- published: 17 Jan 2013
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British Jamaican (or Jamaican British) is a term that refers to British people who were born in Jamaica or who are of Jamaican descent. The community is well into its fourth generation and consists of around 800,000 individuals, one of the largest Jamaican diasporas on earth. The majority of British people of Jamaican origin were born in the United Kingdom as opposed to Jamaica itself. The Office for National Statistics estimated that in 2010 some 150,000 Jamaican-born people were resident in the UK, with only 49,000 of these retaining Jamaican citizenship.
Jamaicans have been present in the UK since the start of the 20th century, however by far the largest wave of migration occurred after World War II. During the 1950s, Britain's economy was suffering greatly and the nation was plagued with high labour shortages. The British government ultimately looked to its overseas colonies for help and encouraged migration in an effort to fill the many job vacancies. Jamaicans, alongside other Caribbean, South Asian and African groups, came in their hundreds of thousands to the United Kingdom; the majority of Jamaicans settled in London and found work in the likes of London Transport, British Rail and the NHS. The late 20th century saw numerous clashes and rioting involving members of the British Jamaican community and the UK police; to this day gang culture and violence amongst Black British youths (particularly those of Jamaican descent) has been widely reported in mainstream media. The term 'Yardie' which originated in Jamaica has come to be used to describe British Jamaicans who are associated with gun and knife crime. Despite such troubles, Jamaicans are an extremely well established group in the United Kingdom and British Jamaicans have contributed significantly to politics, the UK music scene and numerous sporting activities such as football and athletics.
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