1956–57, where she became associated with the Sydney Push. Abandoning university, she travelled in Europe, married an English photographer in 1962, and gave birth to their daughter Rebecca in 1964. She returned to study as a single mother in the early 1970s, graduating with Honours in Sociology from the University of New South Wales in 1974 and becoming a tutor and research consultant in that department. She was part of the feminist magazine Refractory Girl in 1980s and became a media spokeswoman. She also joined the Australian Labor Party as an anti-war and feminist advocate, and established the first Commonwealth-funded childcare centre. Cox was also associated with the Communist Party of Australia in the mid-1970s.

Career[link]

In the 1970s, Eva became a spokeswoman for the Women's Electoral Lobby. She was Director of the New South Wales Council for Social Service from 1977–81. Later she helped to found the Women's Economic Think Tank. She was awarded a Churchill Fellowship in 1980.

In 1981 and 1982 she was an adviser to the Federal Shadow Minister for Social Services, Senator Don Grimes. Between 1989 and 1994 she ran a private consultancy, Distaff Associates, with Helen Leonard, and has lectured since 1994 at the University of Technology, Sydney, as Program Director, Social Inquiry. She is currently a Fellow of the Centre for Policy Development.

Her ABC Boyer Lectures in 1995, entitled A Truly Civil Society argued that social capital is more important than financial capital. The following year her book, Leading Women, addressed the problems women face in exercising power.

Honours[link]

She was appointed an Officer (AO) of the Order of Australia in 1995 for her services to women's welfare.^[1]

She was named Humanist of the Year in 1997 by the Council of Australian Humanist Societies.

In 2011, she received an Australia Post Legends Award and her face appeared on a postage stamp as part of a series of four stamps honouring women who have advanced the cause of gender equality. The other three women were Germaine Greer, Elizabeth Evatt and Anne Summers.^[2]

Bibliography[link]

• Cox E. and Goodman J., Bullying at an Australian university: practices and implications, EUR October 2005
• Cox, Eva, In Defence of Social Capital: A reply to Blue Book 8, Arena Magazine 76 June 2005
• Cox E. (2005), A Better Society: Ingredients for Social Sustainability in ed Adams P and Spender D., The Ideas Book, UQP Brisbane
• Bloch, B and Cox E (2005), Jewish Women and Australian in Braham, G and Mendes P. Jews in Australian Politics, Sussex University Press
• Cox E. (2002), Australia, Making the Lucky country in Putnam R., Democracies in Flux: The evolution of social capital in contemporary society, OUP NY
• Cox E (2000), The Light and Dark of Volunteering (2000) in Warburton J and Oppenheimer M (Ed), Volunteers and Volunteering, Federation Press, Sydney.
• Cox E (2000), Diversity and Community: Conflict and Trust? in Vasta E (Ed), Citizenship, Community and Democracy, Macmillan UK.
• Cox E and Caldwell C (2000), Making Policy Social in Winter, I ed., Social Capital and Public Policy.

Notes[link]

Sources[link]

• Eva Cox Curriculum Vitae
• Centre for Policy Development
• National Library of Australia – Gateways
• The Australian Jewish News
• SMH 16 March 2003
• National Portrait Gallery
• Penguin Group Australia: An Exacting Heart: The Story of Hephzibah Menuhin