阮

Character	阮 U+962E, 阮
Name	CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-962E
Block	CJK Unified Ideographs
← 阭 [U+962D] [U+962F] 阯 →

Translingual

Han character

阮 (radical 170 阜+4, 7 strokes, cangjie input 弓中一一山 (NLMMU), four-corner 7121₁, composition ⿰阝元)

References

• KangXi: page 1346, character 18
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 41569
• Dae Jaweon: page 1848, character 18
• Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 6, page 4116, character 6
• Unihan data for U+962E

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Chinese

Etymology 1

simp. and trad.		阮

Wikipedia ^zh

The ruan is named after Chinese scholar 阮咸 (Ruǎn Xián) of the Six Dynasties period, who played this instrument.

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): ruǎn (ruan³)

  (Zhuyin): ㄖㄨㄢˇ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): jyun², jyun⁵
• Hakka (Sixian, PFS): ngiôn
• Min Nan (POJ): ńg / goán / oán / úiⁿ

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese, Beijing)⁺
    • Pinyin: ruǎn
    • Zhuyin: ㄖㄨㄢˇ
    • Wade-Giles: juan³
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: roan
    • IPA ^(key): /ʐu̯a̠n²¹⁴/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
    • Jyutping: jyun², jyun⁵
    • Yale: yún, yúhn
    • Cantonese Pinyin: jyn², jyn⁵
    • IPA ^(key): /jyːn³⁵/, /jyːn¹³/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: ngiôn
    • Hakka Romanization System: ngion´
    • Hagfa Pinyim: ngion¹
    • IPA: /ɲi̯on²⁴/
• Min Nan
  • (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: goán
    • Tâi-lô: guán
    • Phofsit Daibuun: goarn
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /guan⁵⁵⁴/
  • (Hokkien: Zhangzhou, Yilan)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: úiⁿ
    • Tâi-lô: uínn
    • Phofsit Daibuun: vuie
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /uĩ⁵³/
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Taipei, Kaohsiung, Tainan, Lukang, Sanxia, Kinmen, Magong, Hsinchu, Taichung)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: ńg
    • Tâi-lô: ńg
    • Phofsit Daibuun: ngr
    • IPA (Xiamen): /ŋ̍⁵³/
    • IPA (Taipei): /ŋ̍⁵³/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /ŋ̍⁴¹/
  • (Hokkien: Quanzhou, Zhangzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: oán
    • Tâi-lô: uán
    • Phofsit Daibuun: oarn
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /uan⁵⁵⁴/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /uan⁵³/

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• Dialectal data▼

Variety	Location	edit 阮
Mandarin	Beijing	/ʐuan²¹⁴/
	Harbin	/ʐuan²¹³/ /yan²¹³/
	Tianjin	/yan¹³/ /ʐuan¹³/
	Jinan	/yã⁵⁵/
	Qingdao	/yã⁴²/
	Zhengzhou	/ʐuan⁵³/
	Xi'an	/vã⁵³/
	Xining	/yã²⁴/
	Yinchuan	/ʐuan⁵³/
	Lanzhou	/vɛ̃n⁴⁴²/
	Ürümqi	/van⁵¹/
	Wuhan	/yɛn⁴²/
	Chengdu	/zuan⁵³/
	Guiyang	/zuan⁴²/
	Kunming	/ʐuã̠⁵³/
	Nanjing	/ʐuaŋ²¹²/
	Hefei	/ʐʊ̃²⁴/
Jin	Taiyuan	/zuæ̃⁵³/
	Pingyao	/ʐuɑŋ⁵³/
	Hohhot	/ʐuæ̃⁵³/
Wu	Shanghai	/ȵyø²³/
	Suzhou	/ɦiø³¹/
	Hangzhou	/ʔyõ⁵³/
	Wenzhou	/ȵy³⁵/
Hui	Shexian	/ne³⁵/
	Tunxi	/yɛ²⁴/
Xiang	Changsha	/yẽ⁵⁵/
	Xiangtan	/yẽ⁴²/
Gan	Nanchang
Hakka	Meixian	/ŋion³¹/
	Taoyuan
Cantonese	Guangzhou	/jyn³⁵/
	Nanning	/yn²⁴/
	Hong Kong	/jyn³⁵/
Min	Xiamen (Min Nan)	/guan⁵³/ /ŋ⁵³/
	Fuzhou (Min Dong)	/ŋuoŋ³²/
	Jian'ou (Min Bei)	/nyiŋ²¹/
	Shantou (Min Nan)	/uaŋ⁵³/
	Haikou (Min Nan)	/zuaŋ²¹³/

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• Middle Chinese: /ŋʉɐn/, /ŋʉɐn^X/▼

Rime
Character	阮	阮
Reading #	1/2	2/2
Initial (聲)	疑 (31)	疑 (31)
Final (韻)	元 (66)	元 (66)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)	Rising (X)
Openness (開合)	Closed	Closed
Division (等)	III	III
Fanqie	愚袁切	虞遠切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ŋʉɐn/	/ŋʉɐnX/
Pan Wuyun	/ŋʷiɐn/	/ŋʷiɐnX/
Shao Rongfen	/ŋiuɐn/	/ŋiuɐnX/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ŋuan/	/ŋuanX/
Li Rong	/ŋiuɐn/	/ŋiuɐnX/
Wang Li	/ŋĭwɐn/	/ŋĭwɐnX/
Bernard Karlgren	/ŋi̯wɐn/	/ŋi̯wɐnX/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	yuán	yuǎn

• Old Chinese▼

  (Zhengzhang): /*ŋon/, /*ŋonʔ/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	阮	阮
Reading #	1/2	2/2
No.	16152	16153
Phonetic component	元	元
Rime group	元	元
Rime subdivision	3	3
Corresponding MC rime	元	阮
Old Chinese	/*ŋon/	/*ŋonʔ/

Definitions

阮

1. A surname​.
2. state of Ruan (a small state during the Shang Dynasty)
3. (music) ruan

Synonyms

1. (instrument): 秦琵琶 (qínpípá), 阮咸 (ruǎnxián), 阮琴

Compounds

• 中阮 (zhōngruǎn)
• 低音阮

• 大阮
• 小阮

• 高音阮

Etymology 2

simp. and trad.		阮
alt. forms		我 㐾

From the elision of 我儂／我侬 (góa-nâng).

Pronunciation

• Min Nan

  (Hokkien, POJ): goán / gún

  (Teochew, Peng'im): uang² / ung² / ng²

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• Min Nan
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, Kaohsiung, Tainan, Kinmen, Magong)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: goán
    • Tâi-lô: guán
    • Phofsit Daibuun: goarn
    • IPA (Xiamen): /guan⁵³/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /guan⁵⁵⁴/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /guan⁵³/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /guan⁴¹/
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, Taipei, Tainan, Lukang, Sanxia, Yilan, Hsinchu, Taichung)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: gún
    • Tâi-lô: gún
    • Phofsit Daibuun: guon
    • IPA (Xiamen): /gun⁵³/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /gun⁵⁵⁴/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /gun⁵³/
    • IPA (Taipei): /gun⁵³/
  • (Teochew)
    • Peng'im: uang² / ung² / ng²
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: uáng / úng / ńg
    • IPA ^(key): /uaŋ⁵²/, /uŋ⁵²/, /ŋ⁵²/

Definitions

阮

1. (exclusive) we; us
2. I; me
3. (exclusive) our
4. my

Synonyms

Dialectal synonyms of 我們 (“we”)
Variety	Location	Words edit
Classical	Classical	我、吾儕、我等、我曹、我輩
Mandarin	Beijing	我們
	Jinan	我們、俺們、俺、俺這伙
	Xi'an	我的、我、我們
	Wuhan	我們
	Chengdu	我們
	Yangzhou	我們
	Hefei	我們
Cantonese	Guangzhou	我哋
	Hong Kong	我哋
	Taishan	我
	Yangjiang	偔
Gan	Nanchang	我個裡、我們
Hakka	Meixian	𠊎等人、𠊎等
	Miaoli (N. Sixian)	𠊎兜、𠊎等、𠊎兜人、𠊎兜儕、𠊎這兜
	Liudui (S. Sixian)	𠊎等、𠊎等人
	Hsinchu (Hailu)	𠊎兜、𠊎等、𠊎兜人、𠊎兜儕
	Dongshi (Dabu)	吾等、吾這兜、吾這兜人
	Taiwanese Raoping	𠊎兜、𠊎等、𠊎兜人、𠊎兜儕
	Yunlin (Zhao'an)	𠊎人
Jin	Taiyuan	我們、俺們
Min Bei	Jian'ou	我人、我伙人
Min Dong	Fuzhou	我各儂
Min Nan	Xiamen	阮
	Taipei	阮
	Chaozhou	阮
Wu	Shanghai	阿拉、我伲 dated、伲 dated
	Suzhou	伲
	Wenzhou	我倈
Xiang	Changsha	我們
	Shuangfeng	我哩、卬哩

Related terms

• 咱 (lán, “(inclusive) we; us”)
• 恁 (lín, “(plural) you”)
• 𪜶 (in, “they; them”)

References

• “Entry #3415”, in 臺灣閩南語常用詞辭典 [Dictionary of Frequently-Used Taiwan Minnan] (in Chinese and Min Nan), Ministry of Education, R.O.C., 2011.
• “臺灣閩南語按呢寫 (Tâi-oân Bân-lâm-gí Án-ne Siá) #300”, in 臺灣閩南語常用詞辭典 [Dictionary of Frequently-Used Taiwan Minnan], Ministry of Education, R.O.C., 2011.

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Japanese

Kanji

阮

(uncommon “Hyōgai” kanji)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Readings

• On: げん (gen)

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Korean

Hanja

阮 • ‎(wan, won) (hangeul 완, 원, revised wan, won, McCune-Reischauer wan, wŏn, Yale wan, wen)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

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Vietnamese

Wikipedia

Han character

• Hán Việt: nguyễn, ngán, ngón, ngoãn

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.