- published: 16 Feb 2011
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Dower (Latin: dotarium, donatio propter nuptias; French: douaire, Dutch: weduwgift, German: Wittum) is a provision accorded by law, but traditionally by a husband or his family, to a wife for her support in the event that she should survive her husband (i.e., become a widow). It was settled on the bride by agreement at the time of the wedding, or provided by law. ("Settled" here refers to a gift into trust.)
The dower grew out of the Germanic practice of bride price (Old English weotuma) which was given over to a bride's family well in advance for arranging the marriage, but during the early Middle Ages, was given directly to the wife instead. However, in popular parlance, the term may be used for a life interest in property settled by a husband on his wife at any time, not just at the wedding. The verb is to dower (dower, dowers, dowered).
In popular usage, the term dower may be confused with:
Being for the widow and being accorded by law, dower differs essentially from a conventional marriage portion such as the English dowry (cf. Roman law dos, French dot, German Mitgift).