In sociology, sociological perspectives, theories, or paradigms are complex theoretical and methodological frameworks, used to analyze and explain objects of social study, and facilitate organizing sociological knowledge. Sociological theory is constantly evolving, therefore it can never be presumed to be complete. It can involve analysis at a macro-level, which focuses on social structures shaping the society or at a micro-level which is a close-up study on social interaction taking place in specific situatons.

The idea of the sociological perspective was thought of by Peter L. Berger. He stated that the sociological perspective was seeing "the general in the particular" and that it helped sociologists realize general patterns in the behaviour of specific individuals One can think of sociological perspective as our own personal choice and how the society plays a role in shaping our individual lives.

A theory is a statement as to how and why particular facts are related.C. Wright Mills' theory of the sociological imagination related to the sociological perspective is how personal issues could become public issues. When sociologists create or construct theories, two basic questions arise. The first pertains to what the sociologists wants to study (including global issues, issues between genders, etc.), and the second question pertains to how the facts of this study will be connected.