Plot
In the 18th century, the only way to navigate accurately at sea was to follow a coastline all the way, which would not get you from Europe to the West Indies or the Americas. Observing the sun or stars would give you the latitude, but not the longitude unless done in conjunction with a clock that would keep time accurately at sea, and no such clock existed. After one too many maritime disasters due to navigational errors, the British Parliament set up a substantial prize for a way to find the longitude at sea. The film's main story is that of craftsman John Harrison: he built a clock that would do the job, what we would now call a marine chronometer. But the Board of Longitude was biased against this approach and claiming the prize was no simple matter. Told in parallel is the 20th century story of Rupert Gould, for whom the restoration of Harrison's clocks to working order became first a hobby, then an obsession that threatened to wreck his life.
Keywords: 1700s, 1920s, admiration, based-on-book, based-on-true-story, british-navy, bureaucracy, chronometer, clock, father-son-relationship
George Graham: One second a month, sir! You're either a liar or a fool. --Who're your makers?::John Harrison: Myself, and my brother James.::George Graham: Really? Who were you apprenticed to?::John Harrison: My father, as was he. I am a carpenter by profession.::George Graham: A carpenter?!::John Harrison: My timekeepers are made of wood. I've brought some drawings with me.::George Graham: I'm sorry, I mistook you. This is a joke, sir, am I right? Mr. Halley seeks to derive some pleasure from this contrivance? Is he here, perhaps, hiding in a corner to watch my performance?::John Harrison: It is I who am sorry, sir! The fault is mine. It was my impression I was here to see a clockmaker; I find myself in a toy shop by mistake! William!::[turns to leave]
George Graham: Mr. Harrison! Summer and winter... how is it done? How is it done, the compensation?::John Harrison: I use a pendulum of different metals that work against each other.::George Graham: Impossible. Doesn't work. I've tried it.::John Harrison: It is possible. It does work. I've built it.
Rupert Gould: Sir Frank, I'm not asking to mechanically alter the Harrison machines; I just want to bring them back to their proper condition. If they're left as they are much longer, I fear they may become unrecoverable. I know my qualifications appear unlikely; I can only plead that they're no more so than Harrison's own.
Muriel Gould: I want you to give up the clock.::Rupert Gould: I will... when it's finished.::Muriel Gould: Yes, I knew you'd say that. Silly of me, really.
John Harrison: I'm afraid you must excuse me, but I should go back on deck. The air in here is...::John Campbell: Poisonous? You'll get used to it. Most people don't notice it after the first couple of years.
Minister for the Navy: [to Parliament] Honorable Members who mourn with us the recent tragic loss off the Scilly Isles of four of Her Majesty's ships, and 2,000 wretched souls therein, under the command of Admiral Sir Cloudisley Shovell, will be pleased to know that Her Majesty's government is to offer a reward -- a prize of twenty thousand pounds -- to any man offering a practicable and useful solution to the problem of finding longitude at sea. A Board of Longitude will be set up, whose sole business will be to investigate any serious suggestions, and finally, it is profoundly to be hoped, to award this prize.
John Harrison: It's not just beautiful, it's divine: that's where the beauty lies, you see. Each note on the scale is calculated by mathematical formula, based on the circumference of a circle, you see.::Sir Charles Pelham: Uh, almost...::John Harrison: The step between each note is composed of larger and lesser intervals, each derived from pi. It is divine because for the first time we are listening to music as the Lord intended.
Sir Charles Pelham: How can you tell if a clock is running 5 seconds faster, or slower?::John Harrison: My own pendulum clock is adjusted to one second a month.::Sir Charles Pelham: O-ho-ho, no clock can be that accurate.::John Harrison: Mine can.
John Harrison: Impossible, sir. Clock needs a pendulum. Can't take a pendulum to sea.::Sir Charles Pelham: Not like you to say "impossible," John.::John Harrison: No, sir.
Elizabeth Harrison: You've found a way to build this sea-clock, haven't you?::John Harrison: With God's help it might be possible. --I mean, why did He encourage me to build a perfect timepiece in the first place? So the blacksmith might start work 5 seconds earlier or later? Or was it to give us the ability to explore His creation in safety, to move without fear in the space He's given us to inhabit?
The Reverend Dr Nevil Maskelyne FRS (6 October 1732 – 20 July 1811) was the fifth English Astronomer Royal. He held the office from 1765 to 1811.
Maskelyne was born in London, the third son of Edmund Maskelyne of Purton, Wiltshire. Maskelyne's father died when he was 12, leaving the family in reduced circumstances. Maskelyne attended Westminster School and was still a pupil there when his mother died in 1748. His interest in astronomy had begun while at Westminster School, shortly after the eclipse of 25 July 1748.
Maskelyne entered St Catharine's College, Cambridge in 1749, graduating as seventh wrangler in 1754.Ordained as a minister in 1755, he became a fellow of Trinity College, Cambridge in 1756.
About 1785 Maskelyne married Sophia Rose of Cotterstock, Northamptonshire. Their only child, Margaret (1786–1858), was the mother of Mervyn Herbert Nevil Story-Maskelyne (1823–1911) professor of mineralogy at Oxford (1856–95). Maskelyne's sister, Margaret, married Robert Clive.
Nevil Maskelyne is buried in the churchyard of St Mary the Virgin, the parish church of the village of Purton, Wiltshire, England.
John Nevil Maskelyne (22 December 1839 – 18 May 1917) was an English stage magician and inventor of the pay toilet, along with many other Victorian-era devices. His door lock for London toilets required the insertion of a penny coin to operate it, hence the euphemism to "spend a penny".
Maskelyne was born in Cheltenham, Gloucestershire, England. He trained as a watchmaker but became interested in conjuring after watching a stage performance by the fraudulent spiritualists, the Davenport Brothers. He saw how the Davenports' spirit cabinet illusion worked, and stated to the audience in the theatre that he could recreate their act using no supernatural methods. With the help of a friend, cabinet maker George Alfred Cooke, he built a version of the cabinet. Together, they revealed the Davenport Brothers trickery to the public at a show in Cheltenham in June 1865. Inspired by the acclaim they received for their clever exposure of the deception, the two men decided to become professional magicians.
Jasper Maskelyne (1902–1973) was a British stage magician in the 1930s and 1940s. He was one of an established family of stage magicians, the son of Nevil Maskelyne and a grandson of John Nevil Maskelyne. He could also trace his ancestry to the royal astronomer Nevil Maskelyne. He is most remembered, however, for the accounts of his work for British military intelligence during the Second World War, creating large-scale ruses, deception, and camouflage. Before the Second World War Maskelyne was a "blaster" in the Ancient Order of Froth Blowers, a charitable parody of the Freemasons that operated from 1926-31. His lodge (called a Vat) ran from Maskelyne's Theatre.
Maskelyne joined the Royal Engineers when the Second World War broke out, thinking that his skills could be used in camouflage. He convinced sceptical officers by creating the illusion of a German warship on the Thames using mirrors and a model. The military eventually deployed him to the North African theatre in the Western Desert, although he spent most of his time entertaining the troops.