- published: 09 May 2016
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Krauze is a surname that may refer to:
Enrique Krauze Kleinbort (b. September 16, 1947 in Mexico City) is a Mexican historian, essayist and publisher. He is president of the publisher Editorial Clío and director of the cultural magazine Letras Libres.
Krauze received a bachelor's degree in industrial engineering from the UNAM and a doctorate in history from El Colegio de México. In 1978, he received a scholarship from the John Simon Guggenheim Memorial Foundation. He has been professor and researcher for the Centro de Estudios Históricos at El Colegio de México, visiting professor at St. Antony's College (University of Oxford) (from December 1981 to 1983) and at The Wilson Center (from October to December 1987). From 1968 to 1970 he participated as a member of the student council as part of the Engineering school. For over twenty years he collaborated with Octavio Paz in Vuelta, where he was deputy editor (1977–1981) and as deputy director (1981–1986). In 1992 he created Editorial Clío, which he directs. In 1999 he created the cultural magazine Letras Libres, that is distributed in several Spanish-speaking countries. He is the brother of artist Perla Krauze (b. 1953).
Carlos Salinas de Gortari (Spanish pronunciation: [ˈkarlos saˈlinaz ðe ɣorˈtaɾi]) (born April 3, 1948) is a Mexican economist and politician affiliated to the Institutional Revolutionary Party (PRI) who served as President of Mexico from 1988 to 1994. Earlier in his career he worked in the Budget Secretariat all the way up to Secretary. He was the PRI presidential candidate in 1988, and was elected on July 6, 1988.
Cárdenas registered as an opposing candidate from a left-wing coalition called Frente Democrático Nacional. He rapidly became a popular figure, and became the first opposing candidate to fill the Zócalo with sympathizers and to seriously threaten the PRI which had won all presidential elections since its inception in 1929. The Ministry of Interior (Secretaría de Gobernación), through its Federal Electoral Commission, was the institution in charge of the electoral process, and installed a modern computing system to count the votes. On July 6, 1988, the day of the elections, the system "crashed", and when it was finally restored, Carlos Salinas was declared the official winner. Even though the elections are extremely controversial, and some declare that Salinas won legally, the expression se cayó el sistema (the system crashed, lit. "the system fell down") became a colloquial euphemism for electoral fraud.