Meng Da (died 228) was a military general who served under Liu Zhang, Liu Bei, Cao Pi, and Cao Rui during the late Han Dynasty and Three Kingdoms period of Chinese history.

Biography[link]

Service under Liu Bei[link]

Takeover of Yi Province[link]

Like fellow conspirators Zhang Song and Fa Zheng, who also sought to hand Yi Province to a more capable ruler, Meng Da pledged his allegiance to Liu Bei when the latter invaded the province.

When Liu was invited to Shu by Liu Zhang, who was the Governor of Yi Province at the time, Meng Da and Fa Zheng were dispatched with 2,000 soldiers each to act as an escort. Liu Bei ordered Meng Da to lead these troops back to Jiangling. Upon the pacification of Shu, he was given a post as Governor of a capital city.

Takeover of Hanzhong[link]

In 219, Meng was sent north to capture the city of Fangling. Kuai Qi, Governor of Fangling, was defeated and killed. He then advanced to take the city of Shangyong, with Liu Feng leading reinforcements from Mianshui to join him. Shen Dan, governor of Shangyong, surrendered.

Later in the same year, Guan Yu besieged the cities of Fan and Xiangyang of Cao Wei. A request for additional military aid was sent to Liu Feng and Meng Da in Yishan county for the aggression. They refused the request on the basis their jurisdiction was newly acquired and unstable, hence they lacked the troops to be sent.

Service under Cao Pi[link]

When Guan Yu was ultimately defeated and Liu Bei heard of his death, he began to hate Liu Feng and Meng. At this point in time, the two men had also had a dispute. Meng, fearing punishment and bearing hatred against Liu Feng, defected to the Kingdom of Wei along with his subordinates (amongst them the former Wei officer, Shen Dan). Afterwards, he wrote a letter to Liu Feng, informing the latter that he was in grave danger, because someone close to Liu Bei had spoken evil of him,^[2] and urged Liu Feng to surrender to Wei. However, his advise was not heeded, and Liu returned to Chengdu, where Liu Bei's trusted aide, Zhuge Liang, suggested his master to get rid of Liu Feng. Hence, Liu Feng was executed on charges of failing to assist Guan Yu and stop Meng from defecting.

When a southerner from Shu Han traveled north and met Meng, the later asked the former what happened to his family back in Shu, and the former told Meng that Zhuge Liang persuaded Liu Bei to execute them, but Liu refused and Meng's family was safe.^[3] Meng replied that Zhuge had priority on what came first and later, so he should not hurry on getting rid of his clan. When Zhuge knew about Meng's saying, he started to contact the latter, despite objection from Fei Shi.

Death[link]

In 228, Zhuge Liang launched a campaign against Cao Wei. Meng Da, who had been treated kindly by the late emperor Cao Pi but was less favorably received by Cao Rui, was persuaded to return to the service of Shu Han, and moreover assist in the campaign by striking at Luoyang. However, Meng's failure to take necessary precautions and the betrayal of Shen Dan, Shen Yi and Zhuge Liang led to his eventual defeat and death at the hands of Sima Yi.^[4]

Appointments and titles held[link]

• Administrator of Yidu (宜都太守)

Appointments and titles held by Meng Da after he defected to Wei

• Attendant of Scattered Cavalry (散騎常侍)
• General Who Builds Martial Might (建武將軍)
• Marquis of Pingyang (平陽亭侯)
• Administrator of Xincheng (新城太守)

See also[link]

• List of people of the Three Kingdoms

Notes[link]

References[link]

• Chen Shou. Records of Three Kingdoms, Volumes 1, 3, 14, 31, 32, 40.
• Fang Xuanling et al. Book of Jin, Volume 1.
• Sima Guang. Zizhi Tongjian, Volumes 68-71.

This stage name does not have a family name. The subject should be referred to as Agnes. For the singer known only as Agnes, see Agnes Carlsson.

Agnes Monica
Agnes Monica performing as a guest star at the Asian Idol in 2007
Background information
Birth name	Agnes Monica Muljoto
Born	(1986-07-01) 1 July 1986 (age 25)
Origin	Jakarta, Indonesia
Genres	Pop, R&B
Occupations	Singer-songwriter, actress, dancer, record producer, presenter, fashion designer
Instruments	Vocals, piano
Years active	1992–present
Labels	Aquarius Musikindo
Website	www.agnesmonicaofficial.com

Agnes Monica (Traditional Chinese: 楊詩曼; Simplified Chinese: 杨诗曼; pinyin: Yáng Shī-Màn; born Agnes Monica Muljoto; 1 July 1986) is an Indonesian recording artist and actress. Born in Jakarta, Indonesia, she started her career in the entertainment industry at the age of six as a child singer. She has recorded three children's albums which established her as one of Indonesia's most popular child singers in the 1990s. She also became a presenter of several children's television programs. As a teenager, Agnes expanded her career to include acting. Her role in the soap opera Pernikahan Dini rocketed her name into the industry. Following her rising popularity after starring in few series of soap operas, she became the highest-paid teenage artist in Indonesia.

In 2003, she released her fourth studio album And the Story Goes, which marked her transition from a child singer to a female artist. On her fifth studio album, Whaddup A.. '?! (2005), she collaborated with American R&B singer Keith Martin. She also appeared in two Taiwanese drama series, The Hospital and Romance In the White House. She participated in the 2008 and 2009 Asia Song Festival in Seoul, South Korea, and received "Best Asian Artist Award" at each event. Agnes took creative control of her sixth studio album, Sacredly Agnezious (2009), for which she served as the producer and songwriter. In 2010, she was appointed as one of the judges on the talent show Indonesian Idol and was also one of the international hosts of the red carpet at the American Music Awards of 2010 in Los Angeles.

In addition to her commercial success, Agnes is the most-awarded Indonesian singer. She has received numerous awards, including ten Anugerah Musik Indonesia awards, seven Panasonic Awards, and four MTV Indonesia Awards. She was also honored with a Nugraha Bhakti Musik Indonesia (NBMI) from the Indonesian Ministry of Culture and Tourism and the Singers, Songwriters, and Music Record Producers Association of Indonesia (PAPPRI) for her contribution and support for the Indonesian music industry.^[1] She was also appointed as an anti-drug ambassador of Asia, and as the ambassador of MTV EXIT to combat human trafficking.

Throughout her career, she has often been controversial in Indonesia. When she was a teenager, her frequent comments about her goal to break into the international market was viewed by some as a pompous proclamation. In 2010, however, she signed with Sony/ATV Music Publishing and began work on a debut English studio album. Consequently, her slogan "Dream, Believe, and Make it Happen" was used in a 2011 cultural conference to inspire young people organized by the US Embassy in Jakarta.^[2]

Life and career[link]

1986–2002: Childhood and early career[link]

Agnes Monica was born in Jakarta, Indonesia, on 1 July 1986 to a family of Chinese ancestry.^[3] She is the youngest child of Jenny Siswono, a former table tennis player, and Ricky Muljoto, a former badminton player.^[4][5] Her older brother, Steve Muljoto, is her manager.^[6] She attended Tarakanita elementary school and Pelita Harapan junior high school.^[7] Her talent for the performing arts was evident in her childhood, especially in singing; she sang in church and attended vocal courses.^[8]

Agnes entered the entertainment industry in 1992, when she was six years old, and released her first children's album, Si Meong.^[4] In 1995, she released her second children's album, Yess!, which includes a duet with fellow Indonesian child singer Eza Yayang.^[4] The album significantly boosted her popularity and was named "Best Children's Album" in 1999.^[9] Her last children's album, Bala-Bala, was released the following year.^[4][10] Agnes also became the host for several children's programs, including Video Anak Anteve (VAN) on Anteve, Tralala-Trilili on RCTI, and Diva Romeo on Trans TV.^[4] She was awarded "Most Favorite Presenter of Children's Program" at the Panasonic Awards in 1999 and 2000 for Tralala-Trilili.^[9]

Agnes began acting as a teenager. Her first two roles were on the soap operas Lupus Millennia and Mr Hologram in 1999.^[7] The next year, she starred in the TV series Pernikahan Dini,^[4] which served as a turning point in her career by transforming her image from that of a child artist to one of a teenage artist.^[9] The production was well received by audiences, and she received the "Favorite Actress" award at the 2001 and 2002 Panasonic Awards, as well as the "Popular Actress" award at the 2002 SCTV Awards.^[9] In 2002, Agnes starred in three soap operas, Ciuman Pertama, Kejar Daku Kau Ku Tangkap, and Amanda.^[9] Due to her popularity, she became the highest-paid teenage artist in Indonesia.^[11]

Agnes also recorded songs in her early teens, including "Pernikahan Dini" and "Seputih Hati" for the soundtrack of Pernikahan Dini, both of which are featured on the 2001 compilation album Love Theme.^[12] The following year, she collaborated with the Indonesian senior singer Yana Julio in the song "Awan dan Ombak" for his studio album Jumpa Lagi.^[13]

[edit] 2003–2004: And The Story Goes

Agnes, after winning at the 2004 Anugerah Musik Indonesia Awards

On 8 October 2003, Agnes released her first adult album, And the Story Goes. In this album, she worked with several famed Indonesian producers and songwriters, including Ahmad Dhani, Melly Goeslaw, and Titi DJ.^[14] The album production took a year and a half, including the audition process for the dancers.^[15] According to her record label, Aquarius Musikindo, the album sold 35,000 copies before its official release.^[15] It was later certified double platinum after selling more than 300,000 copies.^[7][16] The album won three awards after receiving ten nominations at the 2004 Anugerah Musik Indonesia Awards—the highest music awards in Indonesia. They were "Best Female Solo Pop Artist" for the song "Jera", "Best Dance/Techno Production" for the song "Bilang Saja", and "Best Duo/Group" for her duet with Ahmad Dhani in "Cinta Mati".^[17] She also won "Best Female Newcomer" at the 2004 Anugerah Planet Muzik awards in Singapore. Because of her success at a young age, she was dubbed a "Young Diva" by members of the media.^[9] At this point, she started broaching the idea of an international career.^[17]

In addition to promoting her debut album, Agnes also starred in several TV series during this time, playing the lead role in three: Cewekku Jutek, Bunga Perawan, and Cantik.^[18] She won "Favorite Actress" at the 2003 Panasonic Awards and "Famous Actress" at 2004 SCTV Awards.^[19]

In 2004, after graduating from Pelita Harapan senior high school, Agnes enrolled at Pelita Harapan University, where she majored in Business Law.^[20]

[edit] 2005–2007: Whaddup A.. '?!

Agnes launched her second studio album, Whaddup A.. '?!, on 10 December 2005. It featured five singles: "Bukan Milikmu Lagi", "Tanpa Kekasihku", "Tak Ada Logika", "Cinta Di Ujung Jalan", and "Tak Mungkin". In addition to working with Indonesian musicians such as Melly Goeslaw, Andi Rianto, and Erwin Gutawa, she also collaborated with American singer-songwriter Keith Martin.^[7] Martin wrote two English songs for the album, including the duet "I'll Light a Candle".^[16] To promote the album, Agnes held a concert tour known as Clasnezenzation in four Indonesian cities: Bandar Lampung, Surabaya, Bandung, and Makassar.^[21] The album was commercially successful and she won two 2006 Anugerah Musik Indonesia awards for "Best Female Pop Artist" and "Best R&B Production".^[22] She also won the "Most Favorite Female" award at the 2006 MTV Indonesia Awards.^[23] She was nominated for "Favorite Indonesian Artist" award at the MTV Asia Awards 2005 (beaten by Peterpan) but, she grabs the youngest artist of all nominees in Asian category.^[24] Selling more than 450,000 copies, the album was one of the top-selling albums of 2006 and was certified triple platinum.^[25]

In 2005, Agnes appeared in the Taiwanese drama The Hospital, co-starring with Jerry Yan, a member of the Taiwanese boyband F4.^[26] She also appeared with Peter Ho in several episodes of the Taiwanese drama Romance in the White House,^[27] and starred in two Indonesian soap operas, Ku Tlah Jatuh Cinta and Pink, both televised on Indosiar.^[28][29] In 2006, she starred in the RCTI soap opera Kawin Muda. She also decided to take a break from her education that year to focus on her entertainment career.^[30]

In early 2007, Agnes was appointed by the United States of America's Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA) and the International Drug Enforcement Conference (IDEC) Far East Region as an Asian anti-drug ambassador.^[31][32] On 15 May 2007, she was an opening act for American R&B group Boyz II Men at a concert in Istora Senayan, Jakarta,^[9] and on 23 June of that year, she held her first concert at Stadium Negara in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.^[33] She also guest starred in the finale of Asian Idol on 16 December 2007, and performed the song "Get Up".

[edit] 2008–2009: Sacredly Agnezious

In 2008, Agnes began working on her third studio album. She released the first single, "Matahariku", earlier than she had planned. It became her best-selling single, with sales of three million ringback tone downloads within nine months.^[34] The song received the "Most Favorite Female" award at the 2008 MTV Indonesia Awards and the "Best Female Solo Pop Artist" award at the 2009 Anugerah Musik Indonesia awards.^[35][36] In September 2008, she released the second single, "Godai Aku Lagi", which she wrote herself. She also released a mini album containing the two singles.^[37] That same year she starred in the RCTI soap opera Jelita.^[38]

On 4 October 2008, Agnes was invited as the Indonesian representative at the Asia Song Festival. The event was organized by the Korea Foundation for International Culture Exchange in Seoul, South Korea. She performed with 24 artists from 12 Asian countries. The event was viewed by an audience of 35,000 at the Seoul World Cup Stadium and was broadcast in 30 countries.^[39][40] She performed two of her songs, "Godai Aku Lagi" and "Shake It Off". During the performance, she incorporated elements of Indonesian traditional dance from Bali. Her performance received positive responses from the Korean media and won the committee's "Best Asian Artist Award".^[41] The following year, she was invited again and performed three songs: "Shake It Off", "Temperature", and Michael Jackson's "Heal the World". This time, 14 artists from across Asia participated and it was viewed by an audience of 40,000.^[42] As was the case with her previous performance, Agnes received good reviews and earned the "Best Asian Artist Award".^[43]

Agnes launched her third studio album on 1 April 2009, Sacredly Agnezious. This time, she was involved more in the album production. She worked with the renowned musicians Erwin Gutawa, Dewiq, Pay, and DJ Sumantri. She also acted as producer and songwriter.^[44] In addition to the two previous singles, "Matahariku" and "Godai Aku Lagi", she produced two more singles: "Teruskanlah" and "Janji–Janji". At the 2010 Anugerah Musik Indonesia awards, she won three awards: "Best Pop Album", "Best Female Pop Solo Artist", and "Best of the Best Album".^[45] On 23 May 2009, she appeared as a guest star at the "Festival of Life" in Bali. The celebration commemorated the 50-year anniversary of the establishment of diplomatic relations between Indonesia and Japan.^[46]

Having already taken an extended break from the Pelita Harapan University, Agnes withdrew from the school.^[30] She then began taking distance education classes as a Political Science major at Oregon State University.^[47]

2010–present: Upcoming international project[link]

In 2010, Agnes served as a judge on Indonesian Idol season 6.^[48] Her selection for the panel caused controversy because of her age.^[49] That year, she was also appointed as an ambassador of the MTV EXIT (End Exploitation and Trafficking) organization, which combats human trafficking,^[50] for which she performed at benefit concerts in Surabaya and Jakarta.^[51]

In late 2010, Agnes experienced a breakthrough into the international market when she was chosen as an international red carpet host for the annual American Music Awards on 21 November 2010 at the Nokia Theatre in Los Angeles.^[52] Several months later, she announced that she had signed to Sony/ATV Music Publishing and was working on her debut English studio album in London and Los Angeles.^[53] In early 2011, she also recorded a duet version of "Said I Loved You...But I Lied" with the American singer Michael Bolton for his compilation album, Gems: The Duets Album.^[54] The duet was released in the album's international version in Asia.^[55] The next year, she was nominated in the Worldwide Acts Asia Pacific Nominees category for the 2011 MTV Europe Music Awards.^[56] Consequently, her slogan "Dream, Believe, and Make it Happen" was used in a 2011 cultural conference to inspire young people organized by the US Embassy in Jakarta.^[2]

Agnes released a greatest hits album Agnes Is My Name on 2 February 2011. The album compiled her top hit singles and two new songs, "Karena Ku Sanggup" and "Paralyzed".^[57] The album sold one million copies in three months, earning her the "Million Awards" award from Indonesian KFC, which had helped market the album.^[58] "Karena Ku Sanggup" won her the "Best Pop Female Singer" award at the 2011 AMI Awards.^[59] She also won the "Most Inbox Video Clip" award at the 2011 Inbox Awards. The award, presented by SCTV, was given for the song "Paralyzed", which was made in Indonesia and the United States.^[60]

Agnes was selected as a performer for the 26th SEA Games 2011 Opening Ceremony, with KC Concepcion from the Philippines and the Malaysian singer Jaclyn Victor. Their performance of "Together We Will Shine" was the highlight of the event.^[61]

In early 2012, Agnes returned as judge for Indonesian Idol season 7.^[62] She's pending her international album for the Idol deal.

In March 2012, she was nominated for the American Nickleodeon Kids Choice Awards 2012 of new category Favorite Asian Act.^[63]

Artistry[link]

Agnes has been noted as a powerful soprano with a range of four octaves. Her use of whistle register in her songs "Karena Ku Sanggup"^[64] and "Rindu" has also garnered attention.^[65] Her songs can be classified as pop, R&B, or hip-hop, and she has named Aretha Franklin, Jill Scott, Angie Stone, Madonna, Michael Jackson, Fantasia, and Beyoncé as her musical influences,^[66] though she is often compared to American singers such as Britney Spears and Christina Aguilera.^[67] In addition to her singing talent, she is also known as a strong dancer and actress. She is the only Indonesian soloist with a personal dance group, known as Nezindahood. They auditioned during the development of her first album in 2003.^[14] She has also written some of her songs^[68] and produced her own music videos.^[69] She has been described as a perfectionist with a variety of talents by Indonesian commentators.^[70]

Honors and awards[link]

Agnes has become the most-awarded Indonesia singer.^[71] Notable awards she has won include ten Anugerah Musik Indonesia, seven Panasonic Awards, and four MTV Indonesia Awards. She has also received many international awards, including an Anugerah Planet Muzik award and two Best Asian Artist Awards. For her contribution and support to Indonesian music, she was given the 2011 Nugraha Bhakti Musik Indonesia (NBMI) award from The Minister of Culture and Tourism and Association of Indonesian Singers, Songwriters and Music Record Producers.

Relationships and personal life[link]

Agnes is close about her personal relationships and she often said that having a boyfriend is not her priority in life. She also stated that personal relationships should remain private.^[72][73] However, in November 2007 it was revealed that she was involved in a relationship with Dirly, the runner-up of Indonesian Idol season 3, although the relationship didn't last long.^[74][75]

Fundraising[link]

Agnes has conducted fundraising activities for victims of the 2004 Tsunami in Aceh and the 2006 earthquake in Java. In 2009, Agnes visited Situ Gintung, where a dam failure had caused flooding. She also donated a sum of money to relief efforts and performed several of her songs for the victims.^[76] Agnes also helped raise over Rp 400 million (approx. US$44,000 as of December 2011) for Persis, an association football team based in Surakarta, through a benefit concert held at the Diamond Convention Center in Surakarta.^[77] In 2011, she participated at The Save Teen Charity Concert in Jakarta, a benefit concert to raise money to help teenagers who have dropped out of school.^[78]

Discography[link]

Throughout her career, Agnes has released 6 studio albums (the first three are children's albums), 1 mini album, and 1 greatest hits album.

Television series[link]

Presenter[link]

• VAN (Video Anak Anteve) – Anteve
• Tralala-Trilili – RCTI
• Diva Romeo – Trans TV
• MTV Ampuh Indonesia (guest host in 2005) - Global TV^[79]
• American Music Awards of 2010 – ABC Channel

Notes and references[link]

External links[link]

Wikimedia Commons has media related to: Agnes Monica

• Agnes Monica Official Website
• Agnes Monica on Myspace
• Agnes Monica on Twitter
• Agnes Monica at the Internet Movie Database
• Agnes Monica at YouTube.

Jerry Yan
Chinese name	言承旭
Pinyin	Yán Chéngxù (Mandarin)
Birth name	廖洋震 / Liào Yángzhèn
Origin	Republic of China (Taiwan)
Born	(1977-01-01) January 1, 1977 (age 35)
Occupation	Actor, singer
Genre(s)	Mandopop
Label(s)	Sony Music Entertainment (Taiwan)
Associated acts	F4
Official Website	[1]

Jerry Yan (Chinese: 言承旭; pinyin: Yán Chéngxù) was born 1 January 1977. He is a Taiwanese actor and member of Taiwanese boy band F4. His birth name is Liao Yangzhen (Chinese: 廖洋震; pinyin: Liào Yángzhèn).

Career[link]

With his role as "Dao Ming Si" (Chinese: 道明寺; pinyin: Dào Míngsì) in Taiwanese drama Meteor Garden (流星花園) and its sequel Meteor Garden II, Jerry became popular across Asia. At the conclusion of the series, Jerry along with the other members of F4: Vic Zhou, Vanness Wu and Ken Chu continued to perform together and released three studio albums as quartet boy band F4.

When not in F4, he, like the others, has his own successful solo career as both a singer and an actor. In 2006 he portrayed Dr Su Yi Hwa in critically acclaimed Taiwanese drama The Hospital which co-stars Leon Dai. He continues to act in other television series such as Hot Shot in 2008 with Wu Chun of Fahrenheit and Show Luo and Down With Love in 2010 with Ella Chen of S.H.E..

Jerry released his debut solo album, Jerry for You (Chinese: 第一次) in 2004. The track "一公尺" (One Meter) is listed at number 86 on Hit Fm Taiwan's Hit Fm Annual Top 100 Singles Chart (Hit-Fm年度百首單曲) for 2004.^[1] The album was awarded one of the Top 10 Selling Mandarin Albums of the Year at the 2004 IFPI Hong Kong Album Sales Awards, presented by the Hong Kong branch of IFPI.^[2]

In 2009 he released he second album titled, Freedom. The Japanese version broke the record (the highest ranking of male artist) among the Chinese Song Albums in Oricon Chart Japan.^{[citation needed]} According Taiwan's G-Music chart the album is the ninth best selling album in Taiwan in 2009.^[3]

Influence[link]

Jerry Yan is the icon of the huge wave of male beauty (美型男) and TV genre "idol drama" (偶像劇) in Taiwan started 10 years ago. His fan base also spreads among many Asian countries/regions like Taiwan, China, Hong Kong, Macau, Japan, Korea, Philippines, Indonesia, Malaysia, Singapore, Brunei, Vietnam, Thailand, Australia etc., as well as other countries like Romania,England, France, US and Canada. Every time Jerry premiered a new drama, new album, hosted an event, or performed in a concert, his fans would attend the event from all over the world.

Besides chasing the star, Jerry's fans have also done a lot of charity works due to Yan's encouragement. There is a main theme for each year as his birthday gift and there will be some charity action for major disasters. For example, there is a Yan Cheng Xu Hope Forest near Yellow River of China （言承旭希望林），Yan Cheng Xu Spring Bud Elementary School (言承旭春蕾小學)in China, many Jerry's fans also adopted needy children in Inner Mongolia. These are very good examples that a fandom can become a platform for charity works under the influence of an idol celebrity.^[4]

Filmography[link]

Television series[link]