- published: 11 Mar 2018
- views: 1194
The Brachyceran family Vermileonidae (the sole member of the infraorder Vermileonomorpha) is a small family of uncertain affinities and unusual biology, containing fewer than 80 rare species in 10 genera. Historically the Vermileonids had been regarded as belonging to the family Rhagionidae, possibly in a subfamily Vermileoninae. Their biology and morphology is so markedly distinct from the main Rhagionidae sensu stricto, that the placement as a separate family has been widely accepted.
The larvae of vermileonids are called wormlions which amounts to a direct translation of Vermileo. They have evolved the same elaborate mechanism for trapping prey, as one sees in many species of the Neuropteran family Myrmeleontidae, the so-called "antlions"; that is, they make cone-shaped "pits" in sandy areas and feed on insects that fall into the pits. The mechanism is elegant in that in both groups of insects, the larva creates the pit by flinging particles out. Much of the material falls back, coming to rest at effectively the critical angle of repose.
Wormlion (Vermileo sp.) larvae from the Sierra Nevada mountains in California. Wormlions are flies in family Vermileonidae, and are the only flies whose larvae dig pits to catch insects.
This video is from Cyprus.
Vermileonidae larvae (cf. Vermileo vermileo) colony found under camping bungalow (Iberia: Catalogne: Barcelona: Gavà: Camping 3 estrellas, 18/8/2018)
This is based on observations I made in Switzerland on Vermileo vermileo, things are certainly a little different elsewhere especially in different climates and with different species. Also, some things I say are based on few and unprecise observations, and as very little has been published about wormlion ecology and life cycle in central Europe I couldn't verify everything, therefore some things might be partially erroneous or at one extreme of a range. The name “wormlions” is often used for the larval stage of Vermileonidae. I use it for the adults as well. The antlion I am referring to is Euroleon nostras. In Switzerland we have another common pit-building antlion, Myrmeleon formicarius, but this species isn't usually found in the same habitats as Vermileo vermileo. Sorry if my voice...
Antlions will hide under the sand, undetected, and then emerge to ambush a nearby insect. But it’s the sheer nonchalance with which they discard the corpse afterwards that is especially chilling. Watch the Full Episode with your FREE trial for Smithsonian Channel Plus by signing up today at https://watch.smithsonianchannel.com/ From the Series: Macro Worlds: The Meadow of Horror http://bit.ly/2PvjPi5
Meet the wormlion, the ferocious hunter beneath the pit. Like antlions, wormlions create funnel-shaped pits in sandy soil to trap unsuspecting insects. After a year underground, the wormlion transforms into a slender, fragile, long-legged fly. #animalenigmas #animals #animalshorts #insects #naturelife #wormlion #worms
Wormlion (Vermilionidae) creating sand traps (similar to Antlion's). Found in Sabah, Malaysia.
A wormlion larva (Vermileonidae: Vermileo sp.) captures an ant. Video by Tokuo Nakamoto.
The Brachyceran family Vermileonidae (the sole member of the infraorder Vermileonomorpha) is a small family of uncertain affinities and unusual biology, containing fewer than 80 rare species in 10 genera. Historically the Vermileonids had been regarded as belonging to the family Rhagionidae, possibly in a subfamily Vermileoninae. Their biology and morphology is so markedly distinct from the main Rhagionidae sensu stricto, that the placement as a separate family has been widely accepted.
The larvae of vermileonids are called wormlions which amounts to a direct translation of Vermileo. They have evolved the same elaborate mechanism for trapping prey, as one sees in many species of the Neuropteran family Myrmeleontidae, the so-called "antlions"; that is, they make cone-shaped "pits" in sandy areas and feed on insects that fall into the pits. The mechanism is elegant in that in both groups of insects, the larva creates the pit by flinging particles out. Much of the material falls back, coming to rest at effectively the critical angle of repose.
I stand and watch my country today
It's so easy to see that it's being taken away
All the immigrants and all the left wing lies
Why does no one ever ask the reason why
Chorus:
We were the country that had everything
We were the country, Rule Britannia we would sing
We were the country, and we could never lose,
Once a nation, and now we're run by Jews
We want our country back now!
It's time our people stood together side by side
It's time we stood and fought against the media's lies
The capitalists and the communists, well they co-exist
If you love your country, you'll be on their list
(Repeat Chorus)
The sands of time are running out for this land
It's time the people stood and raised their hands
It's time we drove out the traitors that we can see
Now is the time this nation should be free, free my land