- published: 10 Feb 2014
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In chemistry, a Pourbaix diagram, also known as a potential/pH diagram, maps out possible stable (equilibrium) phases of an aqueous electrochemical system. Predominant ion boundaries are represented by lines. As such a Pourbaix diagram can be read much like a standard phase diagram with a different set of axes. But like phase diagrams, they do not allow for reaction rate or kinetic effects.
The diagrams are named after Marcel Pourbaix (1904–1998), the Russian-born, Belgian chemist who invented them.
Pourbaix diagrams are also known as Eh-pH diagrams due to the labeling of the two axes. The vertical axis is labeled Eh for the voltage potential with respect to the standard hydrogen electrode (SHE) as calculated by the Nernst equation. The "h" stands for Hydrogen, although other standards may be used, and they are for room temperature only.
The horizontal axis is labeled pH for the -log function of the H+ ion concentration.
The lines are drawn for ions at unit activity (about 1 M) and represent equilibrium for that concentration. Additional lines may be drawn for other concentrations, e.g., 10−3 M or 10−6 M.
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