We spent our 2nd day exploring the old port (
French -
Vieux Port) of Marseille. We also explored the famous Cathédrale La
Major,
Basilique du Sacré-Cœur de and MuCem.
All in all a beautiful harbour with plenty of nice boats and great restaurants.
Brief
History about the
Old Port:
Source Wikipedia.
The
Old Port of Marseille (French : Vieux-Port) is located at the end of the
Canebière. It has been the natural harbour of
Marseille since antiquity and is now the main popular place in Marseille, mainly pedestrian since
2013.
In 600 BC,
Greek settlers from
Phocaea landed in the Lacydon, a rocky
Mediterranean cove, now the site of the Old Port of Marseille. They set up a trading post or emporion in the hills on the northern shore. Until the nineteenth century the Old Port remained the centre of maritime activity in Marseille
. In the Middle Ages the land at the far end of the port was used to cultivate hemp for the local manufacture of rope for mariners, which is the origin of the name of the main thoroughfare of Marseille, the Canebière.
The great
St. Victor's Abbey was gradually built between the third and ninth centuries on the hills to the south of the Old Port, on the site of an Hellenic burial ground.
Between the fifteenth and seventeenth centuries, quays were constructed under
Louis XII and
Louis XIII and an important shipyard for galleons put in place.
Following a revolt against their governor by the citizens of Marseille,
Louis XIV ordered the erection of the forts of St
Jean and
St Nicolas at the entrance to the harbour and established an arsenal and fleet in the Old Port itself. The notorious "arsenal des galères"[1] was situated on the left side of the Old Port between the
Cours Jean-Balard and the Cours Estienne-d'Orves: those condemned to be galley slaves in the royal war fleet were branded with the letters
GAL.
According to John Murray, in 1854 the Old Port had a capacity of between 1,
000 and 1,
200 ships. Roughly 18,000 merchant ships passed through the port each year, carrying about 20 million barrels worth of freight; this represented a quarter of the trade in
Liverpool at the time. The 6 metre depth of the harbour, however, proved problematic for steamships later in the century; much deeper docks had to be constructed at
La Joliette. In
World War II the Old Port was left in complete ruins. According to eye-witness accounts, in
January 1943, the Nazis, aided by the
French police, dynamited much of the historic old town and demolished the gigantic aerial ferry or "transbordeur", an engineering tour de force that had become a major landmark of Marseille, comparable to the
Eiffel tower in
Paris. This became known as the "
Battle of Marseille". In 1948
Fernand Pouillon was put in charge of the reconstruction of the devastated old quarter.
Over time many port activities were moved out of the Old Port, when beginning in the
1840s new harbour moles, quays and the
Docks were build along the quartier La Joliette, north-west to the Old Port
. Over time new harbour installations were build further north-west along the coast, resulting in what is today the
Grand Port Maritime de Marseille: continuous harbour installation as far as
L'Estaque and the southern entrance to the
Rove Tunnel, and "satellite" extensions around Fos-sur-Mer and along the shore of the
Étang de Berre. The Old Port is used today as a marina, as a terminal for local boat trips and hosts a local fish market. Since 2013, for the
European Capital of Culture, the Old Port is mainly destinated to pedestrians, it has been renewed as a large mineral public square following an international concourse won by
Michel Desvigne Paysagistes, with
Foster and Partners.
The project also consists in a second phase with parks around the port, which will be achieved in
2020 for a sum of €64 millions.
- published: 15 Oct 2015
- views: 150