- published: 18 Nov 2015
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The Ponary massacre (or Paneriai massacre, Polish: zbrodnia w Ponarach) was the mass-murder of 100,000 people, mostly Polish Jews, by German SD and SS and Lithuanian Nazi collaboratorsSonderkommando collaborators (Special SD and German Security Police Squad Ypatingasis būrys units) during World War II and the Holocaust in Reichskommissariat Ostland. The executions took place between July 1941 and August 1944 near the railway station of Paneriai (Polish: Ponary), then in Poland and now a suburb of Vilnius, Lithuania. Some 70,000 Jews were murdered in Ponary, along with estimated 20,000 Poles and 8,000 Russians, many from nearby Vilnius.
Following the incorporation of the Republic of Central Lithuania into Poland, the town of Ponary became part of the Wilno Voivodship, (Kresy region). In September 1939, the region was taken over by the Soviets, and after about a month transferred to Lithuania. After the annexation of Lithuania by the Soviet Union, in June 1940, the Soviets began constructing an oil storage facility near Ponary in conjunction with a military airfield. That project was never completed, as in 1941 the area was occupied by Nazi Germany. The Nazis decided to take advantage of the large pits dug for the oil warehouses to dispose of bodies of unwanted locals. Their policy was to kill every Jewish individual in Lithuania, and the Baltic countries became the first place Nazis would mass execute Jews. Out of 70,000 Jews living in Vilnius, only 7,000 would survive the war; the Jewish culture in Vilnius, one of the greatest in Europe, ceased to exist.
Ponary [pɔˈnarɨ] (German Ponarien) is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Miłakowo, within Ostróda County, Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship, in northern Poland. It lies approximately 7 kilometres (4 mi) south of Miłakowo, 28 km (17 mi) north of Ostróda, and 36 km (22 mi) north-west of the regional capital Olsztyn.
The village has a population of 120.
Coordinates: 53°56′28″N 20°1′57″E / 53.94111°N 20.0325°E / 53.94111; 20.0325
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