- published: 08 Mar 2008
- views: 54654
Botulinum toxin is a protein and neurotoxin produced by the bacterium Clostridium botulinum. Botulinum toxin can cause botulism, a serious and life-threatening illness in humans and animals. When introduced intravenously in monkeys, type A (Botox Cosmetic) of the toxin exhibits an LD50 of 40–56 ng, type C1 around 32 ng, type D 3200 ng, and type E 88 ng[citation needed]; these are some of the most potent neurotoxins known. Popularly known by one of its trade names, Botox, it is used for various cosmetic and medical procedures. Botulinum can be absorbed from eyes, mucous membranes, respiratory tract or non-intact skin.
Justinus Kerner described botulinum toxin as a "sausage poison" and "fatty poison", because the bacterium that produces the toxin often caused poisoning by growing in improperly handled or prepared meat products. It was Kerner, a physician, who first conceived a possible therapeutic use of botulinum toxin and coined the name botulism (from Latin botulus meaning "sausage"). In 1897, Emile van Ermengem found the producer of the botulin toxin was a bacterium, which he named Clostridium botulinum. In 1928, P. Tessmer Snipe and Hermann Sommer for the first time purified the toxin. In 1949, Arnold Burgen's group discovered, through an elegant experiment, that botulinum toxin blocks neuromuscular transmission through decreased acetylcholine release.
Actors: Ralph Lliteras (miscellaneous crew), Randy Wayne (producer), Peter Paul Basler (producer), Danny Roth (director), Kimberley Roper (miscellaneous crew), Danny Roth (writer), David Hill (actor), David Cohen (actor), Traci Lords (actress), Kane Hodder (actor), Lucy Doty (miscellaneous crew), Marguerite Lliteras (miscellaneous crew), Scout Taylor-Compton (actress), Cerina Vincent (actress), Christopher Mintz-Plasse (actor),
Plot: Billy is the self-designated leader of a group of teenagers living in a shelter. Jacob and Rae, Billy's oldest childhood friends, live there as well as part of "the family". Billy has an AIDs-like virus, which he has passed on to his blood brother Jacob. Billy and Rae are boyfriend and girlfriend, much to the dismay of Jacob who has always loved Rae from afar. Billy's philosophy of life, and how that interfaces with having a deadly virus, comes to a head when Billy and Jacob compete in a very unique game of "Tag", with the future of Rae and "the family" dependent upon the outcome.
Keywords: homeless, teenagerEverything is sold
For highway's guns and gold
The earth, the sky, the sea
Future and history
This is not how it's supposed to be
And those who died to set us free
Must be ashamed of our liberty
In a self serving society
Where computers are a deity
And everything's about the me
We sit by and watch it all die
Trained not to try
As the ghosts begin to cry
This is not how it's supposed to be
And those who died to set us free
Must be afraid of our liberty
In a self serving society
Where computers are a deity
And everything's about the me
The parade is all lies
It's a death march in disguise
Where we bury our hearts
So we can play our parts
In a self serving society
Where computers are a deity
And everything's about the me
And Christ gets locked up in a cell
The prophets are all there as well
For teaching is about the hell
So come back to life
So come back to life
No this is not how it's supposed to be
And those who died to set us free
Must be ashamed of our liberty
And Christ gets locked up in a cell
The prophets are all there as well