- published: 15 Apr 2011
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The Battle of Bassorah (also known as the Battle of the Camel or Battle of Jamal) was a battle that took place at Basra, Iraq in 656 between forces allied to Ali ibn Abi Talib (Muhammad's cousin and son-in-law, Commander of the Faithful) and forces allied to Aisha (widow of Muhammad, and Mother of the Believers (Arabic: Umm-al-Mu'mineen)), who wanted justice on the perpetrators of the assassination of the previous caliph, Uthman.
Abu Bakr's reign was short, and in 634 CE he was succeeded by Umar as caliph. Assassination ended Umar's reign of ten years, and he was succeeded by Uthman Ibn Affan in 644 CE. Both of these men had been among Muhammad's earliest followers, were linked to him by clanship and marriage, and had taken prominent parts in various military campaigns.
Dissatisfaction and resistance had openly risen since 650-651 (30 AH) throughout most of the empire. The dissatisfaction with his regime and the governments he appointed was not restricted to the provinces outside Arabia. When Uthman's kin, especially Marwan, gained control over him, Uthman lost control over his Caliphate, and many of the noble companions, including most of the members of the elector council, withdrew their support.