Map:296a (By
Calvin 1995)
香港鐵路(英語:
Mass Transit Railway),常簡稱港鐵(英語簡稱為MTR),是香港最大的鐵路運輸系統[3],泛指能夠通過一張港鐵單程票通行的9條路線[註 1],廣義上包括一條連接香港國際機場及香港市區的機場快線、擁有12條路線的輕鐵系統及昂坪360纜車系統,組織成為貫通香港島、九龍及新界、市區及多座新市鎮,總計87座鐵路站及68座輕鐵站、合共長220.9公里的鐵路網[1]。同時,整個系統亦包括接駁巴士及城際客運服務。
綜合港鐵系統[註 3]由香港鐵路有限公司(簡稱港鐵公司)營運,於2007年12月2日由地鐵[註 4]及九鐵系統[註 5]合併而成[4]。其中東鐵線[註 2]始建於1906年,於1910年通車,是連接香港及廣東省主要的鐵路運輸;而以地下隧道為主的第二條路線觀塘線則於1979年通車,成為香港鐵路發展歷史的里程碑。
於2013年,港鐵所有路線(不包括輕鐵)累積載客量逾15億9千萬人次、而輕鐵則為2億1千萬人次[2],是全球最繁忙的鐵路系統之一。香港鐵路為國際地鐵聯盟的創會會員之一[註 6]。而港鐵在香港專營公共運輸工具市場整體佔有率不斷上升,由2013年的46.9%,增至48.1%,當中港鐵在過海交通工具市場的佔有率更達68.2%[5]。
雖然港鐵在服務及管理水平在國際上享有高度評價,有很多國家和地區都有引進港鐵的營業模式,但近年港鐵本地服務水平被批評有所下降。
This article is about the metro system in
Hong Kong. For the company that operates the system, see
MTR Corporation. For other meanings of "
MTR", see MTR (disambiguation).
Mass Transit Railway (MTR)
MTR Corporation
.svg
Overview
Locale Hong Kong
Transit type
Heavy rail
Light rail
Airport Express
Inter-city railway service
MTR Bus
Number of lines
Heavy rail: 10
Light rail: 12
Number of stations
Heavy rail: 87[1]
Light rail: 68[1]
Daily ridership
Rapid transit:
4.552 million
Others:
0.618 million
(June
2013)[2]
Operation
Began operation
1
October 1910 (
First KCR line)
30 September 1979 (
First Line started operation on 1
October 1979, excluding the former-KCR lines)
2 December 2007 (
Merger with KCR)
Operator(s) MTR Corporation
Technical
System length
Heavy rail: 174.7 km (
108.6 mi)[3]
Light rail: 36.2 km (22.5 mi)[
3][4]
Track gauge
1,435 mm (4 ft 8
1⁄2 in)
(standard gauge –
East Rail,
West Rail,
Ma On Shan lines, and
Light Rail only)
1,432 mm (4 ft 8 3⁄8 in)
(almost standard gauge – all other lines)
Mass Transit Railway (MTR)
TCL.JPG
A K-Stock train on the
Tung Chung Line
Traditional Chinese 港鐵
Literal meaning "Hong Kong Railway"
[show]Transcriptions
The Mass Transit Railway (MTR) is the rapid transit railway system in Hong Kong. It is one of the most profitable systems in the world, with a high farebox recovery ratio of 186%.[5] Opened in 1979, the system now includes 218.2 km (135.6 mi) of rail[3] with 155 stations, including 87 railway stations and 68 light rail stops.[1] The MTR system is operated by
MTR Corporation Limited (MTRCL).
Under the government's rail-led transport policy,[6] the MTR system is a common mode of public transport in Hong Kong, with over five million trips made in an average weekday. It consistently achieves a 99.9% on-time rate on its train journeys.
As of 2012, the MTR has a 46.4% market share of the franchised public transport market, making it the most popular transport option in Hong Kong.[7] The integration of the
Octopus smart card fare-payment technology into the MTR system in
September 1997 has further enhanced the ease of commuting on the MTR.
Construction of the MTR was prompted by a study, released in 1967, commissioned by the
Hong Kong Government in order to find solutions to the growing road congestion problem caused by the expansion of the territory's economy.[8] Construction started soon after the release of the study, and the first line opened in 1979. The MTR was immediately popular with residents of Hong Kong; as a result, subsequent lines have been built to cover more territory. There are continual debates regarding how and where to expand the MTR network.[9][10]
As a successful railway operation, the MTR has served as a model for other newly built systems in the world, particularly in mainland
China.
- published: 15 Jun 2015
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