- published: 22 Mar 2013
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Candide, ou l'Optimisme ( /ˌkænˈdiːd/; French: [kɑ̃did]) is a French satire first published in 1759 by Voltaire, a philosopher of the Age of Enlightenment. The novella has been widely translated, with English versions titled Candide: or, All for the Best (1759); Candide: or, The Optimist (1762); and Candide: or, Optimism (1947). It begins with a young man, Candide, who is living a sheltered life in an Edenic paradise and being indoctrinated with Leibnizian optimism (or simply Optimism) by his mentor, Pangloss. The work describes the abrupt cessation of this lifestyle, followed by Candide's slow, painful disillusionment as he witnesses and experiences great hardships in the world. Voltaire concludes with Candide, if not rejecting optimism outright, advocating an enigmatic precept, "we must cultivate our garden", in lieu of the Leibnizian mantra of Pangloss, "all is for the best in the best of all possible worlds".
Candide is characterised by its sarcastic tone, as well as by its erratic, fantastical and fast-moving plot. A picaresque novel with a story similar to that of a more serious bildungsroman, it parodies many adventure and romance clichés, the struggles of which are caricatured in a tone that is mordantly matter-of-fact. Still, the events discussed are often based on historical happenings, such as the Seven Years' War and the 1755 Lisbon earthquake. As philosophers of Voltaire's day contended with the problem of evil, so too does Candide in this short novel, albeit more directly and humorously. Voltaire ridicules religion, theologians, governments, armies, philosophies, and philosophers through allegory; most conspicuously, he assaults Leibniz and his optimism.
Actors: Vincent De Paul (actor), Brian Bayerl (editor), Henry Dittman (actor), Leif Holt (actor), Mark Whittington (producer), Mark Whittington (actor), Eric M. Klein (miscellaneous crew), Timothy C. Burns (miscellaneous crew), Kim Ostrenko (actress), Geovanni Gopradi (actor), Avery Sommers (actress), Kim St. Leon (producer), Kim St. Leon (director), Kameshia Duncan (actress), Kim St. Leon (writer),
Genres: Drama,Actors: Al Nazemian (miscellaneous crew), Stass Klassen (actor), Matthew Porter (actor), Max Lodge (actor), Jules Armana (actor), Sean Dermond (costume designer), Justin Freedman (editor), Jessica Rionero (miscellaneous crew), Dave Burdette (miscellaneous crew), Miriam Agwai (miscellaneous crew), Chris Mastronardi (producer), Dara Naficy (director), Jeanne Barnes (actress), John Dalmon (actor), Graham Dechter (composer),
Plot: Candide will not rest until he is reunited with his beloved Lady Cunegonde. During his search for her, he and Martin are thrust into the lavish and calculating labyrinth of upper class Parisian society, perhaps with no hope of breaking free.
Keywords: adventurer, historical-eventActors: Sébastien Élias (editor), Sébastien Élias (producer), Sébastien Élias (writer), Sébastien Élias (director), Martin Lachance (composer), Shanda Pall (actress), Marie-Ève Soulard-La Ferrière (actress), Maxime St-Cyr (actor), Dominic Théberge (actor), France Côté (producer), Jean-Louis Pecci (writer),
Genres: Comedy, Short,Actors: Rafaël Ouellet (director), Rafaël Ouellet (editor), Rafaël Ouellet (writer), Rafaël Ouellet (producer), Denis Côté (producer), Stéphanie Morissette (producer), Viviane Audet (actress), Daniel Fontaine-Bégin (producer), Gilles-Vincent Martel (actor), Gilles-Vincent Martel (composer), Claudie Bouchard (producer), Marie Neige Chatelin (actress), Stéphane Michaud (actor), Joanie Allard (actress),
Plot: After their mother's passing, the Provencher sisters return to live in the family home. While Brigitte takes time to explore her past, Candide becomes very reclusive even having trouble finding inspiration for her songwriting. Caught up in their separate words, the two sisters awkwardly try to connect. Distant and different, it's through their mother's music that they will discover the bond that ties them and find the means necessary to flourish.
Genres: Drama,Actors: Vicco von Bülow (actor), Vicco von Bülow (writer), Hugh Wheeler (writer), Voltaire (writer), Michael Peter (miscellaneous crew), Michael Gann (actor), Peter Loehle (actor), Michael Gann (actor), Peter Loehle (actor), Michael Gann (actor), Michael Gann (actor), Peter Loehle (actor), Donald George (actor), Holger Ohlmann (actor), Holger Ohlmann (actor),
Genres: Music, Musical,Actors: Leonard Bernstein (actor), Leonard Bernstein (writer), Leonard Bernstein (writer), Steve Eveleigh (editor), John Wells (writer), Humphrey Burton (miscellaneous crew), Humphrey Burton (director), Adolph Green (actor), Adolph Green (actor), Nigel Cattle (editor), Stephen Sondheim (writer), Lillian Hellman (writer), Hugh Wheeler (writer), Dorothy Parker (writer), Christa Ludwig (actress),
Genres: Music, Musical,Actors: Colin Fox (actor), Loretta Young (actress), Victoria Snow (actress), Lois Maxwell (actress), Charles W. Fries (producer), Peter Levin (director), David Raksin (composer), Bruce Davison (actor), Brian Keith (actor), Barbara Gordon (actress), Roscoe Lee Browne (actor), Christopher Neame (actor), Michael Kirby (actor), Shelley Komarov (costume designer), Patricia Collins (actress),
Genres: ,Actors: Gabriel Jabbour (actor), Marguerite Pierry (actress), Robert Vattier (actor), Bernard Dhéran (actor), Pierre Duncan (actor), Daniel Emilfork (actor), Gérard Darrieu (actor), Claude Nicot (actor), Pierre Cardinal (writer), Pierre Cardinal (director), Marcel Landowski (composer), Noël Darzal (actor), Anne Doat (actress), Monique Dunan (costume designer), Voltaire (writer),
Genres: ,Actors: Jean Richard (actor), Michel Serrault (actor), Jean Richard (actor), Jacques Balutin (actor), Pierre Brasseur (actor), Jean Poiret (actor), Jean Poiret (actor), Louis de Funès (actor), Louis de Funès (actor), Jean-Pierre Cassel (actor), Maurice Biraud (actor), Robert Manuel (actor), Jean Constantin (actor), Robert Manuel (actor), Michel Serrault (actor),
Plot: Based on the classic novel "Candide" by Voltaire, but set in the World War II era. In this story, Candide, a young Westphalian born in the castle of Thunder-ten-tronckh, is driven out of the castle, and joins his tutor Pangloss and his girlfriend Cunegonde to find another world with no Bulgars, Avars, or Jews.
Keywords: based-on-novel[instrumental]