Aerial view of
Brahmaputra river in
Assam.
The
Brahmaputra enters
India in the state of
Arunachal Pradesh, where it is called Siang. It makes a very rapid descent from its original height in
Tibet, and finally appears in the plains, where it is called
Dihang. It flows for about 35 km (22 mi) and is joined by the
Dibang River and the
Lohit River at the head of the
Assam Valley.
Below the Lohit, the river is called Brahmaputra, enters the state of Assam, and becomes very wide—as wide as 10 km (6 mi) in parts of Assam. It is joined in
Sonitpur by the
Kameng River (or Jia Bhoreli).
The Dihang, winding out of the mountains, turns toward the southeast and descends into a low-lying basin as it enters northeastern Assam state. Just west of the town of
Sadiya, the river again turns to the southwest and is joined by two mountain streams, the Lohit and the
Dibang. Below that confluence, about 900 mi (1,450 km) from the
Bay of Bengal, the river becomes known conventionally as the Brahmaputra (“Son of
Brahma”). In Assam, the river is mighty, even in the dry season, and during the rains, its banks are more than 5 mi (
8 km) apart. As the river follows its braided 450-mi (700-km) course through the valley, it receives several rapidly rushing
Himalayan streams, including the
Subansiri, Kameng, Bhareli, Dhansiri,
Manas, Champamati, Saralbhanga, and
Sankosh Rivers. The main tributaries from the hills and from the plateau to the south are the
Burhi Dihing, the Disang, the
Dikhu, and the Kopili.
Between
Dibrugarh and Lakhimpur Districts, the river divides into two channels—the northern Kherkutia channel and the southern Brahmaputra channel. The two channels join again about
100 km (62 mi) downstream, forming the Majuli island, which was, until some time back, the largest river island in the world. At
Guwahati, near the ancient pilgrimage centre of Hajo, the Brahmaputra cuts through the rocks of the
Shillong Plateau, and is at its narrowest at
1 km (1,
100 yd) bank-to-bank. Because of the river's narrow width, the
Battle of Saraighat was fought here in March 1671. The first combined rail/road bridge across the Brahmaputra was opened to traffic in
April 1962 at
Saraighat.
The environment of the Brahmaputra floodplains in Assam have been described as the
Brahmaputra Valley semi-evergreen forests ecoregion.
Source :
Wikipedia
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- published: 03 Nov 2015
- views: 64