Pan-Slavism for children

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• published: 07 Sep 2013
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First Pan-Slav Congress, Prague, 1848 ... Pan-Slavism, a movement which crystallised in the mid-19th century, aimed at unity of all the Slavic peoples. Its main impact occurred in the Balkans, where non-Slavic empires - the Byzantine Empire, Austria-Hungary, the Ottoman Empire, and Venice - had ruled the South Slavs for centuries. ... Origins Commonly used symbols of the Pan-Slavic movement were the Pan-Slavic colours (blue, white and red) and the Pan-Slavic anthem, Hey, Slavs. The first pan-Slavists were the 16th-century Croatian writer Vinko Pribojević and the 17th-century Croatian Catholic missionary Juraj Križanić.[1][2] Some of the earliest manifestations of Pan-Slavic thought within the Habsburg Monarchy have been attributed to Adam Franz Kollár and Pavel Jozef Šafárik.[3] The movement began following the end of the Napoleonic Wars in 1815. In the aftermath, the leaders of Europe sought to restore the pre-war status quo. At the Congress of Vienna, Austria's representative, Prince von Metternich, felt the threat to this status quo in Austria was the nationalists demanding independence from the empire. While their subjects were composed of numerous ethnic groups (such as Italians, Romanians, Hungarians, etc.), most of the subjects were Slavs. First Pan-Slav Congress, Prague, 1848 The First Pan-Slav congress was held in Prague, Bohemia in June, 1848, during the revolutionary movement of 1848. The Czechs had refused to send representatives to the Frankfurt Assembly feeling that Slavs had a distinct interest from the Germans. The Austroslav, František Palacký, presided over the event. Most of the delegates were Czech. Palacký called for the co-operation of the Habsburgs and had also endorsed the Habsburg monarchy as the political formation most likely to protect the peoples of central Europe. When the Germans asked him to declare himself in favour of their desire for national unity, he replied that he would not as this would weaken the Habsburg state: “Truly, if it were not that Austria had long existed, it would be necessary, in the interest of Europe, in the interest of humanity itself, to create it.” The Pan-Slav congress met during the revolutionary turmoil of 1848. Young inhabitants of Prague had taken to the streets and in the confrontation, a stray bullet had killed the wife of Field Marshal Alfred I, Prince of Windisch-Grätz, the commander of the Austrian forces in Prague. Enraged, Windischgrätz seized the city, disbanded the congress, and established martial law throughout Bohemia. Pan-Slavism in Central Europe Slavic flag proposed by the Pan-Slav convention[4] in Prague in 1848 The first Pan-Slavic convention was held in Prague on June 2 through 16, 1848.[5] The delegates at the Congress were specifically both anti-Austrian and anti-Russian. Still "the Right"--the moderately liberal wing of the Congress--under the leadership of František Palacký (1798-1876), a Czech historian and politician;[6] and Pavol Jozef Šafárik (1795-1861), a Slovak philologist, historian and archaeologist.[7] favored autonomy of the Slav lands within the framework of Austrian (Habsburg) monarchy.[8] While "the Left"--the radical wing of the Congress--under the leadership of Karel Sabina (1813-1877) a Czech writer and journalist; Josef Václav Fric, a Czech nationalist; Karol Libelt (1817-1861), a Polish writer and politician and others, pressed for a close alliance with the revolutionary-democratic movement going on in Germany and Hungary in 1848.[9]