Canalı
—  Municipality  —
Canalı
Coordinates: 41°07′N 45°21′E / 41.117°N 45.35°E / 41.117; 45.35Coordinates: 41°07′N 45°21′E / 41.117°N 45.35°E / 41.117; 45.35
Country	Azerbaijan
Rayon	Qazakh
Population[citation needed]
• Total	1,472
Time zone	AZT (UTC+4)
• Summer (DST)	AZT (UTC+5)

Canalı (also, Canallı and Dzhanaly) is a village and municipality in the Qazakh Rayon of Azerbaijan. It has a population of 1,472.

References[link]

• Canalı at GEOnet Names Server

v t e Qazakh Rayon Capital: Qazax Abbasbəyli Ağköynək Alpout Aşağı Əskipara Aşağı Salahlı Aslanbəyli Bağanis Ayrum Bala Cəfərli Barxudarlı Birinci Şıxlı Bolshoy Khanuklar Canalı Çaylı Cəfərli Daş Salahlı Dəmirçilər Dəmirçilər Əli Bayramlı Əzizbəyli Fərəhli Hüseynbəyli İkinci Şıxlı Kəmərli Kommuna Kosalar Marksovka Mazamlı Musaköy Ömərağalı Orta Salahlı Qarapapaq Qaymaqlı Qazaxbəyli Qızılhacılı Quşçu Ayrım Sofulu Ürkməzli Xanlıqlar Xeyrimli Yuxarı Əskipara Yuxarı Salahlı

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Sattar Khan
Born	October 20, 1866 Tabriz, Iran
Died	November 9, 1914 (aged 48) Tehran, Iran
Nationality	Iranian
Religion	Twelver Shi'a Islam
Spouse	Fatemeh
Children	Yadollah , Soltan , Masoumeh

Sattar Khan (Persian/Azeri: ستارخان, IPA: [sætːɒːɾ xɒn]; (October 20, 1866—November 17, 1914), honorarily titled Sardār-e Melli (Persian: سردار ملی‎ meaning National Commander) was a pivotal figure in the Persian Constitutional Revolution and is considered by many Iranians to be a national hero.^[1]

Biography[link]

Early Life[link]

Sattar Khan was born in the village of Janali, in the Iranian province of Azarbaijan, some time in 1868. He was the third son of Haj Hasan Bazzaz, from the Qara Daj mountains. While he was still a child, his eldest brother, who had become a highway robber, was executed by the authorities.^[2]

The family later moved to Tabriz where Sattar himself came into conflict with the law when he tried to find a hideout for two Caucasian fugitives to whom his father had given shelter. He was incarcerated for two years in Narin Qalʿa, a notorious local prison. Afterwards he too became a brigand and was subsequently imprisoned again. He also served in the gendarmerie controlling the main road between Khoy and Marand, and for a while found employment as part of the armed escort to the crown prince Mozaffar-al-Din Mirza and was given the title of "khan" (which means "sir" in the Azeri language).^[3]

Later, after a period in Tehran, he headed an auxiliary troop fighting Turkmen highway robbers near Mashhad.^[4]

Revolutionary[link]

Sattar Khan rose from obscurity to head Constitutionalist rebels from the Amirkhiz district of Tabriz. By 1907, he had become a favored leader of the rebels. After shelling the Majles (parliament) of Iran in the capital Tehran, 40 thousand of Mohammad Ali Shah's soldiers were ordered to attack Tabriz, where Constitutional rebels were holding out. In June 1908, under the leadership of Sattar Khan, a High Military Council was established.

Sattar Khan was appointed the Commander in chief of High Council, Bagher Khan as his deputy, and Ali Musyo, Haji Ali and Seyed Hashem Khan as other notable members.

By April 1909, the Tabriz rebels had lost a large number of their fighters in driving out royalist forces from the city. Taking into account Sattar Khan and Bagher Khan's heroism during the battle, Sattar Khan was honored by the title of "Sardar-e Melli" (National General) and Bagir khan "Salar-e Melli" (National Leader) by the order of the Assembly.

The early victories of the rebels in Tabriz greatly influenced other Constitutionalists across Iran. Special committees with the name of "Sattar Khan" were established in Tehran, Rasht, Qazvin, Esfahan and other cities. Sattar Khan's reputation also led to the powerful Bakhtiyari tribal leaders to throw in their lot with the Tabriz rebels.^[5]

Most of the cities of Azarbaijan province were cleared of royalist military forces by October 1908. Mohammad Ali Shah authorized the reopening of the Majles in Tehran in order to try and placate the opposition.

The Second Majles was held in December 1908. It ordered a plaque of honor with images of Sattar Khan and Bagher Khan carved on it in gold as a token of appreciation for their services.

The strengthening of revolutionary power in the wake of the Tabriz victory frightened not only the Qajar Shah but also his allies, Russia and Great Britain. In March 1910, Sattar Khan and Bagher Khan set out for the capital Tehran with 300 soldiers, where they were greeted by large numbers of supporters April 3, 1910.

The rebels camped out in Atabey Park, where they refused to obey the Shah's order to disarm. The Shah's troops and police forces led by Yeprem Khan (Davidyans), head of Tehran police, launched a brief but violent confrontation on the night of August 7, 1910, and succeeded in surrounding and disarming Sattar Khan's forces. About 30 rebels were killed and Sattar Khan was wounded in his leg - remaining disabled until his death at the age 48, on November 9, 1914.^[6] He was buried in the famous Shah-Abdol-Azim shrine cemetery in Shahr-e Ray, just outside Tehran.

Legacy[link]

Sattar Khan is remembered in Iran as heroic leader of the Persian Constitutional Revolution, and is the subject of poems and songs. A street in west Tehran has been named after him.^{[citation needed]}

See also[link]

• Bagher Khan, Sālār-e Melli
• Constitutional Revolution House of Tabriz

References[link]

External links[link]

• Sattar Khan, Encyclopædia Iranica

v t e Personalities involved in the Persian Constitutional Revolution Qajar dynasty Tobacco Protest Persian Constitutional Revolution Kings Naser al-Din Shah Qajar Mozaffar ad-Din Shah Qajar Mohammad Ali Shah Qajar Ahmad Shah Qajar Princes Kamran Mirza Nayeb es-Saltaneh Abdol Majid Mirza Mass'oud Mirza Zell-e Soltan Malek Mansur Mirza Shao es-Saltaneh Governmental Persons Mirza Nasrullah Khan Hassan Pirnia Abdol-Hossein Mirza Farmanfarma Ali Asghar Khan Mohammad Vali Khan Tonekaboni Mostowfi ol-Mamalek Ali-Qoli Khan Bakhtiari Sheikh Khaz'al Colonel Pessian Yeprem Khan Morteza Gholi Khan Hedayat Mehdi Qoli Hedayat Political Intellectuals Mirza Abdul'Rahim Talibov Tabrizi Mirza Malkam Khan Sayyid Hossein Ardabili Hassan Taqizadeh Ahmad Kasravi Haji-Mirza Hassan Roshdieh Hajj Sayyah Iranian Clerics Mohammad-Kazem Khorasani Jamal-al-Din al-Afghani Mirza Sayyed Mohammad Tabatabai Hassan Modarres Sheikh Fazlollah Noori Seqat-ol-Eslam Tabrizi Mohammad Khiabani Mirza Abutaleb Zanjani Iranian Writer and poets Iraj Mirza Ali-Akbar Dehkhoda Mirzadeh Eshghi Mirza Alakbar Sabir Aref Qazvini Mohammad-Taqi Bahar Mohammad Farrokhi Yazdi Mirza Fatali Akhundov Jahangir-Khan Sur-e-Esrafil Commons Saad ad-Daula Sattar Khan Bāqer Khān Haydar Khan e Amo-oghli Yeprem Khan Mirza Reza Kermani Jamshid Bahman Jamshidian Foreigners William Morgan Shuster Howard Baskerville Edward Granville Browne Vladimir Liakhov Women Zahra Khanom Tadj es-Saltaneh Bibi Khanoom Astarabadi Sediqeh Dowlatabadi

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