Chemical reaction

A chemical reaction is a process that leads to the transformation of one set of chemical substances to another. Classically, chemical reactions encompass changes that only involve the positions of electrons in the forming and breaking of chemical bonds between atoms, with no change to the nuclei (no change to the elements present), and can often be described by a chemical equation. Nuclear chemistry is a sub-discipline of chemistry that involves the chemical reactions of unstable and radioactive elements where both electronic and nuclear changes may occur.

The substance (or substances) initially involved in a chemical reaction are called reactants or reagents. Chemical reactions are usually characterized by a chemical change, and they yield one or more products, which usually have properties different from the reactants. Reactions often consist of a sequence of individual sub-steps, the so-called elementary reactions, and the information on the precise course of action is part of the reaction mechanism. Chemical reactions are described with chemical equations, which symbolically present the starting materials, end products, and sometimes intermediate products and reaction conditions.

Chemical Reaction (song)

"Chemical Reaction'" is a song by German recording artist Sasha. It was written by Sasha, Pete Boyd Smith, Michael Kersting, and Stephan Baader for his second studio album ...You (2000), while production was overseen by the latter two. Released as the album's second single, it reached number seven in the Flemish portion of Belgium and the top forty in Austria, Germany and Switzerland.

Credits and personnel

Credits adapted from the liner notes of ...You.

Charts

Weekly charts

References

External links

LD

LD may refer to:

In science and mathematics:

The logarithm of base 2, , from the Latin logarithmus dualis

In technology:

Ice (Dukaj novel)

Ice (Polish: Lód) is a Janusz A. Zajdel, European Union Prize for Literature and Kościelski awards-winning novel written in 2007 by the Polish science fiction writer Jacek Dukaj, published in Poland by Wydawnictwo Literackie. The novel mixes alternate history with science fiction elements, in particular, with alternative physics and logic.

Ice will be published in English by Atlantic Books in June 2012; and possibly in other languages too.

Universe

The story of the book takes place in an alternate universe where the First World War never occurred and Poland is still under Russian rule. Following the Tunguska event, the Ice, a mysterious form of matter, has covered parts of Siberia in Russia and started expanding outwards, reaching Warsaw. The appearance of Ice results in extreme decrease of temperature, putting the whole continent under constant winter, and is accompanied by Lute, angels of Frost, a strange form of being which seems to be a native inhabitant of Ice. Under the influence of the Ice, iron turns into zimnazo (cold iron), a material with extraordinary physical properties, which results in the creation of a new branch of industry, zimnazo mining and processing, giving birth to large fortunes and new industrial empires. Moreover, the Ice freezes History and Philosophy, preserving the old political regime, affecting human psychology and changing the laws of logic from many-valued logic of "Summer" to two-valued logic of "Winter" with no intermediate steps between True and False.

Ice (Sorokin novel)

Ice (Russian: Лёд, Lyod) is a 2002 novel by the Russian writer Vladimir Sorokin. The story is set in a brutal Russia of the near future, where the Tunguska meteor has provided a mysterious cult with a material which can make people's hearts speak. The book is the first written part of Sorokin's Ice Trilogy, although the second part in the narrative; it was followed by Bro in 2004 and 23,000 in 2006.

Reception

Jon Fasman reviewed the book in the Los Angeles Times, and wrote that it "provides a head-scratching pleasure and deceptive quickness similar to that found in the novels of Haruki Murakami". Fasman continued: "Ice is a thriller in the truest sense: In addition to a swift and sure plot, reading it affords the thrill of discovering something new. Like Michel Houellebecq, Sorokin obsesses over the ways that the needs and decay of the body betray us, even if he lacks that author's haughty, nihilistic French grimness. Murakami writes with more whimsy and a similar feel for the pleasure of a swift, humming plot, but Sorokin is less burdened with nostalgia, less preoccupied with loss and a sense that life is better elsewhere."Ken Kalfus of The New York Times wrote: "In his frigid antihumanism, Sorokin parts company with Russian satirists like Gogol, Bulgakov, Yuri Olesha and, more recently, Viktor Pelevin. Jamey Gambrell, who has produced luminous translations of lyrical contemporary Russian writers like Tatyana Tolstaya, transforms Sorokin's staccato cadences into a hard-boiled English that suits the novel's brutality, especially in its violent early chapters. But even with help from a sensitive translator, American readers taking a whack at the novel with their own ice hammers may have trouble finding its heart, and even more trouble getting it to speak."