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Sadiq Khan

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For the 18th-century shah of Persia, see Sadiq Khan Zand.
The Right Honourable
Sadiq Khan
Sadiq Khan.jpg
Mayor of London
Assumed office
8 May 2016
Deputy Joanne McCartney
Preceded by Boris Johnson
Shadow Secretary of State for Justice
Shadow Lord Chancellor
In office
8 October 2010 – 11 May 2015
Leader Ed Miliband
Preceded by Jack Straw
Succeeded by Charles Falconer
Shadow Secretary of State for Transport
In office
14 May 2010 – 8 October 2010
Leader Harriet Harman
Ed Miliband
Preceded by Andrew Adonis
Succeeded by Maria Eagle
Minister of State for Transport
In office
8 June 2009 – 11 May 2010
Prime Minister Gordon Brown
Preceded by Andrew Adonis
Succeeded by Theresa Villiers
Minister of State for Communities
In office
4 October 2008 – 8 June 2009
Prime Minister Gordon Brown
Preceded by Parmjit Dhanda
Succeeded by Shahid Malik
Member of Parliament
for Tooting
In office
5 May 2005 – 9 May 2016
Preceded by Tom Cox
Succeeded by TBE
Majority 2,842 (5.3%)
Personal details
Born Sadiq Aman Khan
(1970-10-08) 8 October 1970 (age 45)
Tooting, London, UK
Political party Labour
Spouse(s) Saadiya Ahmed (1994–present)[1]
Children 2
Alma mater University of North London
College of Law
Religion Islam
Website Official website
Mayor of London logo

Sadiq Aman Khan[2] (born 8 October 1970) is a British politician who has been the Mayor of London since May 2016. He was the Member of Parliament (MP) for Tooting from 2005 to 2016.[3][4] A member of the Labour Party, he is situated on the party's soft left and has been ideologically characterised as a social democrat.

Born in London to a working-class British Pakistani family, Khan gained a degree in Law from the University of North London. He subsequently worked as a solicitor specialising in human rights, and chaired Liberty for three years. Joining Labour, Khan was a Councillor for the London Borough of Wandsworth from 1994 to 2006 before being elected MP for Tooting in 2005. Under the Labour government of Prime Minister Gordon Brown he was appointed Minister of State for Communities in 2008, later becoming Minister of State for Transport. A key ally of Labour leader Ed Miliband, he served in Miliband's Shadow Cabinet as Shadow Secretary of State for Justice, Shadow Lord Chancellor, and Shadow Minister for London.

Khan was elected Mayor of London in the 2016 mayoral election, succeeding Conservative Party Mayor Boris Johnson. He announced that he would resign as MP for Tooting "as soon as possible".[3] His election as Mayor of London made him the first actively affiliated Muslim to become mayor of a major Western capital.[5]

Early life

Khan was born at St George's Hospital in Tooting, South London, the fifth of eight children (seven sons and a daughter) in a family of Pakistani immigrants.[6][7]

His grandparents migrated from India to Pakistan following the partition of India in 1947, and his parents migrated to England from Pakistan shortly before Khan was born. His late father, Amanullah Khan, worked as a bus driver for over 25 years; his mother, Sehrun, was a seamstress.[6]

Khan and his siblings grew up in a three-bedroom council flat on the Henry Prince Estate in Earlsfield. He attended Fircroft Primary School and then Ernest Bevin School (now Ernest Bevin College), a local comprehensive. Khan studied science and mathematics at A-level, in the hope of eventually qualifying as a dentist. A teacher recommended that he read law, as he had an argumentative personality. The teacher's suggestion, along with the American television programme L.A. Law, inspired Khan to do so. He entered the University of North London to study law.[6]

From his earliest years, Khan worked: "I was surrounded by my mum and dad working all the time, so as soon as I could get a job, I got a job. I got a paper round, a Saturday job – some summers I laboured on a building site."[6] The family continues to send money to relatives in Pakistan, "because we're blessed being in this country.” He and his family often encountered racism, which led to him and his brothers taking up boxing at the Earlsfield Amateur Boxing Club.[6] While studying for his degree, from the age of 18 to 21, he worked on Saturdays at the Peter Jones department store in Sloane Square.[8]

He was a visiting lecturer at the University of North London, and a Governor of South Thames FE College. Vice-Chairman of the Legal Action Group (LAG), Khan also served as Chairman of the civil liberties pressure group Liberty (NCCL) for three years.[citation needed]

Legal career

Before entering the House of Commons in 2005, Khan practised as a solicitor.

He completed the Law Society finals at the College of Law in Guildford. From 1994 to 1997, he was employed as a trainee solicitor and assistant solicitor and from 1997 to 2005, was a partner in the firm Christian Khan with Louise Christian.[6][9]

During his legal career he acted in actions against the police, employment and discrimination law, judicial reviews, inquests and crime, and was involved in cases including the following:

  • Bubbins vs The United Kingdom (European Court of Human Rights – shooting of an unarmed individual by police marksmen)[10]
  • HSU and Thompson v Met Police (wrongful arrest/police damages)[11]
  • Reeves v Met Police (duty of care to prisoners)[12]
  • Murray v CAB (discrimination)[13]
  • Ahmed v University of Oxford (racial discrimination against a student)[14]
  • Dr Jadhav v Secretary of State for Health (racial discrimination in the employment of Indian doctors by the health service)[15]
  • CI Logan v Met Police (racial discrimination)[16]
  • Supt Dizaei v Met Police (police damages, discrimination)[17]
  • Inquest into the death of David Rocky Bennett (use of restraints)[18]
  • Lead solicitor on Mayday demonstration 2001 test case litigation (Human Rights Act)[19]
  • Farrakhan v Home Secretary (Human Rights Act)[20]
  • In February 2000, Khan represented a group of Kurdish actors who were arrested by Metropolitan Police during a rehearsal of the Harold Pinter play Mountain Language, securing £150,000 in damages for the group for wrongful arrest and the trauma caused by their arrest.[21]
  • McDowell and Taylor v Met Police: Leroy McDowell and Wayne Taylor successfully sued the Metropolitan Police for assault and false imprisonment.[22]

Parliamentary career

Before entering Parliament, Khan represented Tooting as a Councillor for the London Borough of Wandsworth from 1994 to 2006, and was granted the title of Honorary Alderman of Wandsworth upon his retirement from local politics.[23]

In 2003, Tooting Constituency Labour Party decided to open its parliamentary selection to all interested candidates, including the incumbent MP since 1974, Tom Cox. This prompted Cox, then in his mid-70s, to announce his retirement rather than risk de-selection. In the subsequent selection contest, Khan defeated five other local candidates to become Labour's candidate for the seat. He was elected to Parliament at the 2005 general election.

Khan was awarded the "Newcomer of the Year Award" at the 2005 Spectator Parliamentarian of the Year Awards "for the tough-mindedness and clarity with which he has spoken about the very difficult issues of Islamic terror".[24] In August 2006, he was a signatory of an open letter to Tony Blair criticising UK foreign policy.[25]

Khan had to repay £500 in expenses in 2007 in relation to a newsletter sent to constituents featuring a 'Labour rose', which was deemed to be unduly prominent. While the content of the newsletter was not deemed to be party political, the rose logo was found to be unduly prominent which may have had the effect of promoting a political party. There was no suggestion that Khan had deliberately or dishonestly compiled his expenses claims, which were not explicitly disallowed under the rules at that time. The rules were retrospectively changed disallowing the claim, which had previously been approved by the House of Commons authorities.[26][27]

On 3 February 2008, The Sunday Times[28] claimed that a conversation between Khan and prisoner Babar Ahmad – a constituent accused and later convicted of involvement in terrorism – at Woodhill Prison in Milton Keynes had been bugged by the Metropolitan Police Anti-Terrorist Branch.[29] An inquiry was launched by the Justice Secretary, Jack Straw.[29]

There was concern that the bugging contravened the Wilson Doctrine that police should not bug MPs. The report concluded that the doctrine did not apply because it affected only bugging requiring approval by the Home Secretary, while in Khan's case the monitoring was authorised by a senior police officer. The Home Secretary, Jacqui Smith, then announced a further policy review and said the bugging of discussions between MPs and their constituents should be banned.[30]

In 2010, Khan was re-elected as the MP for Tooting despite a swing against his party of 3.6% and a halving of his previous majority. In the subsequent Labour leadership election Khan was an early backer of Ed Miliband, becoming his campaign manager.[31]

In April 2010 it was revealed that Khan had repaid falsely claimed expenses on two occasions, when literature was sent to his constituents. The first incident concerned letters sent out before the 2010 General Election which were ruled to have the "unintentional effect of promoting his return to office", the second a £2,550 repayment for Christmas, Eid, and birthday cards for constituents, dating back to 2006.[32] Under House of Commons rules, pre-paid envelopes and official stationery can only be used for official parliamentary business.[33][34][35]

Khan's claim for the greetings cards was initially rejected, but he presented a new invoice no longer identifying the nature of the claim, and this was accepted. Khan attributed the improper claim for the cards to "inexperience" and human error and apologised for breaking the expenses rules.[36][37]

At the 2015 general election, Khan was returned for a third term as MP for Tooting, defeating his Conservative rival by 2,842 votes.[2] He was one of 36 Labour MPs to nominate Jeremy Corbyn as a candidate in the Labour leadership election of 2015, but has said that he was "no patsy" to Mr Corbyn and would stand up to him.[38][39]

On the 9th May 2016, Khan resigned as an MP and was appointed to the ancient office of Crown Steward and Bailiff of The Three Chiltern Hundreds, a customary practice in the UK. This triggered a by-election in Tooting to be held in June 2016.[40]

Government minister

Sadiq Khan speaking in 2011

Following Prime Minister Gordon Brown's Cabinet reshuffle of 3 October 2008, Khan was appointed Minister of State for Communities, replacing Parmjit Dhanda, and becoming the second Muslim to serve in Her Majesty's Government. Before the House of Commons in January 2009, Khan criticised the Pope for the rehabilitation of Bishop Richard Williamson following his remarks about the Holocaust, a move he described as "highly unsavoury" and of "great concern".[41]

In 2009, he became the first Muslim to attend Cabinet upon his appointment as Minister of State for Transport.[42] In what was believed to be a first for an MP, Khan used his Twitter account to self-announce his promotion as Transport Secretary.[43]

In March 2010, Khan publicly stated that for a second successive year he would not be taking a pay rise as an MP or Minister, declaring "At a time when many people in Tooting and throughout the country are having to accept pay freezes I don't think it's appropriate for MPs to accept a pay rise."[44] For his first fifteen months' service in HM Government, he chose not to draw a ministerial incremental salary, having made sufficient money as a lawyer.

Shadow Cabinet

In the wake of Labour's 2010 election defeat, Acting Leader Harriet Harman appointed Khan Shadow Secretary of State for Transport.[45]

After running Ed Miliband's successful leadership campaign, Khan was previously rewarded with the senior roles of Shadow Lord Chancellor and Shadow Justice Secretary. He was advanced as Shadow Minister for London, in addition to his other responsibilities, in 2013.

He is regularly named among the Top 100 London politicians in the London Evening Standard's annual poll of the 1,000 most influential Londoners[46] and is an Ambassador for Mosaic Network,[47] an initiative set up by Prince Charles.

Mayor of London

2016 candidacy

Main article: London mayoral election, 2016

In 2013, Sadiq Khan appeared on a number of speaker platforms and in the press discussing the 2016 London mayoral election, and was quoted in the London Evening Standard saying he would consider running for Mayor of London.

Sadiq Khan in 2009.

In May 2015, he declared his intention to become the Labour Party's mayoral candidate. In September 2015, Khan won the selection, polling 37.5% of the first round vote with former minister Dame Tessa Jowell in second place on 29.7%. In the final round, following the elimination of lower-placed candidates, Khan took 58.9% against 41.1% for Jowell.[48]

In November 2015 Sadiq Khan made a promise to freeze all London's Tube, train and bus fares for four years if elected Mayor.[49] He said that this would cost £450m over four years, but TfL said that the real cost would be £1.9 billion, saying that Khan had not considered "increasing ridership over the Business Plan (passenger numbers are rising by 5 per cent every year) and there will be new fares revenue from Crossrail when it opens in 2018/19".[50]

Khan's tally in the 2016 election gave him the largest personal mandate of any politician in the history of the United Kingdom.[51] Various press sources noted that Khan's election made him the first actively affiliated Muslim to become mayor of a major Western capital.[5][51]

Khan was officially sworn in as Mayor in a multi-faith ceremony held in Southwark Cathedral the following day.[51] His first act as mayor was his appearance at a Holocaust memorial ceremony in a rugby stadium in North London,[52] although due to delays with the results of the election, he only officially took office on 9 May.[53]

Political views

Writing for The Spectator, the political commentator Nick Cohen described Khan as a centre-left social democrat,[54] while the journalist Amol Rajan termed him "a torch-bearer for the social democratic wing" of the Labour Party.[55] The BBC describe Khan as being located on the party's soft left.[56] In an article for Al Jazeera, the Marxist commentator Richard Seymour described Khan as a centrist.[57]

Khan has stated that he received death threats for voting in favour of the Same-Sex Marriage Bill. There was a fatwa put out against him, in which an Imam declared him to be no longer a Muslim; he had been given police advice on protection.[58]

Awards and nominations

In January 2013 and 2015, Khan was nominated for the Politician of the Year Award at the British Muslim Awards.[59] He later won the award in February 2016.[60]

Personal life

Khan married Saadiya Ahmed, a fellow solicitor, in 1994 and has two daughters, Anisah (born 1999) and Ammarah (born 2001).[6] Khan also served as Chairman of the Fabian Society,[61] remaining on its Executive Committee. In 2009 he won the Jenny Jeger Award (Best Fabian Pamphlet) for his writing "Fairness not Favours: How to re-connect with British Muslims".[62][63] He also edited the Fabian Essay Collection Our London: the Capital beyond 2015.

See also

Notes

References

  1. ^ Bindmans. "Saadia Khan – Bindmans LLP". 
  2. ^ a b "Tooting Constituency – Parliamentary election results May 2015 – Wandsworth Council". 
  3. ^ a b Heald, Claire; Jackson, Marie (7 May 2016). "Khan stands down as Tooting MP". BBC News. Retrieved 7 May 2016. 
  4. ^ Khan, Sadiq. "Question Time". Retrieved 11 September 2015. 
  5. ^ a b James, William; Piper, Elizabeth (7 May 2016). "Labour's Khan becomes first Muslim mayor of London after bitter campaign". Reuters. Retrieved 7 May 2016. 
  6. ^ a b c d e f g Eaton, George. "The pugilist: Sadiq Khan’s quest to become mayor of London". The New Statesman. Retrieved 11 March 2016. 
  7. ^ Rowena Mason and Simon Hattenstone (31 May 2015). "Sadiq Khan says 'aspiration' will be Labour leadership race's most overused word". The Observer. Retrieved 1 June 2015. 
  8. ^ Cooper, Goolistan (1 February 2016). "Sadiq Khan recounts life lessons learned working at Chelsea department store". GetWestLondon. 
  9. ^ Imran Khan and Partners Solicitors. "Departure of Sadiq Khan – ::Imran Khan and Partners Solicitors, London, UK::". christiankhan.co.uk. 
  10. ^ Martin, Neil (24 February 2006). "Bubbins v United Kingdom: Civil Remedies and the Right to Life – Martin – 2006 beav". Modern Law Review (Wiley Online Library) 69 (2): 242–249. doi:10.1111/j.1468-2230.2006.00583_1.x. 
  11. ^ Magrath, Paul (28 February 1997). "Law report: Juries to be given guidance on awards against police". The Independent (London). 
  12. ^ Law Lords Department. "House of Lords – Commissioners of Police for the Metropolis v. Reeves (A.P.) (Joint Administratix of the Estate of Martin Lynch, Deceased)". Parliament of the United Kingdom. Retrieved 7 June 2011. 
  13. ^ "Latest British Employment Law News". emplaw.co.uk. Retrieved 7 June 2011. [dead link]
  14. ^ "Latest British Employment Law News". emplaw.co.uk. Retrieved 7 June 2011. [dead link]
  15. ^ "Jadhav v Secretary of State for Health". Homepage.ntlworld.com. Retrieved 7 June 2011. 
  16. ^ "Black officer's 'six figure sum' payout". BBC News. 13 November 2003. 
  17. ^ Ali Dizaei
  18. ^ "David 'Rocky' Bennett Inquiry Report. News from Christian Khan Solicitors, London UK". Christiankhan.co.uk. 5 February 2004. Archived from the original on 11 March 2012. Retrieved 7 June 2011. 
  19. ^ "Austin and another v Metropolitan Police Commissioner – [2009] All ER (D) 227 (Jan)". Lexisweb.co.uk. 28 January 2009. Archived from the original on 11 March 2012. Retrieved 7 June 2011. 
  20. ^ "Farrakhan UK ban overturned". BBC News. 31 July 2001. 
  21. ^ Verkaik, Robert (2 February 2000). "£150,000 for police raid on Kurdish Pinter play". The Independent (London). Archived from the original on 8 November 2012. 
  22. ^ "Analysis: Officers' fear of being branded racist has done little to reduce bias over suspects". The Independent (London). 8 November 2002. 
  23. ^ http://www.politics.co.uk/reference/sadiq-aman-khan, politics
  24. ^ "Parliamentarian of the Year". The Spectator. 19 November 2005. Archived from the original on 16 June 2009. Retrieved 27 March 2009. 
  25. ^ "Minister criticises Muslim letter". BBC News. 12 August 2006. Archived from the original on 8 November 2012. Retrieved 27 March 2009. 
  26. ^ "Microsoft Word – Baker-Bruce-Khan – CRC Rep.doc" (PDF). Retrieved 7 June 2011. 
  27. ^ "Minister's rose emblem broke rule". BBC News. 13 December 2007. Archived from the original on 17 October 2010. Retrieved 15 December 2010. 
  28. ^ Michael Gillard; Jonathan Calvert (3 February 2008). "Police bugged Muslim MP Sadiq Khan". The Sunday Times (London). 
  29. ^ a b "Khan welcomes 'bugging' inquiry". BBC News. 3 February 2008. Archived from the original on 25 March 2009. Retrieved 7 June 2011. 
  30. ^ Dodd, Vikram (22 February 2008). "Bugging of MP on prison visit did not break the rules, inquiry finds". The Guardian (London). Archived from the original on 31 August 2014. Retrieved 4 July 2009. 
  31. ^ Harding, Eleanor (15 May 2010). "EXCLUSIVE: 'I'm backing Ed Miliband', says Sadiq Khan MP". Your Local Guardian (Wandsworth). Archived from the original on 15 March 2012. 
  32. ^ Kirkup, James (12 April 2010). "General election 2010: Transport minister Sadiq Khan in election expenses row". The Daily Telegraph (London). Archived from the original on 23 November 2011. Retrieved 25 April 2010. 
  33. ^ Beckford, Martin (9 December 2010). "MPs' expenses: 17 MPs were re-elected after secret deals on expenses". The Daily Telegraph (London). Archived from the original on 13 November 2011. Retrieved 11 December 2010. 
  34. ^ Beckford, Martin (10 December 2010). "MPs' expenses: the secret deals revealed". The Daily Telegraph (London). Archived from the original on 14 December 2010. Retrieved 11 December 2010. 
  35. ^ "'Secretly' resolved MPs' expenses cases made public". The Guardian (London). 9 December 2010. Archived from the original on 13 December 2010. Retrieved 11 December 2010. 
  36. ^ Brown, David (16 March 2010). "Transport Minister Sadiq Khan repays 2500 wrongly claimed on expenses". The Times (London). 
  37. ^ "Minister repays £2,500 expenses". BBC News. 15 March 2010. Archived from the original on 23 March 2010. Retrieved 15 December 2010. 
  38. ^ "Who nominated who for the 2015 Labour leadership election?". 
  39. ^ "Londoners should not let Corbyn 'experiment' with city – PM". BBC News. 
  40. ^ Simon, Harris. "Sadiq Khan resigns triggering Tooting by-election". ITV News. ITV News. Retrieved 9 May 2016. 
  41. ^ Prince, Rosa (29 January 2009). "Minister criticises Pope for pardoning Holocaust denial bishop". The Daily Telegraph. Archived from the original on 14 November 2012. Retrieved 29 January 2009. 
  42. ^ Harding, Eleanor (6 June 2009). "Tooting MP Sadiq Khan named first Muslim cabinet minister in Gordon Brown's reshuffle". The Wandsworth Guardian. Retrieved 6 June 2009. 
  43. ^ Banerjee, Subhajit (7 June 2009). "Minister appointment on Twitter". The Daily Telegraph. Archived from the original on 14 November 2012. Retrieved 7 June 2011. 
  44. ^ "Minister: All MPs should give up their Ł1,000 pay rise". London Evening Herald. 8 March 2010. Archived from the original on 24 October 2012. Retrieved 7 June 2011. 
  45. ^ "Exclusive: 'Bitter-sweet' promotion for Sadiq Khan MP". Wandsworth Guardian. 14 May 2010. Archived from the original on 1 March 2012. Retrieved 17 May 2010. 
  46. ^ "London's 1000 most influential people 2010: Politics". London Evening Standard. 26 November 2010. Archived from the original on 24 October 2012. Retrieved 7 June 2011. 
  47. ^ "Ambassadors". Mosaic. Retrieved 7 May 2016. 
  48. ^ Wintour, Patrick. "Sadiq Khan elected as Labour's candidate for mayor of Londo". The Guardian. Retrieved 11 September 2015. 
  49. ^ "Sadiq Khan pledges four-year freeze of all fares if elected Mayor". Evening Standard. Retrieved 11 November 2015. 
  50. ^ "Sadiq Khan's fare freeze would cost £1.9bn, says TfL". BBC News. Retrieved 6 May 2016. 
  51. ^ a b c Hooper, Ryan; Hughes, David (7 May 2016). "Warm Welcome as Sadiq Khan is Sworn in as Mayor of London". Press Association. 
  52. ^ "Sadiq Khan Attends Holocaust Memorial as First Official Mayoral Act". Haaretz. Retrieved 9 May 2016. 
  53. ^ "Sadiq Khan Vows To Be 'Mayor For All Londoners'". Sky News. 7 May 2016. Retrieved 9 May 2016. But because of the processes involved, he won't be technically in office until just after midnight on Monday. 
  54. ^ Nick Cohen (10 February 2016). "Would Jeremy Corbyn prefer George Galloway to be Mayor of London?". The Spectator. Archived from the original on 11 February 2016. 
  55. ^ Amol Rajan (15 September 2015). "After Boris, Mayor Khan for London?". Politico. 
  56. ^ Esther Webber (7 May 2008). "London mayor: The Sadiq Khan story". BBC News. 
  57. ^ Richard Seymour (8 May 2016). "Sadiq Khan's victory and free Londonistan". Al Jazeera. 
  58. ^ Nicholas Watt (14 April 2016). "Sadiq Khan says there is 'question to be asked' about use of hijabs in London". The Guardian. 
  59. ^ "Winners honoured at British Muslim Awards". Asian Image. 31 January 2013. Retrieved 1 November 2015. 
  60. ^ "British Muslim Awards 2016". Asian World. 17 February 2016. Retrieved 1 April 2016. 
  61. ^ "Executive Committee – The Fabian Society – where the British left thinks". Fabians.org.uk. Archived from the original on 11 October 2010. Retrieved 7 June 2011. 
  62. ^ Khan, Sadiq; Jameson, Hannah; Katwala, Sunder (2008). "Fairness not Favours How to reconnect with British Muslims (full text)" (PDF). 
  63. ^ Khan, Sadiq (2008). "Fairness, not favours, for Muslims (opinion)". TheGuargian.com. 

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Parliament of the United Kingdom
Preceded by
Tom Cox		 Member of Parliament
for Tooting
2005–2016		 Succeeded by
Vacant
Political offices
Preceded by
Parmjit Dhanda		 Minister of State for Communities
2008–2009		 Succeeded by
Shahid Malik
Preceded by
The Lord Adonis		 Minister of State for Transport
2009–2010		 Succeeded by
Theresa Villiers
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The Lord Adonis		 Shadow Secretary of State for Transport
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Maria Eagle
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Preceded by
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