M1A or the Aksaray-Airport Line is a rapid transit line in İstanbul. The M1A was the first rapid transit line in Turkey, opening in 1989 and started the revival of mass transit in Turkish cities. It is the busiest rapid transit line in Turkey, serving 240,000 passengers daily.
The line starts in the historic old city of İstanbul in Aksaray. From there, it heads north to Kartaltepe, passes through the Esenler bus terminal and back south to Zeytinburnu. From Zeytinburnu it heads west to Atatürk International Airport.
With Istanbul's growing population and the city rapidly expanding outward, the operating bus service was not enough. The city did not have a mass transit system, except for a single funicular line Tünel, and the last operating tram line was taken up in 1969. Istanbul desperately needed a rapid transit system to move it's large population. In 1989 the Aksaray-Kartaltepe portion of the line opened. In 1994, the line was expanded to Esenler, which also serviced İstanbul's intercity bus terminal. The same year the line was extended to Bakırköy and then to Yenibosna in 1995. In 1999 the line reached Atatürk Airport in Yeşilköy.
Istanbul (Turkish: İstanbul) is the largest city in Turkey, forming the country's economic, cultural, and historical heart. With a population of 13.4 million, the city is at the center of the second-largest urban area in Europe after Moscow, and among the world's largest cities by population within city limits. Istanbul's vast area of 5,343 square kilometers (2,063 sq mi) is coterminous with Istanbul Province, of which the city is considered capital. Straddling the Bosphorus—one of the world's busiest waterways—in northwestern Turkey, between the Sea of Marmara and the Black Sea, Istanbul is a transcontinental city, with one third of its population living in Asia but its commercial and historical center in Europe.
Founded around 660 BC as Byzantium on the Seraglio Point, the city now known as Istanbul developed to become one of the most significant cities in history. For nearly sixteen centuries following its reestablishment as Constantinople in 330 AD, it served as the capital of four empires — the late classical Roman Empire (330–395), the Eastern Roman ("Byzantine") Empire (395–1204 and 1261–1453), the Latin Empire (1204–1261), and the Ottoman Empire (1453–1922). It was instrumental in the advancement of Christianity during Roman and Byzantine times, before the Ottomans conquered the city in 1453 and transformed it into an Islamic stronghold from which the last caliphate ruled. Although the Republic of Turkey established its capital elsewhere, in Ankara, remnants of Istanbul's previous central role still remain highly visible across the city, with palaces and imperial mosques lining its hills.
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