10 World Most Famous Buddhist Temples
1.
Haeinsa Temple
Haeinsa (Temple of
Reflection on a
Smooth Sea) is one of the most important
Buddhist temples in South Korea. The temple was first built in 802 and rebuilt in the
19th century after Haiensa was burned down in a fire in 1817. The temple’s greatest treasure however, a complete copy of the
Buddhist scriptures (he
Tripitaka Koreana) written on 81,258 woodblocks, survived the fire.
2.
Wat Arun
Situated on the
Thonburi side of the
Chao Phraya River ,
Wat Arun (“Temple of
Dawn”) is one of the oldest and best known landmarks in
Bangkok, Thailand. The temple is an architectural representation of
Mount Meru, the center of the universe in
Buddhist cosmology.
Despite it’s name, the best views of Wat Arun are in the evening with the sun setting behind it.
3.
Pha That Luang
Located in
Vientiane, Pha That Luang (“
Great Stupa in Lao”) is one of the most important monument in
Laos. The stupa has several terraces with each level representing a different stage of
Buddhist enlightenment. The lowest level represents the material world; the highest level represents the world of nothingness. Pha That Luang was built in the
16th century on the ruins of an earlier
Khmer temple. The temple was destroyed by a
Siamese invasion in 1828, then later reconstructed by the
French in 1931.
4.
Jokhang
The
Jokhang Temple in
Lhasa is the most important sacred site in
Tibetan Buddhism attracting thousands of pilgrims each year. The temple was constructed by
King Songtsän Gampo in the
7th century.
The Mongols sacked the Jokhang temple several times but the building survived.
Today the temple complex covers an area of about 25,
000 square meters.
5.
Todaiji Temple
Todaiji (“
Great Eastern Temple”) in
Nara is one of the most historically significant and famous
Buddhist temples in Japan. The temple was built in the
8th century by
Emperor Shomu as the head temple of all provincial
Buddhist temples of Japan. Today little remains of the original buildings of Todaiji. The Daibutsuden (“
Great Buddha Hall”), dates for the most part from 1709. It houses one of the largest Budha statues in
Japan and is the worlds largest wooden building, even though it is only two-thirds the size of the original structure.
6.
Boudhanath
Located in a suburb of
Kathmandu, Boudhanath is one of the largest stupas in the world. It is the center of Tibetan Buddhism in
Nepal and many refugees from
Tibet have settled here in the last few decades. It is probably best known for the
Buddha eyes that are featured on all four sides of the tower.
The present stupa is said to date from the
14th century, after the previous one was destroyed by
Mughal invaders.
7.
Mahabodhi Temple
The
Mahabodhi (
Great Enlightenment) Temple is a
Buddhist stupa located in
Bodh Gaya,
India. The main complex contains a descendant of the original
Bodhi Tree under which
Gautama Buddha gained enlightenment and is the most sacred place in Buddhism. About 250 years after the Buddha attained Enlightenment,
Emperor Asoka built a temple at the spot. The present temple dates from the 5th-6th century.
8.
Shwedagon Pagoda
The Shwedagon Pagoda (or
Golden Pagoda) in
Yangon, is the holiest
Buddhist shrine in
Burma. The origins of
Shwedagon are lost in antiquity but it is estimated that the
Pagoda was first built by the Mon during the
Bagan period, sometime between the 6th and
10th century AD. The temple complex is full of glittering, colorful stupas but the center of attention is the 99 meter high (326 feet) high main stupa that is completely covered in gold.
9. Bagan
Bagan, also spelled
Pagan, on the banks of the Ayerwaddy
River, is home to the largest area of
Buddhist temples, pagodas, stupas and ruins in the world. It was the capital of several ancient kings of Burma who built perhaps as many as 4,400 temples during the height of the kingdom (between
1000 and 1200
AD). In 1287, the kingdom fell to the
Mongols, after refusing to pay tribute to
Kublai Khan and Bagan quickly declined as a political center, but continued to flourish as a place of Buddhist scholarship.
10.
Borobudur
Located on the
Indonesian island of
Java, 40 km (25 miles) northwest of
Yogyakarta, the Borobudur is the largest and most famous
Buddhist temple in the world. The Borobudur was built over a period of some 75 years in the 8th and
9th centuries by the kingdom of
Sailendra, out of an estimated 2 million blocks of stone. It was abandoned in the 14th century for reasons that still remain a mystery and for centuries lay hidden in the jungle under layers of volcanic ash.
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