Start-1

Start-1 is a Russian satellite launch vehicle based on the RT-2PM Topol, a Soviet intercontinental ballistic missile developed by Moscow Institute of Thermal Technology.

History

The Start-1 launch vehicle derives its name from the Strategic Arms Reduction Treaty (START I) between the United States and the Soviet Union. The START I treaty called for both sides to limit their nuclear arsenals to 6,000 nuclear warheads atop a total of 1,600 ICBMs, SLBMs, and bombers. This led to a lot of surplus ICBMs on both sides, including the Soviet Topol. After the collapse of the Soviet Union, Russia took over responsibility for executing the treaty. The Russian government decided to dispose of some of their ICBMs by using them as launch vehicles, which was an allowed method of disposal under the treaty.

Modification of the ICBMs into launch vehicles was carried out by the Moscow Institute of Thermal Technology, which also designed the Topol missile. On March 25, 1993 (13:15 GMT), the first Start-1 rocket was launched from Plesetsk Cosmodrome with a non-commercial payload. The first commercial launch was conducted almost four years later on March 4, 1997 from Svobodny Cosmodrome with a Russian payload. Since that time all flights of the Start-1 have been conducted from Svobodny. Currently, the Russian company United Start Launch manages the Start-1 program.

Start

Start can refer to multiple topics:

Geography

Sports teams

Books and publications

Technology

Brands and products

Start!

"Start!" is the eleventh UK single release by punk rock band, The Jam and their second number-one, following "Going Underground"/"Dreams of Children". Upon its release on 15 August 1980, it debuted at number three, and two weeks later reached number one for one week. Written by Paul Weller and produced by Vic Coppersmith-Heaven and The Jam, "Start!" was the lead single from the band's fifth album Sound Affects. The single's B-side is "Liza Radley".

"Start!" is based on both the main guitar riff and bass riff of The Beatles' 1966 song "Taxman" from the album Revolver, written by George Harrison. Likewise, The Jam's "Dreams of Children" had featured the same "Taxman" bassline, played then as a lead guitar riff.

The album version of the song runs at 2:30 and features trumpets in the final section. The single version, also featured on the "Snap!" compilation, is edited and slightly remixed, and omits the trumpets.

Other versions and sampling

Beastie Boys covered the song, which appears on their 1999 single, "Alive".

Start (Soviet camera)

Start (Russian: Старт, transliterated Cmapm) was a 35 mm single lens reflex Soviet camera produced by Mechanical Factory of Krasnogorsk (KMZ) during the years of 1958–1964. The camera was inspired by Exakta camera. Start had Bayonet-mount lenses with Exakta-style shutter release arm, KMZ Helios-44 58 mm f/2 normal lens, cloth focal-panel shutter.

An improved version, Start-2, was produced ca. 1963–1964. It had automatic diaphragm and meteric prism.

Notes

References