Uña

Uña is a municipality located in the province of Cuenca, Castile-La Mancha, Spain. According to the 2004 census (INE), the municipality has a population of 138 inhabitants.

Šuľa

Šuľa is a village and municipality in the Veľký Krtíš District of the Banská Bystrica Region of southern Slovakia.

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Coordinates: 48°31′N 18°38′E / 48.517°N 18.633°E / 48.517; 18.633

Ushnisha

The ushnisha (Sanskrit, n., उष्णीष, IAST: uṣṇīṣa) is a three-dimensional oval at the top of the head of the Buddha.

Symbolism

It symbolizes his attainment of reliance in the spiritual guide.

Description

The ushnisha was not described initially in the Physical characteristics of the Buddha spelled out by the Buddhist canon. Rather, there are several mentions about a topknot:

Representation

The first representations of the Buddha in the 1st century CE in the Greco-Buddhist art of Gandhara also represent him with a topknot, rather than just a cranial knob. It is thought that the interpretation of the ushnisha as a supernatural cranial protuberance happened at a later date, as the representation of the topknot became more symbolic and its original meaning was lost.

The Boddhisattva-Cakravartin in Early Buddhism

In Early Buddhism, the uṣṇīṣa was represented differently. The Mahāvastu (1.259f) and the Divyāvadāna, as well as the Theravadin Milindapañha, describe the marks of the cakravartin or "idealised world-ruler": uṣṇīṣa or patka turban, chhatra "parasol", "horn jewel" or vajra, whisk and sandals. These were the marks of the kshatriya.