- published: 09 Apr 2016
- views: 227
Perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA), also known as C8 and perfluorooctanoate, is a synthetic perfluorinated carboxylic acid and fluorosurfactant. One industrial application is as a surfactant in the emulsion polymerization of fluoropolymers. It has been used in the manufacture of such prominent consumer goods as polytetrafluoroethylene (commercially known as Teflon). PFOA has been manufactured since the 1940s in industrial quantities. It is also formed by the degradation of precursors such as some fluorotelomers.
PFOA persists indefinitely in the environment. It is a toxicant and carcinogen in animals. PFOA has been detected in the blood of more than 98% of the general US population in the low and sub-parts per billion range, and levels are higher in chemical plant employees and surrounding subpopulations. How general populations are exposed to PFOA is not completely understood. PFOA has been detected in industrial waste, stain resistant carpets, carpet cleaning liquids, house dust, microwave popcorn bags, water, food, some cookware and PTFE such as Teflon.
The Ohio River, which streams westward from Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, to Cairo, Illinois, is the largest tributary, by volume, of the Mississippi River in the United States. At the confluence, the Ohio is considerably bigger than the Mississippi (Ohio at Cairo: 281,500 cu ft/s (7,960 m3/s); Mississippi at Thebes: 208,200 cu ft/s (5,897 m3/s)) and, thus, is hydrologically the main stream of the whole river system, including the Allegheny River further upstream.
The 981-mile (1,579 km) river flows through or along the border of six states, and its drainage basin includes parts of 15 states. Through its largest tributary, the Tennessee River, the basin includes many of the states of the southeastern U.S. It is the source of drinking water for three million people.
It is named in Iroquoian or Seneca: Ohi:yó, lit. "Good River" or Shawnee: Pelewathiipi and Spelewathiipi. The river had great significance in the history of the Native Americans, as numerous civilizations formed along its valley. For thousands of years, Native Americans used the river as a major transportation and trading route. Its waters connected communities. In the five centuries before European conquest, the Mississippian culture built numerous regional chiefdoms and major earthwork mounds in the Ohio Valley, such as Angel Mounds near Evansville, Indiana, as well as in the Mississippi Valley and the Southeast. The Osage, Omaha, Ponca and Kaw lived in the Ohio Valley, but under pressure from the Iroquois to the northeast, migrated west of the Mississippi River to Missouri, Arkansas and Oklahoma in the 17th century.
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Teflon has been around since the 1940's, but could it be dangerous for you and your family? If there are any questions as to its safety, should it be in use in cookware? The non-stick coating, also known as PTFE, is used in a wide range of pots and pans. Many proponents of the chemical coating point out it is highly-stable, and does not react with other chemicals. It is also used in fabric protectors. Because of their non-stick qualities, these products are found in many kitchens across America. But, dangers may be lurking in the coating. For a long time, people have warned of the dangers of heating Teflon pans too high, for fear of releasing toxic gases. New research shows those critical temperatures are lower than most people believed. A chemical called PFOA is used in the manufactur...
The state Department of Environmental Services continues to test water in southern New Hampshire following revelations earlier this year of that the chemical PFOA was found in wells and drinking water around Saint Gobain Performance Plastics in Merrimack. Subscribe to WMUR on YouTube now for more: http://bit.ly/1lOjX9C Get more Manchester news: http://wmur.com Like us: http://facebook.com/wmur9 Follow us: http://twitter.com/WMUR9 Google+: https://plus.google.com/+wmur
Living with a Contaminated Water source? Forced to use bottled water for the majority of your needs? This can help! Based off of our own experiences with dealing with a contaminated water source (and 4 children), as well of a lack of videos on the subject, we have put together this video to assist you as you make this adjustment to living with bottled water. We will talk simply about some tricks and tactics that worked for us, in hopes that it can alleviate the stresses that are now facing you. In particular, we offer some solutions to handling things in the kitchen and the bathroom. This is not about the science or about anything political - it's just a simple video to assist your family and its needs. If you are interested in the science behind it, there are many, many resources o...
In this special edition of the Message Podcast, we take an in-depth look at the water crisis unfolding in the Hoosick Falls region by talking with local resident Michael Hickey, investigative reporter Brendan J. Lyons and Dr. Richard Clapp of Boston University. Slideshow credits: Photo of Brendan J. Lyons by Times-Union, Photos of Michael Hickey by the AP's Mike Groll, Photo of Parkersburg, WV from Wikipedia, Aerial shot of Hoosick Falls from Google Earth and photo of Dr. Richard Clapp from Boston University. Special thanks as always to our executive music producer Marsh Sound, and you can find the rest of his tunes at marshsound.bandcamp.com Stay tuned for next week's live show as we debut Part 2 of this series on the Upstate NY water crisis.
Historical usage of aqueous film forming foams (AFFFs) at military airports is a potential source of perfluoroalkyl acids (PFAAs) to the nearby environment.
CINCINNATI (WKRC) - A new study is out, which says a toxic chemical was in our Ohio River water source for many more years than previously known based on blood samples of water customers. Most of us get our drinking water from the Ohio River. Most of us have probably not heard of a chemical which was in that river with a name so long it's simply abbreviated as “PFOA.” Scientific studies have statistically linked PFOA exposure to six diseases, including two cancers, near Parkersburg, West Virginia, where people also get their water from the Ohio. Parkersburg is where a DuPont chemical plant manufactured PFOA for years and discharged the substance into the river. Studies suggest PFOA flowed down here and many of us drank it in, particularly in northern Kentucky, where water treatment was...
This is Raw footage of the PFOA Event #4 5man Rookies at Davis Paintball. Thanks to all the Teams, Refs, Davis Paintball, and all the Sponsors that make these Events so GREAT!!! Thank you all, and see you at the GRAND FINALE at Davis Paintball!!!
This is the first video of two for the Norcal PFOA Event #3 at USPN. Thanks to all the Teams that came on out and gave us such GREAT Games! Thanks to All the Reffs (Chuck and the Posse), Karnage Paintballs, Shyyphotography, BallersCafe, and all those who help make this a GREAT SEASON thus far! Go NORCAL, and see you all at DAVIS PAINTBALL PARK for the Next Event!!!
Okay, I know a lot of you Ballaz want to see yourself play in the games...there are just so many games, and its in HD....so Raw footage folks!!! Plus I didnt record all these games myself(thanx Juan). You can tell when Im recording...(the camera doesnt have a seizure!!!) Anyways, these are just a few of the games in Raw footage, enjoy, and Ill get the 141 games on up soon.
Ballaz Ballin X-brawl Style @ SCP! Edge, COA, Adobo, just to name a few. This will be the place come Jan. 31st for the 1st RaceTo-2 Xbrawl format Tourney to be played at SCP. The PFOA will be at SCP with a Full X-brawl field! Crowd Participation, Coaches, and Ramping! So tell your moms and ladies cuz they can cheer all day for the you...the mvp of the day!
and balls keep flying!!!
Vertraut geleitet an den fremden Ort, ließ ich manches zurück, und bewegte mich fort.
Ein Stück von dort war ein unbekanntes Ziel, das ich so nicht verfolgte, wie in
einem Spiel waren die Regeln verschwommen, es gab nichts zu bekommen, es gab nichts
zu gewinnen, ich ließ mich einfach spinnen, die Zeit verrinnen und sah mir nur zu,
wie mir Fühler wuchsen, deren Grund warst du. Offen und heimlich, aufrecht und
peinlich war der Zufall geplant, entstand so ein Land, das wir oft verließen, öfter
aufeinander stießen, es bei Ahnungen beließen, die uns neues verhießen, deine
Gedanken, die konnten nicht klärn, wer gewinnt. Unser Traum fand die Worte nicht,
die er verdient, doch fand die Neugier ihren eigenen Lohn, und bahnte sich Wege im
Flüsterton.
Wie alles begann, kommt mir dann und wann in den Sinn,
über tausend Mauern führte doch mein Gang zu dir hin.
Was alles geschah, glänzt wieder wie Gold,
Fortsetzung folgt.
Wir liefen los nebeneinander einen schier endlosen Weg, im Wald der Stille die
Hoffnung gesät und gespäht, worin sich der andre verrät, wohin der Pfad geht, wie
die Prüfung gerät. Kühne Gefühle, tanzten nun auf der Bühne, im Keller der
Zweisamkeit wurde es heller, so hell, dass das Augenlicht schreckte, versteckte
Signale, die ich dir zum Leuchtfeuer erweckte. Verwebte Erwartung gesteigert,
erweitert die Sinne, war uns an der Stelle der Schwelle der Zutritt verweigert, der
Anfang vom Ende das Ende vom Ende und mit ihm die Wende.
Wie alles begann, kommt mir dann und wann in den Sinn,
über tausend Mauern führte doch mein Gang zu dir hin.
Was alles geschah, glänzt wieder wie Gold,
Fortsetzung folgt
Die Sinne, die wurden uns neu geboren, verborgene Dinge verborgen geborgen. Der
Morgen danach war ein Morgen davor, ein Endpunkt wurde zum glänzenden Tor. Die
Eindrücke füllten uns unsere Seelen, verhüllte Gefühle warn nun anzusehen, freizügig
zu stehlen aus unendlichem Schatz - unsre Heimat nahm Platz.