Zuo Zhuan
First page of the book
Author(s)	Zuo Qiuming
Original title	左傳
Country	Zhou Dynasty China
Language	Classical Chinese
Subject(s)	History of China during the Spring and Autumn Period
Publication date	no later than 389 BC

Zuo Zhuan (Chinese: 左傳), or Chunqiu Zuo Zhuan, sometimes translated as the Chronicle of Zuo or the Commentary of Zuo, is among the earliest Chinese works of narrative history, covering the period from 722 to 468 BCE. It is one of the most important sources for understanding the history of the Spring and Autumn Period (Chunqiu). Together with the Gongyang Zhuan and Guliang Zhuan, the work forms one of the surviving Three Commentaries on the Spring and Autumn Annals.

Zuo Zhuan is traditionally attributed to Zuo Qiuming, as a commentary to the Spring and Autumn Annals. Most notable modern scholars of this book such as Yang Bojun (楊伯峻) hold that the work was compiled during the Warring States Period, with a compilation date not later than 389 BCE.

Liang Qichao (梁启超) further proposed from internal and comparative textual analyses that the extant editions of Zuo Zhuan and Guoyu derive from a pre-Liu Xiang edition of "Guoyu" that originally had passages from the two. The neatly delineated, chronologically complementary distribution of accounts between the two was to him evidence that Liu Xiang extracted historical accounts parallel to those in the Annals to compile what was to be called the Zuo Zhuan; accounts lacking a Chunqiu parallel were left in Guoyu in the original format under chapters by state; hence the name, organization, and text of the Guoyu 國語, or Discourse of States, that we have today.

The book contains the earliest reference to weiqi (the board game of go) in the 25th Year of Duke Xiang of Lu (548 BCE in the Gregorian calendar)

With its vivid and concise language, Zuo Zhuan is also a gem of classical Chinese prose. This work and the Shiji or Records of the Grand Historian, were regarded as the ultimate models by many generations of prose stylists in ancient China.

Contents[link]

Zuo Zhuan follows the sequence of 12 dukes of the State of Lu, starting in the first year of Duke Yin of Lu and finishing in the 27th year of Duke Ai of Lu. Altogether, the 18,000 character work records the history of the various vassal states of the Zhou Dynasty over a period of 254 years.

Note: Zuo Zhuan contains an appendix starting in the fourth year of the reign of Duke Dao of Lu (463 BCE).

Translations[link]

• Legge, James (1872). The Ch'un ts'ew, with the Tso chue. The Chinese Classics. V. London: Trübner. 
  • part 1: books 1–8
  • part 2: books 9–12

References[link]

• Yang Qichao (1995). 중국고전학입문 中國古典學入門. Seoul: Hyongsong Sa. ISBN 978-89-7346-111-0. 
• Yang Bojun (1990). The Annotation of Zuozhuan Chunqiu: On Preface. Beijing: Zhonghua Shuju. ISBN 7-101-00262-5. 
• Burton Watson (1989). The Tso chuan : selections from China's oldest narrative history. New York: Columbia University Press. ISBN 0-231-06714-3. 

External links[link]

Chinese Wikisource has original text related to this article: 左傳 (Zuo Zhuan)

• Chunqiu Zuozhuan Bilingual text of Zuo Zhuan with side-by-side Chinese original and Legge's English translation
• Zuo Zhuan Fully searchable text (Chinese)
• The Zuozhuan Digital Concordance, by St. John Page and Isabel García Hidalgo. The English data is based on Legge's translation, with missing sections not covered by Legge translated by Page and added to cover the full text.

Shen Dao (Chinese: 慎到; pinyin: Shèn Dào; Wade–Giles: Shen Tao, ca. 395–315 BCE) was an itinerant Chinese philosopher from Zhao, who was a scholar at the Jixia Academy in Qi. He is usually referred to as Shenzi 慎子.

Overview[link]

Shen Dao's own original 42 essays have been lost, and only 7 are still extant, and he is known largely through short references and the writings of others, notably Han Fei and Zhuang Zi. A critical reconstruction of the lost book of Shenzi was made by Paul Thompson, and published in 1979 as The Shen Tzu Fragments.

In 2007, the Shanghai Museum published a collection of texts written on bamboo slips from the State of Chu dating to the Warring States Period, including six bamboo slips with sayings of Shenzi.^[1] These are the only known examples of the text of Shenzi that are contemporaneous with its composition.

The most noteworthy aspect of Shen Dao's philosophy is the fact that it was a precursor of both Taoist and Legalist thought. While these two schools may seem quite opposed to each other in some regards, they both share a view of nature as a fundamentally amoral force, and by extension, reality as an arena without set moral imperative – a stance that differentiates both schools from Confucianism.

In Confucianism, power is legitimized through superior moral character and wisdom. According to Shen Dao, there is no natural basis for moral judgment and authority arises and is sustained due to the nature of actual circumstances, rather than in accordance with human or linguistically formulated moral values. We should abandon such judgments and simply flow on the natural course of the Great Way (Great Tao). Through this idea, it is possible to see a bridge between the mystical simplicity of Taoism and the cynical realism of Legalism.

References[link]

This article contains Chinese text. Without proper rendering support, you may see question marks, boxes, or other symbols instead of Chinese characters.

• Pan, Fuen, "Shen Dao". Encyclopedia of China (Philosophy Edition), 1st ed.
• Zhang, Guohua, "Shen Dao". Encyclopedia of China (Law Edition), 1st ed.

External links[link]

• Hong Kong University Philosophy Department, Shen Dao
• Surviving text of the Shenzi

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Karen Mok
Karen Mok (2009)
Chinese name	莫文蔚
Pinyin	Mò Wénwèi (Mandarin)
Jyutping	mok6 man4 wai3 (Cantonese)
Birth name	Karen Joy Morris
Origin	Hong Kong
Born	(1970-06-02) 2 June 1970 (age 42) Hong Kong
Occupation	singer, actress, composer, producer, designer
Genre(s)	Cantopop, C-Rock, Alternative pop, Pop rock
Instrument(s)	Piano, Oboe, Gu Zheng
Label(s)	Star Records (1993-1995) Rock Records (1996–2001) Sony BMG (2002–2008) Universal Music (2009-present)
Years active	1993 - present
Spouse(s)	Johannes (2011 - present)
Official Website	Karen's Official Website
Awards Hong Kong Film Awards Best Supporting Actress 1996 Fallen Angels Golden Bauhinia Awards Best Supporting Actress 1996 Fallen Angels Golden Melody Awards Best Female Mandarin Artist 2003 [i] Best Mandarin Album of The Year 2008 L!VE is… KAREN MOK MTV Asia Awards Inspiration Award 2008

Karen Joy Morris, known more commonly in Chinese speaking communities as Karen Mok or Mok Man-Wai, (born 2 June 1970) is a three-time Golden Melody Award-winning Hong Kong-based actress and singer-songwriter.

Biography[link]

Mok attended Diocesan Girls' School from primary to secondary grade in Hong Kong. When she was a F.5 student, she received the 1st Hong Kong Outstanding Students Awards. She later left Hong Kong in 1987 and studied abroad.^[1] She attended United World College of the Adriatic near Trieste, Italy from 1987 to 1989, and majored in Italian literature when studying at the University College London, University of London. Mok is the sister of the writer and producer Trevor Morris, and a descendant of Alfred Morris, the first principal of King's College, Hong Kong. She speaks English, Cantonese, Mandarin, Italian, and French.^[2] She is Eurasian: her father is half-Chinese and half-Welsh, while her mother is half-Chinese, quarter-Iranian, and quarter-German.^[3][4]

Mok is often credited as Karen Mok in Chinese movies, but as Karen Joy Morris (her birth name) in Hollywood movies such as "Around the world in 80 days" starring Jackie Chan. She supplied the voice of Princess Kida for the Cantonese dub of Disney's "Atlantis: The Lost Empire" (2001). Mok performed in the 10th anniversary Asian tour of the hit Broadway musical Rent in the lead role of Mimi in 2005 and 2006.

At the Beijing Olympics in 2008, she carried the torch^[5] and performed at the Opening and Closing Ceremonies^[6][7]. In October 2008, Karen Mok launched her own brand of perfume in Hong Kong.^[8]

Karen has completed many endorsement agreements with leading companies such as among others Canon^[9], Kappa^[10], Cadillac^[11], Clear^[12], Chow Tai Fook^[13], Lux^[14], Titus^[15].

She married her first boyfriend Johannes at a church near Florence, Italy, on 1 October 2011^[16].

Activism[link]

Mok is an advocate for animals and one of only five Asian celebrities to make People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals Asia-Pacific's (PETA) first-ever Best-Dressed 2008 list.^[17] Mok has joined efforts to help bears in China whose bile is used for medicinal purposes/^[18]

In 2007, Mok was involved with MTV EXIT, a campaign against human trafficking in Asia. She presented Traffic: An MTV EXIT Special, a documentary on trafficking.^{[citation needed]}. Karen currently serves as ambassador for UNICEF, SPCA, Animals Asia Foundation, Habitat for Humanity, and Enlighten-Action for Epilepsy.

Filmography[link]

Discography[link]

Albums[link]

EPs[link]

Movie/TV Soundtracks[link]

Awards[link]

References[link]

External links[link]

• Karen Mok's Official Site(English)
• Karen Mok at the Internet Movie Database
• Karen Mok at the HKADb.net
• Karen Mok at the Hong Kong Movie DataBase

This article uses bare URLs for citations. Please consider adding full citations so that the article remains verifiable. Several templates and the Reflinks tool are available to assist in formatting. (Reflinks documentation) (July 2011)

Ai Qing
1929,Ai Qing in Paris, France
Born	Jiang Zhenghan (蔣正涵) (1910-03-27)27 March 1910 Fantianjiang village, Jinhua county, Zhejiang province, China
Died	5 May 1996(1996-05-05) (aged 86)
Pen name	Ejia (莪加) Ke'a (克阿) Linbi (林壁)
Occupation	poet
Language	Chinese
Nationality	Chinese
Citizenship	Chinese
Alma mater	Hangzhou Xihu Art School
Period	1936–1986
Children	Ai Xuan, Ai Weiwei
Influences Vladimir Mayakovsky, Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel, Immanuel Kant, Vincent van Gogh, Pierre-Auguste Renoir

Ai Qing (Chinese: 艾青; born Jiǎng Zhènghán (蒋正涵) and styled Jiǎng Hǎichéng (蒋海澄); March 27, 1910 – May 5, 1996), is regarded as one of the finest modern Chinese poets. He was known under his pen names Línbì (林壁), Kè'ā (克阿) and Éjiā (莪伽).

Life[link]

He was born in Fantianjiang village (贩田蒋), Jinhua county, in eastern China's Zhejiang province. After entering Hangzhou Xihu Art school in 1928, under the advice of principal Lin Feng Mian (林风眠), he went abroad and studied in Paris the following spring. From 1929 to 1932 while studying in France, besides learning art of Renoir and Van Gogh, the philosophy of Kant and Hegel, he also studied modern poets such as Mayakovsky and was especially influenced by Belgian poet Verhaeren.

After returning to Shanghai, China in May 1932, he joined China Left Wing Artist Association, and was arrested in July for opposing the Kuomintang party. During his imprisonment, Ai Qing translated Verhaeren's poems and wrote his first book Da Yan River—My Wet-nurse (《大堰河——我的保姆》), "Reed Flute"(《芦笛》), and "Paris"(《巴黎》). He was finally released in October 1935.

After the start of the Second Sino-Japanese War in 1937, Ai Qing wrote "Snowfall on the Chinese earth" (《雪落在中国的土地上》) after arriving at Wuhan to support the war effort. In 1938, he moved to Guilin to become the editor of "Guixi Daily" newspaper. In 1940, he became the dean of the Chinese department at Chongqing YuCai University.

In 1941, he moved to Yan'an,^[1] and joined the Chinese Communist Party in the subsequent year. Beginning in 1949, he was on cultural committees.^[2] He was editor of Poetry Magazine, and associate editor of People's Literature.^[3]

However in 1957, during the Anti-Rightist Movement, he defended Ding Ling,^[4] was accused of "rightism", and in 1958 exiled to farms in northeast China, and then in 1959 transferred to Xinjiang by the Communist authorities. He was not allowed to publish his works Return Song(《归来的歌》) and Ode to Light(《光的赞歌》) until he was reinstated in 1979. In 1979, he was vice-chairman of the Chinese Writers Association.

He made a second journey to France in 1980, and in 1985 French president François Mitterrand awarded him the title of Commander of the Order of Arts and Letters.

Family[link]

He is the father of famed Chinese artist and architect Ai Weiwei, who participated in designing the Beijing National Stadium, and artist Ai Xuan. He had two daughters with his second wife.^[1]

Pen name[link]

In 1933, while tortured and imprisoned by Kuomintang party, when writing his book DaAn River—My Wet-nurse, while writing his surname (Jiang, 蒋) he stopped at "艹"; due to his bitterness towards KMT leader Chiang Kai-shek ("蔣介石"), he resented sharing the same surname (Jiang / Chiang) and finished the rest of the word with an X. This happens to be the Chinese character ai (艾), and since the rest of his name, Hai Cheng meant qing (青, the color blue), he adopted the pen name Ai Qing.

Works[link]

• Kuangye (1940; “Wildness”)
• Xiang taiyang (1940 “Toward the Sun”)
• Beifang (1942; “North”)
• Guilai de ge (1980; “Song of Returning”)

• Ai Qing quanji (“The Complete Works of Ai Qing”) in 1991.

Works in French[link]

• Le chant de la lumière «Guang de zange » 光 的 赞 歌, éditor, translator Ng Yok-Soon. Ed. les Cent fleurs, 1989
• De la poésie ; Du poète / Ai Qing « Shilun » 诗 论, translator Chantal Chen-Andro, Wang Zaiyuan, Ballouhey, Centre de recherche de l’Université de Paris VIII, 1982
• ''Poèmes / Ai Ts’ing, éditor, translator Catherine Vignal. Publications orientalistes de France, 1979.
• Le récif : poèmes et fables / Ai Qing, éditor, translator Ng Yok-Soon. Ed. les Cent fleurs, 1987^[5]

Works in English[link]

• Eugene Chen Eoyang (ed), Selected Poems of Ai Qing, Indiana University Press, 1982

Anthologies[link]

• Edward Morin, Fang Dai, ed. (1990). The Red azalea: Chinese poetry since the Cultural Revolution. Translators Edward Morin, Fang Dai, Dennis Ding. University of Hawaii Press. ISBN 978-0-8248-1320-8. http://books.google.com/books?id=1rkPu4q1uXYC&pg=PA3&dq=ai+qing&hl=en&ei=8ZjOTffcBcTa0QGH4dmEDg&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=3&ved=0CDoQ6AEwAg#v=onepage&q=ai%20qing&f=false. 
• Joseph S. M. Lau, Howard Goldblatt, ed. (2007). The Columbia anthology of modern Chinese literature. Columbia University Press. ISBN 978-0-231-13841-3. http://books.google.com/books?id=DRt84_yIsrAC&pg=PA516&dq=ai+qing&hl=en&ei=8ZjOTffcBcTa0QGH4dmEDg&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=7&ved=0CE0Q6AEwBg#v=onepage&q=ai%20qing&f=false. 

References[link]

Further reading[link]

• Chinese Writers on Writing featuring Ai Qing. Ed. Arthur Sze. (Trinity University Press, 2010).
• Nils Göran David Malmqvist, European Science Foundation, ed. (1989). A Selective Guide to Chinese Literature, 1900-1949: The poem. BRILL. ISBN 978-90-04-08960-0. http://books.google.com/books?id=-KzbQM2sAjoC&pg=PA37&dq=ai+qing&hl=en&ei=8ZjOTffcBcTa0QGH4dmEDg&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=1&ved=0CDEQ6AEwAA#v=onepage&q=ai%20qing&f=false. 

Sources[link]

• Columbia Encyclopedia
• Obituary (French)
• asiaweek.com Obituary
• Ai Qing Museum (Chinese)

SHOW commonly known by his nickname Xiao Zhu (Little Pig) is a Taiwanese Singer, Dancer, Actor, and Host.

Biography[link]

SHOW started beating drums at the age of 3 and performed alongside his parents as a child, his mother was a singer and his father hosted parties & events. SHOW is dubbed Asia's Dance King by the Taiwanese media. In 2007, he opened up his own clothing brand STAGE in Taiwan, and later expanded the store to Hong Kong, and Singapore; his clothing brand can also be found in selected stores in China, USA, and Australia. SHOW is well known for hosting 100% Entertainment alongside Alien Huang and Butterfly Sister.

Music career[link]

Debut (1996–2002)[link]

In 1996, Show entered the entertainment industry by contesting in a competition imitating Aaron Kwok. Along with three other contestants, they debuted as a quartet boy band in Taiwan. The boy band quickly disbanded as two members left for compulsory military service. That same year, he formed a duo group ROMEO with Ou Di. They released 2 albums, but the group soon disbanded also as Ou Di left for conscription. From 2000-2002 Show concentrated on hosting several variety game shows.

Avex Taiwan (2003–2007)[link]

In 2003, he signed with Avex Taiwan and launched his solo career with the release of ShowTime. It sold over 80,000 copies.

His second album Expert Show was released in 2004. The album featured collaborations with Xiao S on the hit duet Lian Ai Da Ren. He filmed a MV, Xiao Chou Yu featuring Rainie Yang. The album also contains the ending theme song of Taiwanese drama Outsider II , which starred Show.

Show released his 3rd album Hypnosis Show in 2005. He worked with Jolin Tsai for the first lead dance track Zhen Ming Tian Zi and filmed the MV with her. The other lead track Zi Wo Cui Mian is composed by Jay Chou, and the MV features Show's co-host Da S.^[1]

Show's breakthrough album came with the release of his 4th album SPESHOW on 17 November 2006. The lead track, Jing Wu Men is a cover of "James Dean (I Wanna Know)" by Daniel Bedingfield. For the album, he sang a full length English song for the first time Twinkle with Japanese singer Kumi Koda, and collaborated with Ariel Lin for the MV of Hao Peng You.

EMI Music Taiwan (2007–2008)[link]

Show signed a three year contract with EMI Taiwan and released his 5th album Show Your Dance on Nov. 16th 2007. He sang a duet Bai Gei Ni with Elva Hsiao.

In July 2008 he released his first Concert DVD which documented his first worldwide concert tour "Show On Stage". ^[2]

Gold Typhoon (2008–present)[link]

In June of 2008 EMI Music Taiwan reformed as Gold Typhoon (Taiwan) and Show kept his contract with them. Show's 6th album Trendy Man was released on 26 December 2008. Show renewed his contract with Gold Typhoon (Taiwan) for 3 more years. Remembering his debut album when no record companies wanted to sign him, Show demonstrated his gratitude towards Gold Typhoon.

On 19 September 2009, Show represented Taiwan and performed at the 6th Asia Song Festival, held at the Seoul World Cup Stadium in South Korea.^[3]

His 7th album, Rashomon was released in 2010, it held the number one spot on G-music, and the album sold 150,000 copies.

Show released his 8th studio album, Only You on 18 February 2011, the album also sold more than 150,000 copies.

Show's 9th album, 9ood Show is released on April 6th 2012. For this album, Show and Rainie Yang teamed up with Tourism Australia to film a short film featuring tourist attractions in Melbourne, Tasmania, and Sydney.

Pony Canyon (2011–present)[link]

In 2011, Show signed with Pony Canyon Japan. His first Japanese single Dante was released on Feb 15th 2012.

Discography[link]

Concerts[link]

World Tours[link]

Filmography[link]

TV Drama Series[link]

• Outsiders II- 2004
• Corner With Love - 2007
• Hot Shot - 2008
• Hi, My Sweetheart - 2009

Movies[link]

Short Film

• Heartbeat Love - 2012

Cameo Apperance

• Two and Half Detectives- 1999
• Expect A Miracle - 2001
• Journey To The West - (Coming Soon)

Voice Dubs

• Chicken Little / as Chicken Little (Mandarin, Voice only) 2005
• The Bee Movie / as Barry Bee Benson (Mandarin, Voice Only) 2007

Books[link]

• 30 September 2002 - Zhu Shi Hui She (Autobiography)
• 9 October 2007 - Show on Stage (Concert)
• 24 December 2010 - Logic (Co-written with his mother)

Awards and nominations[link]

Endorsements[link]

References[link]

External links[link]

• (Chinese) Univerises Entertainment Marketing Ltd Show's official profile
• (Chinese) 'I Love Super' Mars Entertainment Blogs Show's official blog
• (Chinese) Show Luo@Gold Typhoon Taiwan
• (Chinese) Stage Hyaline of World
• (English) Show Luo - Bio, News, Images, Album releases (Gold Typhoon)