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Renewable energy sources will be the basic energy sources of our future. Determining an operating status for each committed energy generation resource may include checking an accumulated number of operating hours for each energy generation resource to determine if the resource should be placed in a reduced probability of full outage or of partial outage condition. Determining if the resource should be placed in a reduced probability of full outage condition based on a comparison between the accumulated number of operating hours and a calculated selected time to failure may be based on an historical time to failure data distribution for the resource.
A computer readable storage medium having a plurality of computer readable instructions encoded therein, which when executed by a computer causes the computer to implement a method for quantifying an expected unserved energy in an energy system, may be summarized as including generating an energy demand forecast based at least in part on a weather year model stored in a memory of the computing system; committing a plurality of energy resources to meet the energy demand; determining an operating status for each committed energy resource in the energy system; determining if the committed resources are sufficient to meet the energy demand; selecting a dispatch order for a plurality of additional energy resources if the committed resources are not sufficient to meet the energy demand, wherein the plurality of energy resources includes a plurality of supply, such as fossil or geothermal steam units, a plurality of pumped storage hydro units, a plurality of combustion turbine units, a plurality of combined cycle units, a plurality of hydro resources, a plurality of emergency resources, a plurality of market energy contracts (purchase or sale), and a plurality of demand response contracts; dispatching the plurality of demand response contracts based on economic prices or other contract terms and conditions; committing additional resources based on the selected dispatch order until the energy demand is met; and determining the expected unserved energy and shedding an equivalent amount of energy demand based at least in part on an expected duration of unserved energy.
Scalable urban traffic control system has been developed to address current challenges and offers a new approach to real-time, adaptive control of traffic signal networks. The methods and system described herein exploit a novel conceptualization of the signal network control problem as a decentralized process, where each intersection in the network independently and asynchronously solves a single-machine scheduling problem in a rolling horizon fashion to allocate green time to its local traffic, and intersections communicate planned outflows to their downstream neighbors to increase visibility of future incoming traffic and achieve coordinated behavior. The novel formulation of the intersection control problem as a single-machine scheduling problem abstracts flows of vehicles into clusters, which enables orders-of-magnitude speedup over previous time-based formulations and is what allows truly real-time (second-by-second) response to changing conditions.
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- published: 19 Apr 2016
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