Afghan Australians are Australians whose ancestors came from Afghanistan or who were born in Afghanistan. According to the 2006 Australian census 16,751 Australians were born in Afghanistan while 19,416 claimed Afghan ancestry, either alone or with another ancestry.

The first Afghan cameleers arrived in Melbourne in June 1860, when 8 men arrived with a shipment of 24 camels for the Burke and Wills expedition.^{[citation needed]} Afghans without camels are reported to have reached Australia as early as 1838, they worked in outback Australia from the 1860s to the 1930s. The Afghans played an influential role in establishing the Muslim faith in Australia and helped in finding a way to reach the country's unexplored interior.

Prior to 1979 and the war in Afghanistan, approximately 149 Afghans came to Australia for educational purposes. After 1979, over 7,000 came, escaping the communist regime at the time, and later escaping the various regimes such as the USSR backed communist government, unstable Mujahadeen government, the radical wahabhi Taliban, western backed Karzai government, The Afghan Australian community has produced a sizable number of individuals notable in many fields, including law, medicine, engineering, teaching and business.^{[citation needed]}