Empire State Building Construction: "Making A Skyscraper" circa 1930 11min
http://quickfound.net/links/architecture_news_and_links
.html
Public domain film from the
Library of Congress Prelinger Archive, slightly cropped to remove uneven edges, with the aspect ratio corrected, and mild video noise reduction applied.
The film was silent, I have added public domain music,
Beethoven Piano Sonata No 2, Op 27, 2nd & 3rd movements, played and uploaded by
Paul Pitman, from musopen.org.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Empire_State_Building
The Empire State Building is a 102-story landmark skyscraper and
American cultural icon in
New York City at the intersection of
Fifth Avenue and
West 34th Street. It has a roof height of 1,250 feet (381 meters), and with its antenna spire included, it stands a total of 1,454 ft (443.2 m) high. Its name is derived from the nickname for
New York, the
Empire State. It stood as the world's tallest building for 40 years, from its completion in 1931 until construction of the
World Trade Center's
North Tower was completed in
1972.
Following the destruction of the World Trade Center in
2001, the
Empire State Building reclaimed the position of tallest building in New York (although it was no longer the tallest in the world).
Once the new
One World Trade Center is completed, the Empire State Building will once again be demoted to second tallest building in New York.
The Empire State Building is designed in the distinctive
Art Deco style, and has been named by the
American Society of Civil Engineers as one of the
Seven Wonders of the
Modern World... It was designated as a
National Historic Landmark in
1986. In
2007, it was ranked number one on the
List of
America's Favorite Architecture according to the
AIA. The building is owned and managed by
W&H; Properties. The Empire State Building is currently the third tallest skyscraper in the
United States (after the
Willis Tower and
Trump International Hotel and Tower, both in
Chicago), and the 15th tallest in the world. It is also the fourth-tallest freestanding structure in the
Americas. The Empire State Building is currently undergoing a $550 million renovation, with $
120 million spent in an effort to transform the building into a more energy efficient and eco-friendly structure...
The Empire State Building was designed by
William F. Lamb from the architectural firm
Shreve, Lamb and Harmon, which produced the building drawings in just two weeks, using its earlier designs for the
Reynolds Building in
Winston-Salem, North Carolina, and the
Carew Tower in
Cincinnati, Ohio (designed by the architectural firm
W.W. Ahlschlager &
Associates) as a basis. Every year the staff of the Empire State Building sends a
Father's Day card to the staff at the Reynolds Building in Winston-Salem to pay homage to its role as predecessor to the Empire State Building. The building was designed from the top down.
The general contractors were The Starrett
Brothers and Eken, and the project was financed primarily by
John J. Raskob and
Pierre S. du Pont. The construction company was chaired by
Alfred E. Smith, a former
Governor of New York and
James Farley's
General Builders
Supply Corporation supplied the building materials.
John W. Bowser was project construction superintendent.
Excavation of the site began on
January 22,
1930, and construction on the building itself started symbolically on March 17—
St. Patrick's Day—per
Al Smith's influence as Empire State,
Inc. president.
The project involved 3,400 workers, mostly immigrants from
Europe, along with hundreds of
Mohawk iron workers, many from the
Kahnawake reserve near
Montreal. According to official accounts, five workers died during the construction.[24]
Governor Smith's grandchildren cut the ribbon on May 1, 1931.
Lewis Wickes Hine's photography of the construction provides not only invaluable documentation of the construction, but also a glimpse into common day life of workers in that era.
The construction was part of an intense competition in New York for the title of "world's tallest building". Two other projects fighting for the title,
40 Wall Street and the
Chrysler Building, were still under construction when work began on the Empire State Building. Each held the title for less than a year, as the Empire State Building surpassed them upon its completion, just 410 days after construction commenced. The building was officially opened on May 1, 1931 in dramatic fashion, when
United States President Herbert Hoover turned on the building's lights with the push of a button from
Washington, D.C. Coincidentally, the first use of tower lights atop the Empire State Building, the following year, was for the purpose of signaling the victory of
Franklin D. Roosevelt over
Hoover in the presidential election of
November 1932...