Name	Gojri/Gujari
Familycolor	Indo-European
States	Pakistan, India
Speakers	20 million (2010)
Fam2	Indo-Iranian
Fam3	Indo-Aryan
Fam4	Central Indo-Aryan
Fam5	Rajasthani
Iso2	raj|iso3=gju}}

Gojri, also known as Gujari is an Indo-Aryan language spoken by the Gujjars of Northern-Pakistan, India and Afghanistan. The language is thousands of years old. It is classified as a form or dialect of Rajasthani by the linguists.Scholars agree on the fact that Rajasthani or Marwari and Gujarati is evolved from this language.The language was known as Gujjar bhakha or Gurjar Apabhramsha lately. It was used as literary language as early as 12th century.Poet Bhoja has referred to Gaurjar Apabhramsha (Gurjar Apabhramsha) in 1014 AD.

The language is mainly spoken in the Jammu & Kashmir, Himachal Pradesh, Rajasthan, Haryana, Uttaranchal, Punjab, Gujarat and many other parts of India. The language is also spoken by Gujjars of Pakistan. News in gojri is aired in Jammu & Kashmir on Radio. The Language is most closely related to Marwari and Gujarati. Many words of gojri language assembles from the language of Turks.

The Government of Jammu and Kashmir has already recognized Gojri by including it into sixth scheduled of the constitution.

History

Gojri is an offshoot of Indo-Aryan Group of languages, and during the dawn of Sanskrit and Persian poetry and prose in the Indian sub-continent several noted poets and Sufi saints used Gojri to spread their message. Noted poet-musician Hazrat Amir Khusro formally made mention Gojri language in the list of eighteen Indian languages of his time. Researchers and historians are of considered opinion that Gujri language is the mother of Rajasthani and Gujarati languages

According to well researched document the poets and saints who used this language to spread their message were: Saint Noor-ud-Din; Sat Guru (1094 CE); Amir Shah Miran Ji (1494 CE); Shah Bhajan (1397-1508 CE); Qazi Mehmood Daryaee (1419-1545 CE); Ali Jevan Gham Dhani (1565 CE); Burhan–ud-Din Janam (1572 CE); Khub Mahammad Chashti (1539-1614 CE); Adil Shah Sani Jagat Guru (1411 CE); Qutab Shah (1556-1611 CE); Mulana Afzal Pani Patti (1625 CE); Amin Gujrati (1657 CE) Miran Ji Hashmi (1688 CE) etc. These poets and saints known all over India for their unique socio-cultural fraternity used Gojri in their verses to communicate and spread the message of brotherhood, peace and secularism.

As it continues to be a significant language in the subcontinent, Gojri has richly contributed to literary traditions and treasure in the forms of Mathnavis, prose, folklore and religious literature.

Gojri is being widely spoken and is in fact mother tongue of over 20 Million people residing in various parts of India particularly in Jammu and Kashmir, Himachal Pradesh, Rajasthan, Punjab, Haryana, Delhi, Uttar Pradesh, Madhya Pradesh, Gujarat and Uttaranchal.

Literature and Communications

Internationally noted linguistic researcher Sir G. A. Gareirson, while analysing various languages of India, has written a full volume on the Gojri language. In his work Sir Garreirson has accepted and outlined universal influence of Gojri and its impact on other Indian languages. Oxford University compiled the first ever grammar of the Gojri language in 1905. The Linguistic Survey of India has surveyed various aspects of Gojri Language and its influence on other languages. In its research project, the Linguistic Survey of India has described Gojri as one of the main languages instrumental in developing and flourishing other languages. The Central Institute of Indian Language Mysoor Karnatika, under Ministry of Human Resource Development, Government of India, has published various books on the linguistic aspect of Gojri language.

Institutions working for Gojri

The All India Radio and Doordarshan Kendra are already running various Gojri programmes. The Radio Kashmir Jammu, Srinagar, Poonch in India and Seven Radio Stations of Pakistan and PTV have since long been airing Gojri programmes and news bulletins which has wide acceptance across the state of Jammu and Kashmir. A large number of Gojri books have been published in various in various subjects which include encyclopedias, dictionaries, grammar, poetry, prose, flora and fauna, folklore, art and architecture, agriculture, sociology and research documents. The National Academy of Letters, Sahitya Akademi, New Delhi has also recognised Gojri as one of the major Indian languages for its prestigious National Award, Bhasha Samman and other programmes. The Jammu and Kashmir Academy of Arts, Culture and Languages has a well established Gojri Department in its Central Office which is in operation for last 30 years. Hundreds of books in Gojri, dictionaries and other research works have been published by this institutasion and organised hundreds of Seminar, conference etc. for the development of Gojri Language. Jammu and Kashmir State Board of School Education made curriculum in Gojri up to Middle Standard for Teaching Gojri in Schools. The University of Jammu Council has also approved the opening of Gojri Research Centre in Jammu and University of Kashmir have awarded several Doctorate Degrees on completing research projects on Gojri. In Pakistan Occupied Kashmir, the Gojri Academy has been established and Post Graduate Studies Department has been set up in various Universities, Regional Research Centers.

Organizations working for Gojri:

* ''Tribal Research and Cultural Foundation Poonch

''Gurjar Desh Charitable Trust Jammu

''Anjmun Gujjran Srinagar

''Jammu and Kashmir Anjuman Taraqi Gojri Adab Rajouri

''Bhartya Gurjar Pareshad Uatter Pardesh.

''Anjuman Gojri Zuban-o-Adab Tral Kashmir

''Organisation of Himalyan Gujjars Poonch

''Adbi Sangat Wangat Kashmir

''Adbi Majlis Gojri Jammu

''Sarwari Memorial Gojri Society Jammu

''Gojri Dramatic Club Jammu

''Gujjar Writers Association Uri Baramulla.

''Gojri Anjumun Badgam

''Gujjar Manch Kathua

''Bazm-i-Adab Kalakote Rajouri

''Gojri Development Center Karnah Kupwara

Halqa.e.Gojari Adab Gilgit

Demographics

The communities that speak Gojri as second language include:

''Muslim Jats of Jammu and Kashmir

''Backward classes of Poonch/Rajouri/Udhampur/Doda/Baramulla/Kupwara

''Gaddi Tribe of Kashmir

''Mir and Qurieshi Tribe of Poonch and Rajouri Districts in India

''Pakhtoons

''Hazarwi Tribes

''Peer Panchal Tribes

''Bakerwals

''Ajhries

''Paharis (Muslms)

''Some Dogri Sipeaking People of Udhampur

''Some Kashmiri Speaking people of Poonch, Rajouri, Doda, Baramulla, and Kupwara

''Punjabis of POONCH & RAJOURI

''Hindko Speaking

References

1992: Rensch, Calvin R., Hindko and Gujari National Institute of Pakistani Studies, 305 pp. ISBN 9698023135.

External links

Dr. R.P. Khatana. Gujari Language and Identity in Jammu and Kashmir.

Category:Indo-Aryan languages Category:Languages of Pakistan Category:Languages of India Category:Gurjar

Name	Parveen Sultana
Background	solo_singer
Born	July 10, 1950
Origin	Assam, India
Instrument	Vocal
Genre	Khayal, Bhajans, Thumris
Occupation	Hindustani Classical Music
Years active	1962 - Present

Begum Parveen Sultana (born 1950) is a Assamese Hindustani classical singer of the Patiala Gharana. She is among the foremost classical vocalists in India and is known as Queen of Classical Vocal.

She was conferred the Padmashri in 1976.

Personal life and background

Parveen Sultana was born at Daccapatty in Nowgong town , Assam, India to Ikramul Mazid and Maroofa Mazid. She went to Mission School .

Her father, late Ikramul Mazid was her first guru and he was very strict with her. She also received early training from her grandfather Mohammed Najeef Khan, a pathan . She later went to Kolkata to learn to learn music under the guidance of late Pandit Chinmoy Lahiri and from 1973, she became a disciple of Ustad Dilshad Khan of the Patiala Gharana.

She is married to Ustad Dilshad Khan. They have a daughter.

Career

Parveen Sultana gave her first stage performance in 1962 when she was only 12 and has been recording music since 1965.

Sultana has sung for movies like Gadar, Kudrat, Do Boond Pani, and Pakeezah. Recently, she sang the theme song of Vikram Bhatt’s latest opus 1920. She also sang Humein Tumse Pyaar Kitna - Kudrat 1981.

Parveen Sultana has recorded for HMV, Polydor, Music India, Bharat Records, Auvidis, Magnasound, Sonodisc, Amigo.

Awards and recognition

Padmashree award - 1976

Gandharva Kalanidhi - 1980

Miyan Tansen Prize - 1986

Sangeet Samraggi conferred by the Assam Government - 1994

Filmfare Best Female Playback Award--Kudrat (1981) for the song "Hame Tumse Pyar Kitna"

Sangeet Natak Akademi Award in 1999.

Srimant Sankardev award by Assam government

Discography

+ evergreen Assamese song: Imaan dhuniya buli nokoba..mur laaj laagi jai

Safar (Raga Maru Behag & C.)

Parveen (Raga Rageshri/Mishra Mand)

Parveen Sultana & Dilshad Khan

Dilshad Khan and Parween Sultana - Duologue in Raga - 1997

References

External links

Parveen Sultana

A profile on Parveen Sultana from The Assam Tribune

Category:Hindustani singers Category:Recipients of the Sangeet Natak Akademi Award Category:1950 births Category:Indian Muslims Category:Living people Category:Filmfare Awards winners Category:Place of birth missing (living people)

Name	Pandit Jasraj
Background	solo_singer
Born	January 28, 1930
Origin	Hissar, Haryana, India, Shimla
Genre	Hindustani classical music, Mewati Gharana
Occupation	singer
Years active	1945 - present
Url	Official site

Pandit Jasraj (born 28 January 1930) is an Indian classical vocalist. He is the foremost exponent of the Mewati Gharana of Hindustani classical music.

Early life

Jasraj was born in Hissar, Haryana in an orthodox brahmin family to Pandit Motiramji, a classical exponent. His family is well known for singing in the Mewati Gharana style. Motiramji died when Jasrajji was only four, on the day he was to be appointed as the state musician in the court of the Last Nizam.

Jasraj was initiated into vocal music by his father. He also received training from his elder brother, Pandit Maniramji, and later from Maharaja Jaywant Singhji Waghela. In 1960, when Jasraj went to visit Bade Ghulam Ali Khan in hospital, Khan asked him to become his disciple, but Jasraj declined saying that he could not accept Khan's tutelage since he was already Motiram's disciple.

As a means of livelihood, Maniramji took Jasraj as an accompanying tabla player. However, at the time, just like sarangi players, tabla players were looked down upon as minor artists. At the age of 14, unhappy with his treatment as an accompanying artist, Jasraj left and vowed not to cut his hair until he learned to sing.

Performing career

, Hyderabad, in 2007]] Jasraj's vocal range extends across three-and-a-half octaves. His vocalizing is in perfect diction and clarity, a trademark of the Mewati Gharana's style of Khayal. He has also done extensive research in Haveli Sangeet under Baba Shyam Manohar Goswami Maharaj to create numerous innovative bandish (composition). They have a son, Sarang Dev, and a daughter, Durga Jasraj, a television anchor and presenter. Madhura Jasraj has directed documentaries, children’s plays, apart from directing and producing acclaimed ballets, Geet Govind, Kaan Kahaani and Surdas and the TV series, Faster Phene. She made a film, Sangeet Martand Pandit Jasraj on Pandit Jasraj, in 2009 and in 2010, directed her first Marathi film, Aai Tuzha Aashirwad, in which Lata Mangeshkar and her husband have sung in Marathi.

Music composers Jatin-Lalit are his nephews.

Awards

Padma Vibhushan, (art-classical music-vocal) in 2000

Sangeet Natak Akademi Award in 1987

Sangeet Kala Ratna

Master Dinanath Mangeshkar Award

Lata Mangeshkar Puraskar

Maharashtra Gaurav Puraskar

Surer Guru

Sangeet Natak Akademi Fellowship (2010)

Marwar Sangeet Ratna Award

Discography

Raga Symphony (2009)

Baiju Bawra (2008)

Upasana (2007)

Tapasya Vol. 1 (2005)

Darbar (2003)

Maheshwara Mantra (2002)

Soul Food (2005)

Jasraj, Pandit Vol. 2 - Haveli Sangeet

Inspiration (2000)

Ragas Triveni and Multani Live

Ragas Bihada and Gaud Giri Malhar

Worship By Music/Live Stuggart '88

Ornamental Voice

Filmography

Ladki Sahyadri Ki (1966, music by Vasant Desai)

Birbal My Brother (1973, music by Shyam Prabhakar)

1920 (2008, music by Adnan Sami)

References

External links

Pandit Jasraj Institute of Music, New York

Category:1930 births Category:Hindustani singers Category:Living people Category:Recipients of the Padma Bhushan Category:Recipients of the Padma Shri Category:Recipients of the Padma Vibhushan Category:People from Rajasthan Category:Recipients of the Sangeet Natak Akademi Award Category:Recipients of the Sangeet Natak Akademi Fellowship Category:Mewati gharana Category:Indian singers Category:Bhajan singers

Name	Ghulam Ali
Background	solo_singer
Origin	Kaleke, Sialkot, Punjab, Pakistan
Genre	Ghazal
Occupation	singer
Spouses	Anna Mazur

Ghulam Ali (}}, (born 1940) is a Pakistani ghazal singer of the Patiala gharana. He is not to be confused with the Indian singer Bade Ghulam Ali Khan (of whom he was a disciple) or Chhote Ghulam Ali, who is another Pakistani singer in the Qual Bachon Gharana.

Early life and background

Ali was born in the village of Kaleke in the Sialkot District of Punjab, pre-partition India (now in Pakistan). He belongs to a musical family, his father was a vocalist and a sarangi player who initiated Ghulam Ali to music from his childhood.

Ali's father named him after Bade Ghulam Ali. At 15, he became a student of Bade Ghulam Ali Khan, a master of the Patiala Gharana of Hindustani music. Due to the busy schedule of Bade Ghulam Ali, he was trained mainly by Bade Ghulam Ali Khan's three brothers, Barqat Ali Khan, Mubarak Ali Khan, and Amanat Ali Khan, in Lahore.

All these distinguished classical musicians taught him the finer nuances of classical music. His solid foundation of classical music included studying Thumri and learning to sing raga.

Career

Ali started singing for Radio Lahore in 1960. Along with singing ghazals, Ghulam Ali composes music for his ghazals. His compositions are raga-based and sometimes include a scientific mixture of ragas. He is known for blending gharana-gaayaki into ghazal and this gives his singing the capability to touch hearts. He beautifully sings Punjabi songs too. Most of his Punjabi songs have been extremely popular. Though from Pakistan, Ghulam Ali remains as popular in India as in Pakistan.

He entered Hindi Cinema with a Hindi film song Chupke Chupke Raat Din in B. R. Chopra's film, Nikaah. Other popular ghazals include Hungama hai kyon barpaa and Awaargi.

On being questioned about Pakistani pop groups, Ghulam Ali replied, "Frankly, I am really bewildered at their style of singing. How can you sing a song by running and jumping around the stage? The stage is meant for performing not for acrobatics."

Ali has also sung some beautiful ghazals like Kina kina timro tasveer, Gajalu tee thula thula aankha, Lolaaeka aee thula and Ke chha ra diun in Nepali language with Narayan Gopal, a well known Nepali singer, and composer Deepak Jangam. These songs were compiled in an album entitled Narayan Gopal, Ghulam Ali Ra Ma, and are popular among Nepali music lovers to this day.

One of his memorable concerts was at the Taj Mahal.

Notable Ghazals/Songs

Ae husn-ae lala faam

Apne Dhun Mai Reheta Hun Mai Bhee Tere Jaisa Hun

Apni Tasveer Ko Aankhon Se

Baharon Ka Chaman

Barsan Lagi Sun Budiya Raja

Chamakte Chand Ko Tuta Hua Tara Bana Dala

Chhup Chhupa Ke Piyo

Chupke Chupke Raat Din

Dil Buk Buk Ahro

Dil Jala Ke Mera Muskuraate Hain Woh

Dil dhadakne ka sabab

Dil Mein Ek Leher Si Uthi Hai Abhi

Fasle Aise Bhi Honge

Heer

Hum Tere Shahar Mein Aaye Hain

Hum To Kitno Ko Mehzabeen Kehte Hain

Humko Kiske Gham Ne Mara

Hungama Hai Kyon Barpa

Itni muddat baad mile ho

Jin ke honton pe hansi

Kabhi neki mein mujhe

Kachhi Deewar Hoon Thokar Na Lagana

Kaisi Chali Hai Abke Hawa

Kal Chaudvin Ki Raat Thi

Kal Raat Bazm mein jo mila

Kehte Hai Mujhse Ishq Ka Afsana Chahiye

Khuli Jo Aankh

Khusboo Gunche Talash Karti Hain

Khusboo Jaise Log Mile

Ki Pucchde Ho Haal

Kiya Hai Pyaar Jise

koi humnafas nahi hai

Main Nazar Se Pee Raha Hoon

Mariz-e-muhabbat unhi ka fasana

Mehfil Mein Baar Baar

Mera Kya Tha Tere Hisaab Mein

Ni Chambe Diye Bandh

Patta Patta Boota Boota

Rabba Mere Haal Da

Tak Patri Waaleya Lekh Mere

Tumhare Khat Mein Naya Ik Salaam

Woh Kabhi Mil Jayen To

Woh Jo Hum Mein Tum Mein Qarar Tha

Yeh Batein Jhooti Batein Hain

Yeh Dil Yeh Pagal Dil

Zakhm-e-Tanhai Mein Khusboo-e-Heena Kiski Thi

Discography

Narayan Gopal, Ghulam Ali Ra Ma (Nepali Ghazals)

Suraag - In Concert

With Love

Mast Nazren -Ecstatic Glances Live in London, 1984

Ghazalain - Live at Islamabad

Passions

Hungama Live In Concert Vol.1

Poems of Love

Tere Shahar Mein

Saadgee

Haseen Lamhen

Ghazals

Anjuman Behtareen Ghazlen

Soulful

Once More

The Golden Moments - Patta Patta Boota Boota

Live in USA Vol 2 - Private Mehfil Series

Suno

Live in USA Vol 1 - Private Mehfil Series

Saugaat

Khwahish

At His Very Best

Aawargee

The Finest Recordings Of Ghulam Ali

Great Ghazals

The Golden Collection

Geet Aur Ghazals

Dillagee

Kalaam-E-Mohabbat

Chupke Chupke - Live In Concert, England

Rang Tarang vol 1,2

Janay Walay

Heer

Khushboo

Ghulam Ali - The Very Best

Ghulam Ali - Mehfil - Collection From Live Concerts

The Best Of Ghulam Ali

Lag Gaya Nain

Awargi—Ghulam Ali - Vocal CDNF418/419 Live. Vol.3 & 4.

Aitbaar

Aadaab Ustad (Ghazals)

Mahtab

Ghulam Ali Vol.1 and 2

A Ghazal Treat - Ghulam Ali In Concert

Ghulam Ali In Concert

Khushboo

Awargi (Live) Vol 1 and 2

Moods and Emotions

Ek Ehsaas - A Confluence Of The Finest Ghazal Voices

''Best Of Ghulam Ali

''Greatest Hits Of

''The Golden Moments Ghulam Ali Vol.1

''A Live Concert

''The Best of Ghulam Ali

''Aabshaar

''Lamha Lamha

''Once More

''Parchhaiyan

''Mehraab

''Ghulam Ali Live At India Gate - Swar Utsav 2001 - Songs Of The Wandering Soul

Ghalib - Ghazals - Ghulam Ali - Mehdi Hassan

The Latest,the best"\

References

External links

Lyrics and English Translations of Compositions of Ghulam Ali

Ghulam Ali

List Of Ghulam Ali Ghazals & more

Ghulam Ali Ghazals Online

Ghulam Ali Concert

Category:1940 births Category:Living people Category:Pakistani ghazal singers Category:Pakistani male singers Category:Pakistani Sunni Muslims Category:People from Sialkot Category:Punjabi people