Jalaun district

Jalaun District (Hindi:जालौन) is a district of Uttar Pradesh state of India.

The district is named after town of Jalaun, which was the former headquarters of a Maratha governor, but the administrative headquarters of the district is at Orai. Other large towns in the district are Kalpi, Konch, and Madhogarh.

Geography

Jalaun District is a part of Jhansi Division. The district has an area of 4565 km², and a population of 16,89,974 (2011 census), with a population density of 370 persons per km².

The district lies entirely within the level plain of Bundelkhand, north of the hill country, and is almost surrounded by the Yamuna River, which forms the northern boundary of the district, and its tributaries the Betwa, which forms the southern boundary of the district, and the Pahuj, which forms the western boundary. The central region thus enclosed is a dead level of cultivated land, almost destitute of trees, and dotted with villages. The southern portion presents an almost unbroken sheet of cultivation. The Non River flows through the centre of the district, which it drains by innumerable small ravines.

Jalaun

Jalaun is a city and a municipal board in Jalaun district in the Indian state of Uttar Pradesh.

The town was formerly the residence of a Maratha governor, but never the headquarters of the district, which are at Orai.

History

In early times Jalaun seems to have been the home of two Rajput clans, the Sengars in the east and the Kachwahas in the west. The village garghgawan was the estate of Bhadaurias clan, the historic monument(GADI)of this clan is still exist in this village.The town of Kalpi on the Yamuna was conquered by the armies of Muhammad of Ghor in 1196. Early in the 14th century the Bundelas occupied the greater part of Jalaun, and even succeeded in holding the fortified post of Kalpi. That important possession was soon recovered by the Delhi Sultanate, and passed under the way of the Mughal Empire. Akbar's governors at Kalpi maintained a nominal authority over the surrounding district, and the Bundela chiefs were in a state of chronic revolt, which culminated in the war of independence under Maharaja Chhatrasal. On the outbreak of his rebellion in 1671 he occupied a large province to the south of the Yamuna. Setting out from this base, and assisted by the Marathas, he conquered the whole of Bundelkhand. On his death in 1732 he bequeathed one-third of his dominions to his Maratha allies, who before long succeeded in annexing the whole of Bundelkhand. Under Maratha rule the country was a prey to constant anarchy and strife. To this period must be traced the origin of the poverty and desolation which are still conspicuous throughout the district.