Naujoji Vilnia is a neighborhood in eastern Vilnius, Lithuania situated along the banks of the Vilnia River. It has eldership status. The district has a population of about 32,800. 34% of the population are Poles, 29,5% Lithuanians, 19,8%- Russians, 9,0 Belarusians.

It started as a separate town in the second half of the 19th century when the Warsaw – Saint Petersburg Railway was built. It grew as a narrow strip along the rails. Then another major line connecting Vilnius with Minsk was built. In 1911, Church of St. Casimir was built. Before Vilnius passed to Poland in 1920, it had a number of small manufacturing shops including wood products, yeast, scythes (known as Russian: litovka), knives, paper and knitting mills.

During mass deportations to Siberia in June 1941, some 30,000 deportees passed through the railroad station. After the World War II, former shops were nationalized by the Soviet authorities and converted into large factories for machine tools, agricultural equipment and other factories. In 1957 it was incorporated into Vilnius city.