The four tones of Chinese poetry and dialectology (simplified Chinese: 四声; traditional Chinese: 四聲; pinyin: sìshēng) are four traditional tone classes of Chinese words which derive from the four phonemic tones of Middle Chinese. They are even AKA level (平 píng), rising (上 shǎng), going AKA departing (去 qù), and entering AKA checked (入 rù). (The last three are collectively referred to as oblique 仄 (zè), an important concept in the tone patterns of Chinese poetry.) Due to splits and mergers, none of the modern varieties of Chinese have the four tones of Middle Chinese, but they are still noted in rhyming dictionaries, and are the basis for comparison between varieties of Chinese.

In Middle Chinese, each of the tone names carries the tone it identifies: 平 even ꜁biajŋ, 上 rising ꜃dʑɨaŋ, 去 going kʰɨə꜄, and 入 entering ȵip꜇. However, in some modern languages this is no longer true. This loss of correspondence is most notable in the case of the entering tone—that is, syllables checked in a stop consonant [p̚], [t̚], or [k̚] in Middle Chinese—which has been lost from most dialects of Mandarin and redistributed among the other tones.