Byzantine Art - 4 Mosaic and Painting

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• published: 23 Apr 2015
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Fourth video about the Byzantine Art serie. Any doubt? Send me a message. Land of the Art blog: http://landoftheart.blogspot.com.es/ Land of the Art in facebook: https://www.facebook.com/landoftheart The translation of the capital to Constantinople and the division of the Roman Empire are two fundamental facts for Western art history. The Roman art, when has contact with eastern and hellenic elements, it transforms. The importance of Byzantium is enormous, both for their own artistic creations and for being transmitting of the Eastern Christianity. In it receives the dome decoration, monumental decoration carved in two planes, a taste for the grandiose proportions, luxury, and a large number of iconographic themes. In Byzantine Art there are three periods: the first is from the time of Emperor Justinian (VI century); the second is after the iconoclastic crisis, and is the best in creations of iconographic themes (IX to XII centuries); and the last is a rebirth, from the XIV century, which is truncated by the capture of Constantinople by the Turks in 1453, but continues to persist in the following centuries in Orthodox countries. The mosaic is more important than painting. Liturgic character. Painting is scarce. See the Iconographic Programs chapter for more information about the characteristics of the mosaics and painting in the churches. The emperors as saints. It is a politic interpretation. They said that as the first terrestrial emperor (Augustus) ruled in times of Christ (celestial emperor), it was something like a miracle. The power of the emperor comes from God. He is the maximun military autority. Due that there isn't any leader for the Church, the leader is the emperor. There are some differences between a normal western king and the eastern byzantine emperors. The confrontation began when Empress Eirene writes to the pope, but not to Charlemagne, so he is angry. Later, when the pope crowns Charlemagne emperor, he said him to marry with Eirene, but she doesn't want because for her, Charlemagne is a false emperor. The portraits of the western kings are about the nobility, royalty, the divinity isn't there. In the portraits of the eastern emperors, the divinity always appear, and even the woman had very luxury representations, not as the western queens, that they were there just to have childs. Next here I will put the name of the location of the mosaics and will describe each photo. Madaba: is a map. There are represented cities of the Mediterranean Sea. Mosaics of Hagia Sophia: Pantokrator; mosaic of the Comnenos, it is the Virgin with the Child and John II Comneno, an emperor, the woman can be his wife; mosaic of the empress Zoe, appear the Pantokrator with Constantine IX and Zoe; mosaic of the imperial door, appear with the emperor Leo VI before Christ; mosaic of one entrance, appear Constantine giving to the Theotokos a model of Constantinople and Justinian gives her a model of Hagia Sophia. Mosaics of San Vitale: appear the Pantokrator crowning San Vitale with military clothes (in left). The archangels Gabriel and Michael are there. In the right side is the archbishop Maximian; appear Justinian with the paten with bread, that is, the eucharist, and appear too the dignitaries with liturgic instruments (Gospel and incense) and Maximian; appear Theodora, his wife, that has the goblet of vine, symbol of eucharist; About the mosaics of Justinian and Theodora, is worth to say that the clothes have that color because it was a very expensive color. Saint Apollinaris in Classe: portrait of Saint Apollinaris; the apse with the cross. Saint Apollinaris Nuovo: martyrs; the Three Kings that give gifts to Child Christ; the north side of the central nave, showing scenes of the life of Christ, the martyrs, the Three Kings and Theotokos. Saint Catherine’s Monastery: Pantokrator; Crucifixion; Encaustic. Daphni Monastery: Christ's Transfiguration on Mount Tabor. Basilica of Saint Mark: interior domes; the Apostles; dome of the nartex; tale of Moses; portal of Saint Alipio. Cefalù Cathedral: Pantokrator. Hosios Loukas: Pantokrator. Arian Baptistry: the building; the baptism; apostles. Saint Sophia (Kiev): anunciation; Basil of Caesarea; Christ; Meter Theou; Pantokrator and Tetramorphos. Virgin and the Child. The evangelist Saint Luca. Moscow trinity: it is the representation of the trinity by the teophany of Manré, three angels that came to Abraham to say him that will have a son with his wife Saray although they were very old. Peribleptos. Vienna Genesis: an illustrated book. Rossano Gospels: illustrated gospels. Music: Gregorian Chant -Lament for the Fall of Constantinople Photos taken in Google images. No copyright infringement intended.